An Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales Using Proppian Content Descriptors ECAI 2010 workshop on: Language Technology for Cultural Heritage, Social Sciences, and Humanities Thierry Declerck, Antonia Scheidel Piroska Lendvai
Motivation Background Projects CLARIN, D-SPIN aim to provide an integrated and interoperable research infrastructure of language resources and LT to support eHumanities (among others) So why start with fairy tales? • Large, high-quality corpora (Gutenberg project, Afánas'ev collection of Russian folktales, ...) • Possibilities for comparison of fairy tales across cultures and languages • Structure has been studied extensively Proppian Content Descriptors in an Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales
What makes a Fairy Tale? 1. The Cast: 7 Archetypes 1. The Villain 2. The Princess (and Her Father) 3. The Dispatcher 4. The Hero 5. The Donor 6. The (magical) Helper 7. The False Hero Proppian Content Descriptors in an Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales
What makes a Fairy Tale? 1. The Cast: 7 Archetypes Vladimir Propp, 1895-1970 1. The Villain 2. The Princess (and Her Father) 3. The Dispatcher 4. The Hero 5. The Donor 6. The (magical) Helper Morphology of 7. The False Hero the Folktale Proppian Content Descriptors in an Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales
⬇ ⬆ What makes a Fairy Tale? 2. The Story: 31 Functions Dénouement Q Hero recognized Struggle + Return Preparation 27 α ε K O Ex Lack is Initial Info. Arrival in Impostor exposed liquidated Situation sought Disguise 0 4 19 23 28 L T β ζ H False Trans- Struggle Absen- Info. Hero Claims figuration tation obtained returns Complication Donors 1 5 20 24 16 29 η C F γ D J Pr M U A Trickery Counter- Magical Test Branding Pursuit Difficult Punish- Inter- Villainy / action Helper Task ment diction Lack 2 6 8 10 12 14 17 21 25 30 E G δ θ B I Rs N W Pass Guidance Mediation Victory Rescue Solution Wedding Interdict. Fall for Hero Test violated Trick departs 3 7 13 22 26 9 11 15 18 31 Proppian Content Descriptors in an Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales
⬇ ⬆ Example 1: Little Red Riding Hood Q Scheme: αγδ [ εζ ] ³ [ ηθ ] ³ ABC IK ExU Hero recognized 27 α ε K O Ex Lack is Initial Info. Arrival in Impostor The better to exposed liquidated Situation sought Disguise eat you with, 0 4 19 23 28 L T β ζ H my dear! False Trans- Struggle Absen- Info. Hero Claims figuration tation obtained returns 1 5 20 24 16 29 η C F γ D J Pr M U A Trickery Counter- Magical Test Branding Pursuit Difficult Punish- Inter- Villainy / action Helper Task ment diction Lack 2 6 8 10 12 14 17 21 25 30 E G δ θ B I Rs N W Pass Guidance Mediation Victory Rescue Solution Wedding Interdict. Fall for Hero Test violated Trick departs 3 7 13 22 26 9 11 15 18 31 Proppian Content Descriptors in an Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales
⬇ ⬇ ⬆ Example 2: The Magic Swan-Geese Q Q αγβδ ABC ↑ [D¬E¬F] ³ G DEF HK ↓ [PrDEF = Rs] ³ Hero Hero recognized recognized 27 α ε K K O O Ex Ex Lack is Lack is Initial Info. Arrival in Arrival in Impostor Impostor exposed exposed liquidated liquidated Situation sought Disguise Disguise 0 4 19 23 28 L L T T β ζ H H False False Trans- Trans- Struggle Struggle Absen- Info. Hero Hero Claims Claims figuration figuration tation obtained returns returns 1 5 20 24 16 29 η C F F γ D D J J Pr Pr M M U U A Trickery Counter- Magical Magical Test Test Branding Branding Pursuit Pursuit Difficult Difficult Punish- Punish- Inter- Villainy / action Helper Helper Task Task ment ment diction Lack 2 6 8 10 12 14 17 21 25 30 E E G G δ θ B I I Rs Rs N N W W Pass Pass Guidance Guidance Mediation Victory Victory Rescue Rescue Solution Solution Wedding Wedding Interdict. Fall for Hero Test Test violated Trick departs 3 7 13 22 26 9 11 15 18 31 Proppian Content Descriptors in an Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales
⬇ ⬇ ⬆ ⬆ Example 2: The Magic Swan-Geese Q Q αγβδ ABC ↑ [D¬E¬F] ³ G DEF HK ↓ [PrDEF = Rs] ³ Hero Hero recognized recognized 27 α ε K K O O Ex Ex Lack is Lack is Initial Info. Arrival in Arrival in Impostor Impostor Once upon a time a man and a exposed exposed liquidated liquidated Situation sought Disguise Disguise 0 4 19 23 28 woman lived with their daughter L L T T β ζ H H False False Trans- Trans- Struggle Struggle Absen- Info. Hero Hero and small son. Claims Claims figuration figuration tation obtained returns returns 1 5 20 24 16 29 "Dearest daughter," said the η C C F F γ D D J J Pr Pr M M U U A Trickery Counter- Counter- Magical Magical Test Test Branding Branding Pursuit Pursuit Difficult Difficult Punish- Punish- Inter- Villainy / mother, "we are going to work. action action Helper Helper Task Task ment ment diction Lack 2 6 8 10 12 14 17 21 25 30 Look after your brother! Don't go E E G G δ θ B I I Rs Rs N N W W Pass Pass Guidance Guidance Mediation Victory Victory Rescue Rescue Solution Solution Wedding Wedding Interdict. Fall for out into the yard, be a good girl, Hero Hero Test Test violated Trick departs departs and we'll buy you a handkerchief." 3 7 13 22 26 9 11 15 18 31 Proppian Content Descriptors in an Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales
⬇ ⬆ Example 2: The Magic Swan-Geese Q αγβδ ABC ↑ [D¬E¬F] ³ G DEF HK ↓ [PrDEF = Rs] ³ Hero recognized 27 α ε K O Ex Lack is Initial Info. Arrival in Impostor Once upon a time a man and a exposed liquidated Situation sought Disguise 0 4 19 23 28 woman lived with their daughter L T β ζ H False Trans- Struggle Absen- Info. Hero and small son. Claims figuration tation obtained returns 1 5 20 24 16 29 "Dearest daughter," said the η C F γ D J Pr M U A Trickery Counter- Magical Test Branding Pursuit Difficult Punish- Inter- Villainy / mother, "we are going to work. action Helper Task ment diction Lack 2 6 8 10 12 14 17 21 25 30 Look after your brother! Don't go E G δ θ B I Rs N W Pass Guidance Mediation Victory Rescue Solution Wedding Interdict. Fall for out into the yard, be a good girl, Hero Test violated Trick departs and we'll buy you a handkerchief." 3 7 13 22 26 9 11 15 18 31 Proppian Content Descriptors in an Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales
A Two-Part Problem Our aim is to annotate fairy tales (semi)automatically. Proppian Content Descriptors in an Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales
A Two-Part Problem Our aim is to annotate fairy tales (semi)automatically. How? Proppian Content Descriptors in an Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales
A Two-Part Problem Our aim is to annotate fairy tales (semi)automatically. Using what exactly? How? Proppian Content Descriptors in an Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales
A Two-Part Problem Our aim is to annotate fairy tales (semi)automatically. Using what exactly? How? Annotation Schema Strategy Proppian Content Descriptors in an Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales
Annotation Schemes for Fairy Tales 1: PftML (Proppian fairy tale Markup Language) • Developed by Scott A. Malec • Faithful to the 31 functions • Inline XML annotation (paragraph / sentence-wise) Drawbacks: • Not very flexible • Coarse-grained Proppian Content Descriptors in an Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales
Annotation Schemes for Fairy Tales 1: PftML (Proppian fairy tale Markup Language) • Developed by Scott A. Malec • Faithful to the 31 functions • Inline XML annotation (paragraph / sentence-wise) Drawbacks: • Not very flexible • Coarse-grained Proppian Content Descriptors in an Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales
A Closer Look at a Proppian Function Subfunctions: β ¹ : Absentation of Elders β ² : Death of Parents β β ³ : Absentation of Youth Absentation "Frame": 1 • Performer of absentation • Form of absentation • Motivation cf. FrameNet: Fillmore and Baker, A Frame Approach to Semantic Analysis (2010) Proppian Content Descriptors in an Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales
Sources for PftML 7 characters Proppian "frames" 31 Morphology functions of the Folktale PftML Proppian Content Descriptors in an Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales
Annotation Schemes for Fairy Tales 2: Our Approach: APftML (Augmented PftML) • First "Propp complete" annotation scheme • Will allow semi-automatic annotation of fairy tales Prototype will be presented at • CLARIN/DARIAH conference (Oct. 19-20, Vienna) • and AMICUS workshop (Oct. 21, Vienna) Proppian Content Descriptors in an Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales
"Propp complete"? APftML 7 characters Proppian "frames" 31 Morphology functions of the Folktale PftML Proppian Content Descriptors in an Augmented Annotation Schema for Fairy Tales
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