• www.thefraqs.org • Tree Health Answers & Questions • Good or new questions are published
Sudden Oak Death New disease caused by an exotic pathogen introduced in CA in teh late 80s probably from Asia through infested ornamental plants. Oaks are completely susceptible (up to 100% mortality) Spreads by itself aerially by wind & rain during mild wet season (but only a few hundred yards ) Risk for oak infection only when pathogen is within 200 yards Need to have a fine-scale map of pathogen distribution
SOD Blitzes • Yearly volunteer-based survey to track expansion and contraction of the pathogen’s range • Volunteers collect over a weekend • UC Berkeley tests all samples • Early Fall, results of yearly blitz are available • Mid Fall, Blitz results added to SODmap • SODmap mobile accesses data from SODmap : – App allows to identify sampled trees in the field – App calculates risk for oak infection at any location
Infectious hosts in CA forests • Tanoaks • CA Bay Laurel Trunk not infectious Only leaves, Leaves, petioles, twigs=infectious highly infectious (Branches, trunks=not infectious)
Bay/Oak association Yearly, in spring Coast Live Oak (no sporulation) Bay Canker margin in phloem Bleeding canker Wave years Sporangia Soil/Water
Sudden Oak Death Symptoms on California Bay Laurel SOD Lesions Yellowish discoloration May have an irregular towards the healthy black line or border portion of the leaf • Symptoms occur where water collects on the leaf. • SOD lesions may appear on the edge or even the base of the stem depending Brown, black, or gray on how the leaf is carried by the plant. leaf tips and/or blotches
More on bay laurel symptoms • Not all leaves will display symptoms (as few as one leaf may have them) • Usually in lower canopy (thank god!) • Look at each side of tree for 20 seconds before making your decision • Sample trees that are at least 100 yards away
Where are bay laurels? • Near the coast almost everywhere oaks and redwoods grow • As one moved inland, they become more riparian • Riparian areas or ridsetops could be new infestation sites if within 2 miles from established outbreaks
SOD Symptoms on Tanoak, sample 100 yds apart Asymptomatic Tanoak (DO NOT sample) Blackened petiole and midvein Usually surrounded by Yellow or brown leaf Leaf blotches on tissue tanoak that are not UC Berkeley Forest Pathology and Mycology Laboratory - SOD http://www.matteolab.org
2-Put Leaves in 1-Collect five leaves with symptoms small envelope 4-GPS: to identify location 3-Flag Tree
SODmap Mobile:
We recommend using the free app SODmap Mobile to map your trees with your iPhone or Android device! Available on iTunes and Google Play Tapping the Risk button will give you the Lat, Long, and Risk at your current site. When you reach the next site tap SODMAP and then RISK again to reset and get the new Lat and Long
If a GPS/smartphone is not available: • On the small collecting envelope or datasheet, write down as much as you can to help you remember where each sample was collected (address, side of street, landmarks) • At home, download and turn on Google Earth • Redo your collecting walk on the computer • Put the mouse on the estimated location of a tree you sampled • At the bottom of the page, you will see Lat. and Long.
Google Earth
Record GPS coordinates
Use White Labels for Trees with SOD Symptoms
Do NOT round off numbers for Lat. and Long.
Look for symptoms on oaks and tanoaks near bay trees (within 50 yards) Lesion killing the tree is Viscous below the Good smell Dead Oak bleeding but Black to amber cannot be sed No wounds (Lower trunk)
• If trees have metal tags record number on datasheet • Tags are usually found on the north side of the tree at breast height 2985
Complete Collection Packet Label Fill in the feedback questionnaire Return Samples to “Collector”
Important notes when collecting: • Keep samples in cool, shady spots • Do not expose to sunlight or heat (do not leave in cars!) • Do not put in freezer (fridge also not recommended) • Return packets to the collection box by the deadline
After collecting: • Do not bring any plant material home with you besides what you collected for the BLITZ once it has been placed in the collecting envelopes inside the large manila envelope • Clean all mud from shoes; if possible use brush on site • If very muddy, change shoes as you get to car and then wash in tub or sink at home. Do NOT scrub in your yard.
THANK YOU! Program funded by USFS State & Private Forestry and the PG & E Foundation Your Local Blitz Organizers
SOD Blitzes 2017 Useful URLs: www.matteolab.org www.thefaqs.org www.sodblitz.org www.sodmap.org www.sodmapmobile.org
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