African SgurrEnergy projects Clients/funders include: Egypt - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

African SgurrEnergy projects Clients/funders include: Egypt • World Bank/IFC Solar PV Eritrea • AFD Solar PV, • transmission USAID Senegal Solar PV • OPIC Djibouti • Scottish Government Solar PV Guinea Somaliland Solar PV Wind-diesel Ethiopia Solar PV, wind, Burkina Faso transmission, Solar PV micro-grid Kenya Ghana Wind, solar PV, Solar PV, micro-grid, hybrid micro-grid Nigeria Mozambique Solar PV Solar PV Malawi Hydropower micro-grid, Angola wind Solar PV South Africa Wind, solar PV

The Elements of Success TECHNOLOGIES Sustainable Energy Future POLICIES FINANCE

Divergent goals Baltra, Santa Cruz, Galapagos Renewable - H2 Energy System H2 Electrolyzer Hydrogen Storage Fueling Wind Turbine Fuel Cells Short-term or Engines Energy Storage PV Array Heat Recovery Legend Electric line Military Airport Loads H2 piping Loads Balancer Load Heat stream

Historical LCoE in wind and solar

Stabilization/storage tools To maintain dependable power supply: Power demand • Storage – Mature: batteries – lead-acid, molten salt – Mature: pumped storage hydro/flywheels – Developing: redox batteries (e.g. VRB, Plurion) – Future: may bring hydrogen • Control systems – Demand management Generation – Generation management – Backup power – Voltage and frequency control.

Appropriate Technology Rotary Converter – DC  AC

Carriacou Island – Grenada 2014 High penetration static based architecture => project funding cancelled

Battery storage costs • Tesla currently selling power Powerwall at $250/kWh imply an all in systems cost of no more than $500/kWh. • Life time costs translates to LCoE of $0.15/kWh or less. • Offtake pricing for Solar PV in India is currently $0.07/kWh. • Northern European offtake pricing for solar PV circa $0.09/kWh • Base load solar at $0.22/kWh to $0.24/kWh from sun blessed countries to Northern Europe

Significant Opportunities • Africa • Caribbean • Islands • Smarter grid Somaliland – February 2015

Levelised cost of electricity