Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET) Network - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Asia-Pacific Mercury Monitoring Network Workshop Minamata, Japan, June 22-23, 2015 Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET) Network Center for EANET Ken YAMASHITA Asia Center for Air Pollution Research (ACAP) Secretariat (UNEP RRC.AP) 1 In Japan In Thailand

Table of Contents 1. Outline of EANET 2. Recent progress of EANET 3. Activities of ACAP

1. . Outl Outline of of EANE EANET 3

酸性雨問題に対する世界の取組 Regional Air Pollution Monitoring Networks EANET CAPMoN EMEP NEASPEC REAP LTP NADP MALÉ HAZE IDAF LBA NADP – National Atmospheric Deposition Program CAPMoN – Canadian Air Pollution Monitoring Network EMEP – European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme LBA - Large-scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia WMO/GAW IDAF - IGAC/DEBITS/Africa REAP: Framework Convention on Environmental Protection for Sustainable Development in Central Asia

History  1993-1997 Expert meetings (4 times)  1998 ADORC established to play the role of the Interim Network Center  1998-2000 Preparatory Phase Activities of EANET (IG1, IG2)  2001 EANET established officially. Regular phase of EANET started based on “Joint Announcement” and “Tentative Design“ adopted at IG2 (2000)  2010 “Instrument for Strengthening EANET” was adopted at IG12 Renamed of ADORC to ACAP  2012 “Instrument for Strengthening EANET” was operated 5

De Devel elop opme ment nt of of EANE NET 2015 2013 2011 2007 2009 2005 2003 1998 1999 2000 2001 Regular phase Preparatory phase Instrument (13 countries) (10 countries ) Cambodia Myanmar Lao PDR IG12 IG1 IG2 IG7 “Instrument for “Joint Announcement” Implementation of “Niigata Decision” Strengthening “Tentative design” Preparatory-Phase EANET” Activities 6

Objectives and Scope IG12 in 2010  to create a common understanding of the state of the acid deposition problems in East Asia  to provide useful inputs for decision-making at local, national and regional levels aimed at preventing or reducing adverse impacts on the environment caused by acid deposition  to contribute to cooperation on the issues related to acid deposition among the participating countries.  The scope of this instrument may be extended, as decided by the IG 7

Major Maj or ac activi vities of es of EANET 1. Promotion of acid deposition monitoring (national monitoring plan(NMP)) ・ wet deposition, dry deposition, soil & vegetation, inland aquatic environment, catchment 2. Compilation, evaluation, storage and provision of data ・ Development of periodic reports (5 years) 3. Promotion of quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) ・ Inter laboratory comparison project 4. Technical support and capacity building ・ Dispatch of technical missions ・ Training activities, technical assistance 5. Research activities ・ Directions of research activities by SAC ・ Joint researches with participating countries ・ Fellowship research program 6. Promotion of public awareness ・ Development of materials (Report for Policy Makers/RPM) 7. Cooperation with other international bodies 8 ・ NADP, EMEP, WMO etc.

EANET organizational structure Intergovernmental Meeting Scientific Advisory Committee 4 Task Forces Dry Deposition Monitoring Network Center Secretariat Soil/vegetation Monitoring (RRC.AP ) (ACAP) Monitoring Instrumentation Network QA/QC Manager Research Coordination Tech. Man. Air Conc. Moni. 1 Expert Group National Focal Point National Center QA/QC Manager Participating Country Note: The Secretariat will move to UNEP ROAP in Bangkok in the near future. 9 Source: the Network Center for EANET

Asia Center for Air Pollution Research (ACAP) (Niigata, Japan) Handl andle scientific and and tec echni nical mat atters of of EANET ACAP in J n Japan apan is des design gnated d as as N Net etwork Cent enter by by I IG Dr. Kazuhiko Sakamoto DG 10 http://www.eanet.asia/ http://www.acap.asia/

Sec ecret etariat f for EANE NET  Manage the administrative and financial arrangements of EANET  United Nations Environment Programme, Regional Resource Centre for Asia and the Pacific (UNEP/RRC.AP) in Thailand is designated as the Secretariat by IG Dr. Supat Wangwongwatana Coordinator EANET Secretariat 11

Participating Countries of EANET  Des esigna nate t the N he Nat ation onal Foc ocal al P Poi oint ( (NFP)  Dev evel elop op and i and impl plem ement t the N he Nat ation onal Moni onitoring P Plan an  Des esigna nate t the N he Nat ation onal Cent enter 12

Financ Fi ncial A Arrange geme ment  National Monitoring: Borne by each country  Administrative and operational cost of EANET: Financed by voluntary contributions by participating countries  Budget for 2013 ・ Secretariat: Around $473,340 ・ Network Center: Around $1,138,263 (contribution to NC from participating countries: $393,418) 13

3. Recent Progress of EANET 14

EANET Monitoring Activities Scientific Advisory Country A Country C Committee Guidelines Manuals (Work Plan) Country B Country D Data Monitoring incorporating; Data - Monitoring Sites Report - Monitoring Methods - QA/QC programs Network Center http://www.eanet.asia - Compilation, evaluation, storage of data - QA/QC Program Monitoring data: By the end of June 15 (Inter-lab. data: By the end of February)

Wet/Dry Deposition Monitoring Sites (54/47 sites) (2013) Wet/dry Russia: 4/4 Mongolia: 2/2 China: 8/3 R. of Korea: 3/3 Japan: 12/12 Philippines: 3/3 Vietnam: 4/4 Lao PDR: 1/1 Cambodia: 1/1 Thailand: 6/6 Myanmar: 1/1 Malaysia: 4/3 Indonesia: 5/4 16

Ecological Impacts Monitoring sites (2013) Soil & Vegetation 20 area 29 forest Soil/Forest/Inland Inland Aquatic aquatic Environment Soil/Forest Soil 18 Sites Inland aquatic 17

EANET Monitoring Sites in 2013/2014 Number of monitoring sites Total Urban Rural Remote Wet Deposition* 54 (57*) 21 (22*) 13 (14*) 20 (21*) Dry Deposition* 47 (50*) 17 (18*) 12 (13*) 18 (19*) 19 areas Soil 28 forests 18 areas Vegetation 24 forests Inland Aquatic 18 (5) (7) (6) Environment lakes/rivers Catchment** 1 (1) * Vietnam will establish 3 wet/dry deposition monitoring sites. ** Philippines is preparing to establish a new catchment site. 18

EANET Monitoring Sites Russia Mongolia R. of Korea China 19

Vietnam 20 Lao PDR Philippines Japan

Thailand Cambodia Myanmar Malaysia Indonesia 21

Thailand Mongolia Japan Philippines Monitoring Sites (soil/vegetation, Inland aquatic environment) 22

Monitoring components Wet deposition Monitoring interval: every 24 hours or every precipitation event Parameters: pH, EC, concentrations of SO 4 2- , NO 3 - , Cl - , NH 4 + , Na + , K + , Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ Dry deposition Monitoring interval: every two weeks to one month/ every hour (automatic instrument) Parameters: concentrations of SO 2 , NO 2 , NO, O 3 and PM, meteorological measurement Soil and vegetation Monitoring interval: every 3-5 years Parameters: (Soil) pH, exchangeable base cations (Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , and Mg 2+ ), exchangeable acidity, effective cation, exchangeable capacity (ECEC) and others (Vegetation) observation of tree decline Inland aquatic environment Monitoring interval: more than four times a year / once a year / once in 3-5 years Parameters: pH, EC, alkalinity, DOC / water color / sediment Catchment-scale Monitoring items: rain water, stream water, air concentration, soil chemistry 23

Data report on the Acid Deposition in the East Asian Region 2013 Chapter 4 Dry deposition (Air conc.) monitoring (Draft) SAC 14 2-4 September, 2014 Incheon, Republic of Korea Network Center for EANET 24

(Appendix Figs. 1-3 ～ 9, Data report 2013) Irkutsk Irkutsk Mondy Mondy Listvyanka Listvyanka Ulaanbaatar Tereij Rishiri Ulaanbaatar Tereij Rishiri Primorskaya Primorskaya Ochiishi Ochiishi Tappi Tappi Sado-seki Sado-seki Kanghwa Kanghwa Oki Oki Happo Happo Imsil Imsil Tokyo Ijira Tokyo Ijira Jinyunshan Cheju Yusuhara Yusuhara Cheju Banryu Banryu Ogasawara Hongwen Ogasawara HoaBinh HoaBinh Hongwen Hedo Hedo ChiangMai XiangZhou ChiangMai Yangon Hanoi Yangon Hanoi Mt.Sto.Tomas Mt.Sto.Tomas Khanchanaburi Metro Manila Los Banos Khanchanaburi Metro Manila Los Banos Nakhon Ratchasima Nakhon Ratchasima Bangkok Bangkok Samutprakarn Patumthani Patumthani Phnom Penh Annual SO 2 Phnom Penh Annual SO 4 2- Tanah Rata Tanah Rata Danum Danum Valley Valley Petaling Jaya Petaling Jaya Kototabang Jakarta Serpong Bandung Serpong No data < 1.2 1.2-2.4 2.4-3.6 3.6-4.8 4.8< ( µ g/m 3 ) No data < 0.5 0.5-1.5 1.5-2.5 2.5-3.5 3.5< (ppb) 25

Mondy Rishiri Rishiri Ochiishi Ochiishi Tappi Tappi Sado-seki Sado-seki Kanghwa(NO 2 ) Kanghwa Oki Oki Happo Happo Imsil(NO 2 ) Imsil Ijira Ijira Jinyunshan Cheju Yusuhara Yusuhara Cheju Banryu Banryu (NO 2 ) Ogasawara Ogasawara Hongwen(NO 2 ) Hedo Hedo ChiangMai ChiangMai XiangZhou(NO 2 ) Khanchanaburi Khanchanaburi Bangkok Bangkok Samutprakarn Samutprakarn Annual NO x Annual O 3 NO 2 Kototabang (NO 2 ) Jakarta(NO 2 ) Bandung(NO 2 ) No data < 1.0 1.0-2.0 2.0-4.0 4.0-16.0 16.0< (ppb) No data < 15 15-25 25-35 35-45 45< (ppb) 26