APPLICATION OF PLASMA TECHNOLOGY FOR APPLICATION OF PLASMA TECHNOLOGY - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

APPLICATION OF PLASMA TECHNOLOGY FOR APPLICATION OF PLASMA TECHNOLOGY FOR HAZARDOUS WASTE DESTRUCTION WITH WASTE TO ENERGY WITH WASTE TO ENERGY BY BY MAHARASHTRA ENVIRO POWER LIMITED MAHARASHTRA ENVIRO POWER LIMITED P ‐ 56, MIDC Ranjangaon, Tal ‐ Shirur, Dist ‐ Pune ‐ 412 220, Maharashtra, India. Tel : +91 ‐ 2138 ‐ 670352 Website : www.smsmepl.com p

APPLICATION OF PLASMA TECHNOLOGY AT SMSIL MEPL PUNE AT SMSIL, MEPL, PUNE 72 MT / Day Capacity Plant

WHAT IS PLASMA?  “Fourth State” of matter  Plasma is an ionized gas which  Plasma is an ionized gas which at very high temperature is capable of conducting electrical capable of conducting electrical current  Lightning is an example from nature

W HAT IS P LASMA ?

P LASMA T ORCH

C HARACTERISTICS OF P LASMA A RC T ECHNOLOGY  Generates “Ionized Gas” which conducts electricity.  C  Converts electrical energy into thermal energy. l i l i h l  Heat from Plasma Torches dissociates waste molecules .  Temperature at the tip of Plasma plume is about 5000 °C  Waste destruction in oxygen starved atmosphere resulting in conditions non-favorable for formation of dioxin and furan.  Easy to vary torch power ranging from 150 to 300 KWH  Torch operates with most gases  Torch operates with most gases - Air most common  A  A gasification process ifi ti - Not an incineration process

W HAT IS GASIFICATION ?  COAL/MSW CARBON  CO/H 2 /CH 4 (Solids) (Gases)  Major Gasification Reactions:  Carbon-Steam C + H 2 O = CO + H 2 endothermic  Partial Combustion  Partial Combustion C + O 2 = 2CO C + O 2 2CO exothermic exothermic  Combustion C + O 2 = CO 2 exothermic  Water-gas shift CO + H 2 O = CO 2 + H 2 exothermic  Boudouard  B d d C C + CO 2 = 2CO CO 2CO endothermic d h i  Hydrogasification C + 2H 2 = CH 4 exothermic

MEPL PLANT PROCESS OVERVIEW OVERVIEW Syn gas y g Plasma Reactor Useful Fuel PGVR AT MEPL Waste Feed System Solid / Liquid Plasma Torch Electrical Energy Air (Plasma Gas) Air (Plasma Gas) Slag

P LASMA G ASIFICATION A DVANTAGES  Wide range of hazardous wastes can be gasified - Solids, Liquids, Semi- solid, Sludge's, Residues, Slurries. Semi solid, Sludge s, Residues, Slurries.  HW is completely destroyed and broken down into its basic components. p  No tars, dioxin and furan formation. Meets European Standards of <0.1 ng TEQ/nm3. g  Produces lower volume of green house gas.  Generates less than 90 % residues than incineration.  Inorganics - Silica, soil, concrete, glass, gravel are vitrified into non h hazardous Slag. d Sl  No ash generation. No secondary solid waste.  Generation of syngas for conversion to green power.

SEQUENTIAL OPERATION OF MEPL PGVR PLANT OF MEPL PGVR PLANT

S IMPLE P ROCESS O PERATION  Hazardous waste Feed material enters into reactor inlet and falls by gravity. it  Coke bed at bottom of reactor to maintain temperature, porosity & maintain temperature porosity & for free flowing of slag.  Outlet for hot syngas  Outlet for hot syngas.  Removal of slag at bottom of reactor reactor.

P LASMA R EACTOR  Auto feed system  Four  Four nos nos. of of Westinghouse Westinghouse Plasma Corporation supplied torches  Operating temp 1000 -1200 °C  Gas analyser for CO O 2  Gas analyser for CO, O 2  Reactor is lined with specialized refractory y to withstand high g temperature & toxic gases

T HERMAL O XIDIZER  Hot gas g from plasma reactor enters p into Thermal Oxidizer  Organic constituents are destructed  Air supply by Air Blowers  Carbon monoxide is converted into carbon dioxide  G  Gas temperature is 1100 -1200 °C t t i 1100 1200 °C  Oil fired burner  Online gas analyser

A IR P OLLUTION C ONTROL S YSTEM A IR P OLLUTION C ONTROL S YSTEM W W ASTE H EAT R ECOVERY S YSTEM H R S  Hot  Hot gases gases (1100-1200 (1100 1200 °C) C) from from Thermal Oxidizer are passed through WHRB to generate steam  Steam is used to run turbine for power generation g

A IR P OLLUTION C ONTROL S YSTEM A IR P OLLUTION C ONTROL S YSTEM V ENTURY Q UENCHER / D IRECT C ONTACT V ENTURY Q UENCHER / D IRECT C ONTACT S CRUBBER  H  Hot gases from Thermal Oxidizer at 300-400 0 C 300 400 0 C f Th l O idi enter into the ventury scrubber.  Cooling of gases to 85 0 C  C t 85 0 C li f  Alkaline solution is present in the DC to maintain the pH maintain the pH. Dense particles above 5 Dense particles above 5 micron are removed in the Direct Contact Scrubber Scrubber.  Absorption of SO 2 /HCL

A IR P OLLUTION C ONTROL S YSTEM W ET E LECTROSTATIC P RECIPITATOR  The Wet Tubular Electrostatic Precipitator uses a multi-stage action to collect fine particles.  Less than 4-5 micron particles size are removed.  It has a caustic solution.  Clean gas from wet ESP is diverted to  Clean gas from wet ESP is diverted to polishing scrubber.

A IR P OLLUTION C ONTROL S YSTEM P O P OLISHING S CRUBBER G S C S  Polishing scrubber has a compact bed with circulation of dilute NaOH liquor. q  Scrubbing of remaining gases.  Cooling of gases below 50 0 C.  Cooling of gases below 50 C.  The clean gases are diverted to ID Fan Fan.

ID FAN / S TACK ID F AN  29000 Nm3/hour gas pulling capacity  29000 Nm3/hour gas pulling capacity of each ID fan.  Helps in keeping the Entire System  H l i k i h E i S under -ve pressure.  Conveying the gases to the Stack. S TACK  Rubber lined stack 45 MT height.  Sampling point  Online monitoring system for CO, SO 2 , NOX, HCL & SPM.

E XHAUST G AS A NALYSIS

Generator POWER PLANT Turbine

P ROCESS C ONTROL & M ONITORING THROUGH SCADA

O PERATIONAL S AFETY AND I NTERLOCKS  Plant operates under negative pressure. Reactor negative pressure is controlled through ID fan speed control through ID fan speed control.  Safety valve venting in case of pressure built up  ID Fan, Scrubber Pump, Waste Feed System and Plant instrumentation are provided with emergency power supply for corrective actions during power failure.  Dedicated Nitrogen Plant with storage tank is provided for emergency dumping of nitrogen into plasma reactor.  Complete Plant operation is controlled and monitored from centralized control room using P LC based control system.  Exhaustive plant instrumentation and interlocks are provided to ensure that plant comes to safe mode in all eventuality.

PLASMA GASIFICATION UNIT AT RANJANGAON PUNE OPERATIONAL SINCE RANJANGAON, PUNE OPERATIONAL SINCE 2008 THANK YOU !!