Applied Laser Spark Spectroscopy: The Evolution of LIBS into Real- - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Applied Laser Spark Spectroscopy: The Evolution of LIBS into Real- World Applications Presented by:

APPLIE D Technical Group Leadership SPE CTROSCOPY TE CHNICAL GROUP Chair: Elina A. Vitol, Staff Scientist, ECOLAB Advisor: Samuel Achilefu, Professor, Washington University in St. Louis Education Lead: Matthias Fischer, Project Manager, -4H- JENA Engineering Publications Lead: Frank Kuo, Project Manager, Mettler Toledo AutoChem Technical Meetings Lead: Prasoon Diwakar, Sr. Research Associate, Purdue University

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APPLIE D Welcome to today’s webinar! SPE CTROSCOPY TE CHNICAL GROUP Dr. Andrzej M iziolek, U.S. Army Research Laboratory (retired) “Applied Laser Spark Spectroscopy: The Evolution of LIBS into Real-World Applications” M ay 17, 2016 ▪ 10 am EDT

Applied Laser Spark Spectroscopy: The Evolution of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) into Real-World Applications Andrzej W. M iziolek, Ph.D. amiziolek@aol.com OSA Webinar, 17 M ay 2016

Outline • Background • Introduction to LIBS • Overview of Recent Applications • Highlights of Sample Applications (M ars, nuclear, forensics, food, plants, drink, biomedical, coal, wear metals) • Example of handheld LIBS • Nanoparticle-enhanced LIBS • LIBS in Education • Conclusions

Background • LIBS has undergone rapid development since the early 1980s and is now generally considered to be a major established technique in chemical analysis.

Why LIBS? • Speed (real-time analysis) • Inherently rugged and easy to use (usually no sample preparation required) • M assive amount of information (total elemental inventory of sample) • LIBS commercial systems are becoming smaller and cheaper, and suitable for field use • Same device can analyze a very wide range of materials • Particularly suitable for forensics and provenance (due to elemental fingerprinting) • Can analyze materials- close-contact, standoff, underwater, stand-alone or on robots

Introduction to LIBS Nd:Y AG laser (1064 nm, 8 ns) Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy spectrometer

Introduction to LIBS Nd:Y AG laser (1064 nm, 8 ns) Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy spectrometer  sample is simultaneously ablated and excited by a pulsed laser beam with sufficient energy to atomize/ ionize/ excite the target material => exceed the breakdown threshold  the flash of light is collected by optics into a spectrometer which separates the wavelengths and detects the light energy  the elemental inventory of the sample is determined in real-time

Introduction to LIBS Nd:Y AG laser (1064 nm, 8 ns) Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy spectrometer  sample is simultaneously ablated and excited by a pulsed laser beam with sufficient energy to atomize/ ionize/ excite the target material => exceed the breakdown threshold  the flash of light is collected by optics into a spectrometer which separates the wavelengths and detects the light energy  the elemental inventory of the sample is determined in real-time

M ultiple Books About LIBS

LIBS is International M ajor International Conferences* LIBS 2000- Tirrenia, Italy LIBS 2002- Orlando, USA LIBS 2004- Torremolinos, Spain LIBS 2006- M ontreal, Canada LIBS 2008- Berlin, Germany LIBS 2010- M emphis, USA LIBS 2012- Luxor, Egypt LIBS 2014- Beijing, China LIBS 2016- Chamonix, France LIBS 2018- ?, USA * “I enjoy the LIBS community more than all others, it ’s a great family, so to speak.” … from a prominent LIBS scientist in academia…

Sample Papers of Real-World Applications Presented at the LIBS 2014 Conference in Beijing, China • Silver J ewelry M icroanalysis using LIBS • Quantification of Rare Earth Elements Using LIBS • Garnet Classification and Provenance Using LIBS • Investigation of LIBS for Potential Ocean Applications • LIBS for the Detection of Toxic Elements in Saudi Arabia Water Samples • Epidemiological Application of LIBS: Analysis of Fingernails for Screening of Diseases • A M ethod of Quickly Detecting Heavy M etals in Vegetables Using LIBS • Nondestructive Determination of Cu Residue in Orange Peels • Application of LIBS in Early Detection of Red Palm Weevil Infestation in Date Palm • LIBS for Elemental Imaging of Biological Tissues • M icro-LIBS Analysis of Shells : A Potential Way to Track the M arine Ecosystem • LIBS System for Total Carbon and M icronutrients Determination in Soils • Quantitative Analysis M ethod for Heavy M etals in Soils Determined by LIBS • Spectrochemical Analysis of Asian Works of Art • LIBS Applied to Historical Bronze Samples • A Compact Prototype of LIBS-Raman Spectroscopy for M ars Exploration • Quantitative Analysis of Pb in Water by LIBS • Discrimination Between Different Egyptian Crude Oil Grades Using LIBS • Comparative Study of Human and Horse Hair Using LIBS for M ineral Content • Analysis of Trace Elements in Turnip Using LIBS • Using LIBS to Follow Up Abundance of Heavy M etals Absorbed in Fish Bone • Investigation of LIBS for Laser Surgery Feedback Control M echanism • Provenance Determination of Cumin Spice Using LIBS • Evaluation of LIBS for Determination of Ca and M g in Beef Samples

LIBS Analysis of Rocks and Soils on M ars- A M ajor Success Story Launched November 2011- arrived August 2012 (http:/ / www.msl-chemcam.com/ ) M ars Science Laboratory Rover “Curiosity” ChemCam Mast Unit (contains LIBS) Standoff Range: 1.5-7 meters * Collaboration between NASA and CNES (French space agency)

LIBS Applications in the Nuclear Industry • In the UK, LIBS has been used to remotely analyse materials within high- radiation areas at the Sellafield nuclear plant and also at various nuclear power stations. • LIBS has been shown to be able to provide useful information on the elemental makeup of highly radioactive material. • In some cases physical sampling is not feasible and so LIBS offers unique capabilities in this area. • In addition to analysing radioactive materials, LIBS has been used to analyse components of various nuclear plant and equipment where physical access is severely restricted (eg. steam tubes and other components inside a steam generator at a nuclear power station).

LIBS Applications in the Nuclear Industry cont ’d • APL is currently working with the UK Nuclear Decommissioning Authority and the operators of Sellafield to use APL ’s proprietary submersible LIBS probe to characterise radioactive waste submerged in water and sludge at several storage ponds which date back to the 1950s. • M uch of the waste which was disposed of in these ponds has not been moved for 50 years and so is in a highly corroded state . Very few records were maintained on the inventory of this waste and so it must be characterised before it can be removed from the ponds and processed for long-term storage or disposal. • The submersible LIBS probe is unique in its ability to identify various items of waste via its elemental signature, for example being able to identify fragment of irradiated uranium fuel mixed up with other debris such as scrap metal tubes, pieces of concrete, pieces of graphite, M agnox fuel cladding, etc.

LIBS for Ascertaining Provenance by Elemental Fingerprinting Applied Geochemistry, 2009 Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2011 Chemical and Engineering News, 2012

LIBS is an Emerging New Tool for Forensic Analyses • The ability of LIBS to do quantitative measurements is well-established. • Prof. Almirall’s group at FIU and researchers at other universities, e.g. Prof. Richard Hark at Juniata and Prof. M atthieu Baudelet at UCF , have been advancing the application of LIBS to forensics - glass, paint, soil, fibers, paper and ink, counterfeit currency, gunshot residue (GSR), biomaterials/ fingerprint, and nuclear forensics analyses . • LIBS has already been successfully used in a court case involving an attempted bank robbery. • FIU group has published 20 papers in recent years. M ultiple papers from other groups as well. • M ultiple forensics labs are purchasing LIBS systems. • Book Chapter-