A Fully-Flexible Internet Architecture for the Next-Generation - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

2 nd Visions for Future Communications Summit Technologies and Services Towards 6G Introducing FlexNGIA: A Fully-Flexible Internet Architecture for the Next-Generation Tactile Internet Mohamed Faten Zhani École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS Montreal) Canada Lisbon, Portugal, November 28, 2019

Outline • A Glance into the Future • Limitations of Today’s Internet • FlexNGIA: Fully-Flexible Next-Generation Internet Architecture • Use Cases • Research Challenges Keynote at ACM SIGCOMM 2019 Workshop on Networking for Emerging Applications and Technologies (NEAT 2019) • M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury, “ FlexNGIA: A Flexible Internet Architecture for the Next-Generation Tactile Internet ,” • ArXiV 1905.07137, May 17, 2019 https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137 2

A Glance into the Future Future Applications • Telepresence • Virtual Reality • Augmented Reality • Holoportation • Haptics • … 3 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137)

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Welcome to the Matrix 5 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137)

Future Applications Requirements & Characteristics • Characteristics o Octopus-like applications: huge number of flows for each application o Changing requirements : requirements can change over time • Requirements: o High processing power: real-time processing o High bandwidth (e.g., VR (16K, 240 fps)  31.85 Gbps) o Ultra-low Latency: 1ms to 20ms o Multi-flow synchronization o High availability 6 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137)

Outline • A Glance into the Future • Limitations of Today’s Internet • FlexNGIA: Fully-Flexible Next-Generation Internet Architecture • Use cases • Research Challenges 7 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137)

Today’s Internet Limitations ISP4 • A network of networks ISP3 o No control over E2E performance ISP2 o Offered service: “Best effort”  data delivery.. no more ISP1 Transport Layer Protocols • o One-size-fits-all service offering: TCP offers reliability, packet retransmission, congestion and flow control o Blind congestion control o The two end points limitation o Same limitations are inherited by QUIC and SCTP 8 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137)

Today’s Internet Limitations (2) • Network layer protocols and services o Not aware of the applications characteristics and requirements (which flow belongs to which app?, priorities?) o No collaboration with upper layers (transport, application) • The network knows better about the congestion (e.g., location, severity) • The network could help with reliability (e.g., retransmission)… • Packet header o Not easy to include metadata or commands o Whose is going to use such metadata/commands? 9 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137)

Outline • A Glance into the Future • Limitations of Today’s Internet • FlexNGIA: Fully-Flexible Next-Generation Internet Architecture • Use cases • Research Challenges 10 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137)

FlexNGIA FlexNGIA Flexible Computing Cross-layer Design Application-Aware Business model headers resources (Transport+Network) Network Services - Breaking the - Network - Advanced functions - Tailored - In-Network end-to-end paradigm providers offer tailored to to the Computing: Service Function - In-network advanced applications application any function Chains/meshes transport functions - App-aware traffic anywhere - Stringent engineering - Better congestion control performance - Stringent performance requirements and reliability guarantees 11 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137)

Future Internet Services Service Function Chain/Mesh (SFC): Function S0 Service Chain Multiple sources and destinations S1 • D=13 NAT IDS S2 Firewall Define your Network Functions: type, software, • behavior, input/output packet format, expected Mapping processing delay, buffer size 11 0 Define communication protocols • Infrastructure 13 10 Physical S Source (layer 3 and above) 8 D Destination 3 7 1 POP Define performance requirements 6 12 • 4 Link 2 Mapped (e.g., throughput, packet loss, end-to-end delay, jitter) instance 9 Virtual Link 5 12 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137)

Network Protocol Stack/Functions OSAP • Basic Network Functions Application-aware Application Network Functions Application Assistant (e.g., packet forwarding) Monitoring & Measurement Transport Network Functions • Advanced Network Functions: Transport and Traffic Transport Assistant Engineering Network Network Functions o Could operate at any layer Link o Only limited by our imagination o Examples: packet grouping, caching and retransmission, data processing (e.g., image/video cropping, compression, rendering, ML), application-aware flow multiplexing (e.g., incorporating/merging data)  Functions could break the end-to-end principle  SDN++: SDN should go beyond configuring forwarding rules and should provide the ability to dynamically configure these new functions 13 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137)

Outline • A Glance into the Future • Limitations of Today’s Internet • FlexNGIA: Fully-Flexible Next-Generation Internet Architecture • Use Cases • Research Challenges 14 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137)

Application-Aware Network Services Application Assistant (AA) AA S0 AA D0 One AA at each end-point • Interfaces with objects/sensors • AA D1 AA S1 NF 13 NF 12 Measures the application performance • NF 11 AA D2 and user QoE AA S2 Identifies the applications’ requirements • Sensors/ S Traffic Source at run-time objects D Traffic Destination Adds additional metadata to be used • Application AA by subsequent Network Functions Assistant Sensors/objects  Application-Aware Network Services 15 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137)

Network-Assisted Reliable Data Transport Network-Assisted • Goal Transport S0 D=13 o Minimize retransmission delay Transport Assistant o Improved congestion control • Solution: service chain with a "transport Mapping Assistant" function 11 0 Infrastructure • Services of the Transport Assistant: 13 10 Physical 8 o Combines transport and network layers 3 7 1 6 12 o Cache and retransmit packets 4 2 o Detect packet loss 9 5 o Routing and congestion control: adjusting rate, S Source dropping packets D Destination POP Link Mapped instance 16 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137) Virtual Link

Mixed Virtual Reality and Holograms Users are exploring a virtual reality • AA H1 D1 AA Service Function Application s environment with several human AA AA H2 D2 Chain Video Encoder Transport holograms and objects AA VR AA D3 Cropper Assistant Sources Holograms + Virtual reality Destinations Challenges • 0 3 o How many intermediate functions? 11 Topology 6 8 Virtual 1 4 o What kind of functions? 12 9 7 o How the traffic should steered from the 13 2 5 flow sources? Mapping o How many instances for each function? S Traffic Source o Where to place them? D 11 Traffic Destination 0 Point of Presence 13 10 Example of deployement • Infrastructure Physical Link Physical 8 Mapped Instance o Encoder: encode and compress video 3 7 1 Virtual Link o Transport manager: congestion control 6 12 Application AA 4 Assistant 2 o Video cropper: crop 3D objects Sensors/objects Service Function 9 SFC Chain 5 17 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137)

Research Challenges • Designing Service Function Meshes tailored to applications • High-performance softwarized functions • Signaling • Slicing/Resource Allocation • Fault-tolerance and Failure Management • High-precision and fine-grained monitoring and measurements • SDN++ • Distributed cross-layer transport protocol (socket, caching, communication) • Security and Privacy 18 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137)

Looking for More Details? • Mohamed Faten Zhani, https://profs.etsmtl.ca/mfzhani/ • FlexNGIA Project: M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury, “ FlexNGIA: A Flexible Internet Architecture for the Next-Generation Tactile Internet ,”ArXiV 1905.07137, May 17, 2019 https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137 • Keynote at ACM SIGCOMM 2019 Workshop on Networking for Emerging Applications and Technologies (NEAT 2019) École de technolgie supérieure (ÉTS Montreal) University of Quebec, Canada 19 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137)

Thank You Questions 20 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137)

21 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137)

22 M. F. Zhani, H. ElBakoury - FlexNGIA 2019 (https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07137)