A Holistic and Sustainable Care Center Project Typology - His istory ry & & Trends Tatiana Acosta | Thayse Darzi | Elisabet Lyon | Esperanza Muino
1 TYPOLOGY HIS ISTORY 2 TRENDS 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS GUID IDELINES
Typology History
HEALTHCARE HISTORY Healt lthcare Defin inition Orig igins According to the medical definition of the Merr erria iam -Webster r Dictionary Hea ealt lthcare is the maintaining and restoration of health by the treatment and prevention of disease especially by trained and licensed professionals .. The healt lthcare has its origin from the beginning of human life on earth. Since then it has been constantly Holi listic Medic icin ine Defin init ition evolving according to the evolution of human beings. Holi listic medicine is a form of heali ling that considers the whole le person -- body, mind, spirit, and emotions -- in the quest for optimal health and wellness. According to the ho holi listic ic medic icin ine phil ilosophy, one can achieve optimal healt lth -- the primary goal of holistic medicine practice -- by gaining 1 proper bal balance in in life. Source: WebMD Health & Balance at webmd.com/balance/guide/what-is-holistic-medicine
HEALTHCARE TIM IMELINE 3 9 11 11 1 7 5 Figure 6 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 1 Figure 2 2600 BC The Egyptian Imhotep 1010 James Blundell Wilhelm Conrad Avicenna writes The Anton van describes the diagnosis performs the first Roentgen discovers Book of Healing and Leeuwenhoek 1818 2006 1670 1895 and treatment of 200 successful x-rays. The Canon of Medicine First vaccine to target discovers blood cells diseases. transfusion of human a cause of cancer blood. 1489 1867 1967 1796 460 BC Birth of Hippocrates, the Edward Jenner develops Joseph Lister develops the Dr. Christian Barnard Greek father of medicine the process of use of antiseptic surgical performs the first Leonardo da Vinci begins the scientific study vaccination for small methods and publishes human heart dissects corpses of medicine and prescribes pox, the first vaccine for Antiseptic Principle of the transplant. a form of aspirin any disease. Practice of Surgery 6 10 10 1 8 2 4 Figure 11 Figure 7 Figure 10 Figure 8 Figure 9
HOLISTIC HEALTHCARE TIM IMELINE 1 7 3 5 9 11 Figure 13 American Institute for Figure 15 Figure 16 It is concluded in the longest and Journal of the Royal College of Homeopathy is formed, which is 1987 largest randomized trial of first medical association in the General Practitioners releases Figure 14 Figure 17 acupuncture for patients with their findings on alternative United States. This is significant Figure 12 medicine, concluding that it is osteoarthritis in their knees that because the first medical British Medical New research reveals how 2500 BC First herbal remedies acupuncture was effective when association for medical becoming increasingly popular 1985 Association dismisses a plant used in traditional and acupuncture 2004 complementing traditional 1844 with both patients and doctors. purposes to be formed was alternative medicine, 2015 Chinese medicine techniques are used in medicine in relieving pain and formed for a branch of This shows that despite AMA and which is highly regarded produces compounds Chinese medicine . The improving function. Scientific BMA claims that it is not alternative medicine. The by the doctors of Great which may help to treat start of this medicine scientifically-proven medicine, data that locks of skeptics say is American Medical Association is Britain. cancer and liver diseases . dates back to very early lacking in alternative medicine. not formed until 1847 alternative medicine has is growing. days in China . Homeopathic treatments emerge, Naturopathic Physicians National Council of 1853 New York Hygiea-Therapeutic 1790s founded in Germany by Dr. Samuel Licensing Exams (NPLEX) is Center for Disease Control Complementary and Alternative College is the first natural Hahnemann. The first form of founded. This makes sure releases info that 50 percent of 1986 Medicine (NCCAM) is brought healing medical school that alternative medicine that is still that alternative medicine Americans use some form into the National Institutes of you can ear a medical doctorate practiced today. Significant to the start practitioners are licensed, Complementary and Alternative Health (NIH) by Congress, which at in 4 years. First college to of alternative medicine in the modern just like doctors are, and are Medicine, which shows that is an official part of the U.S. 2007 support alternative medicine. 1999 era. held to a code of standards popularity continues to grow Department of Health and Human Services. 2 4 6 8 10 1 Figure 19 Figure 20 Figure 21 Figure 22 Figure 18
HOLISTIC MEDICINE VS TRADITIONAL MEDICINE Holis listic ic Medici icine Trad aditional Medicin ine Philo ilosophy Based on the integration of allopathic (MD), Based on allopathic medicine. osteopathic (DO), naturopathic (ND), energy, and ethno-medicine. To promote optimal health and as a by-product, to To cure or mitigate disease. Prim rimary Objecti tive e of of Ca Care prevent and treat disease. Empower patients to heal themselves by addressing Focus on the elimination of physical symptoms. Prim rimary Meth thod of of Ca Care the causes of their disease and facilitating lifestyle changes through health promotion. Evaluate the whole person through holistic medical Evaluate the body with history, physical exam, lab Dia Diagn gnosis history, holistic health score sheet, physical exam, data. lab data. Love applied to body, mind, and spirit with: diet, Drugs and surgery Prim rimary Ca Care e Treatment exercise, environmental measures, attitudinal and Optio tions behavioral modifications, relationship and spiritual counseling, bioenergy enhancement. Botanical (herbal) medicine, homeopathy, Diet, exercise, physical therapy, and stress Sec econdary Ca Care Treatment Optio tions acupuncture, manual medicine, biomolecular management. therapies, physical therapy, drugs, and surgery. Shortage of holistic physicians and training Ineffective in preventing and curing chronic disease; Weaknesses programs; time-intensive, requiring a commitment expensive. to a healing process, not a quick-fix. Teaches patients to take responsibility for their own Highly therapeutic in treating both acute and life- Str trength ths health, and in so doing is: cost-effective in treating threatening illness and injuries. both acute and chronic illness; therapeutic in preventing and treating chronic disease; essential in creating optimal health. This information was adapted from material that Dr. Ivker created during his term as president of the Ame Americ ican Ho Holistic ic Med Medic ical l As Associa iatio ion (1996 – 1999). It originally appeared in the Winter 1999 issue of “Holistic Medicine: The Journal of The American Holistic Medical As soc iation” and was updated for AHHA in June of 2010.
HOLISTIC HEALTHCARE H HISTORY Th Ther ere ar are e thr three an ancie ient med edic ical l tr trad adit itions in n hol holis istic ic he health th: Holis istic healt lth practitioners have many different approaches when it comes to healing, They have an idea that healing is most efficient when you focus on the whole person, instead of illnesses, body Ayurveda – Ayurveda originates from India. It is an ancient medical parts or warnings. As Socrates es said in the 4th century B.C., “the tradition which derives from a script written by sushruta known as part rt can never be be well ell unles less th the whole le is is well ell. ” the “ father of of surgery“ in in 6th th century ry B.C. The healing procedure combines beliefs in the five great elements of the universe which are the seven essential factors of the body and the three “ doshas ” or biological spirits that each symbolize. Herbal medicine – Herbal medicine gives importance to holistic balance and is the most ancient form of healthcare known to humanity. People of indigenous background have used herbs to extract its medicinal components. Herbalism is a variable element of TCM CM an an Ayurveda. Figure 23 Anci cien ent Root oots of of Ho Holi listic He Health th Source: http://www.naturalhealers.com/holistic-health-history/ Before there was penicil illin in or or x-rays, healers focused on the importance of emotional and spiritual health to attain physical well being. Two of the better known holistic methods are traditional Chinese medicine and Ayurveda. TCM dates back 5,000 000 years ago and has continued into a sophisticated system of preventative methods that treat a variety of symptoms. From its origins, TCM considered the human body as small universe of mutually dependent systems. The most important elements are “ qi qi “ which is life force and “ shen en ” which is a spirit. Figure 24
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