2015/02/15 CACTUS PEAR BY CACTUS PEAR BY CACTUS PEAR BY CACTUS - PDF document

2015/02/15 CACTUS PEAR BY CACTUS PEAR BY CACTUS PEAR BY CACTUS PEAR BY- - - -PRODUCTS: SHOW AND PRODUCTS: SHOW AND PRODUCTS: SHOW AND PRODUCTS: SHOW AND ELABORATION OF FOOD CONSERVES ELABORATION OF FOOD CONSERVES ELABORATION OF FOOD CONSERVES ELABORATION OF FOOD CONSERVES Vigueras, A. L. & L. Portillo BIOTECHNOLOGY,DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY AND ZOOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF GUADALAJARA-MEXICO CONABIO, la Red Nopal del Sistema Nacional de Recursos, Filogenéticos de SAGARPA y el Consejo Mexicano del Nopal y Tuna, A.C., DISTRIBUTION OF CACTUS PEAR IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES PRODUCTION SYSTEM IN MEXICO ITALY SPAIN Wild communities UNITES STATES 3,000.000 ha CHINA EGYPT, ISRAEL , (Forage, fruit, vegetable) MOROCCO, TUNISIA, ALGERIA PAKISTAN MÉXICO ERITREA INDIA Family orchard ETHIOPIA (Fruit, vegetable, forage) Uknown BRAZIL Intensive commercial plantation PERU NAMIBIA BOLIVIA (Vegetable, fruit, forage) +84,923.26 planted area SOUTH AFRICA AUSTRALIA CHILE ARGENTINA Sagarpa, 2013 SOME SPECIES AND VARIETIES OF CACTUS PEAR USED FOR NOPALITOS. Cactus pear as vegetable SPECIES VARIETY Nopalea cochenillifera � Opuntia ficus-indica Opuntia atropes Blanco � O. ficus-indica Milpa Alta O. joconostle � " " " Atlixco O. robusta " " " Copena V1 � " " " Copena F1 O. atropes � " " " Moradilla " " " Blanco " " “ Negro " " " Blanco with spines " " " Polotitlan " " " Alba " " “ Lutea " " " Asperma " " " Piriforme " " " Serotina " " " Italiana " " " Villanueva " " " Jalpa O. inermis=O. stricta Tlaconopal O. streptacantha Cardon O. robusta Tapon Nopalea cochenillifera Tamazunchale The remarkable species are: Opuntia ficus-indica, with the variety Copena V1 developed Bravo, 1978; Flores ,1995; De la Rosa and Santamaria, 1998; Blanco et al ., 1999. by F . Barrientos in 1960, is the most sought-after variety due to its excellent flavour and low acidity; Opuntia joconostle has fruits that are used mainly as vegetable or spice; O. robusta the cladodes are processed for exportation or sold on the local market. Currently, O. atropes is very popular in Jalisco state, because the consumers like its flavour and texture. 1

2015/02/15 HOW HARVEST CACTUS PEAR (CLADODE) ? Nopales or pads should be harvested when the pads are young and tender (15-20 cm large). Wear gloves and use sharp knife Peel the cactus pear Price: 1.850,00 € Washing water Made: México Cactus pear ready for comsuption Sales area : América Rise throughly removing any tiny spines or sticky fluid seeping from the pads. Slice into thin Order time: 7 a 15 days strips or chop into small pieces The Nopal Cleaning & Trimming Machine Patent No: 185320 FRUIT FRUIT FRUIT FRUIT “nopal cardon” ( O. streptacantha ) is sold locally or used by the rural agro-industry to produce candy (“queso de tuna”), marmalade (“melcocha”) or an alcoholic beverage (“colonche”). ORDERS MAD INDUSTRIAS Designed for almost all Nopal Varieties Monterrey, N.L. México Phone: (81)8374 17 43 (81)8283 08 13 Cell: (81)8162 10 44 Mail: mad@interclan.net SOME SPECIES UTILIZED FOR FRUIT SPECIES SPECIES SPECIES SPECIES COMMON NAME COMMON NAME COMMON NAME COMMON NAME Opuntia Opuntia alfajayuca alfajayuca Nopal Nopal alfacayuca alfacayuca Opuntia Opuntia alfajayuca alfajayuca Nopal Nopal alfacayuca alfacayuca O. O. O. O. amyclaea amyclaea amyclaea amyclaea O. ficus O. ficus O. ficus O. ficus- - - -indica indica indica indica Nopal de castilla Nopal de castilla Nopal de castilla Nopal de castilla O. O. O. O. hyptiacantha hyptiacantha hyptiacantha hyptiacantha O. O. O. O. leucotricha leucotricha leucotricha leucotricha Nopal duraznillo Nopal duraznillo Nopal duraznillo Nopal duraznillo O. O. O. O. megacantha megacantha megacantha megacantha Nopal tapón Nopal tapón Nopal tapón Nopal tapón O. O. streptacantha streptacantha Nopal cardón Nopal cardón O. O. streptacantha streptacantha Nopal cardón Nopal cardón O. tapona O. tapona Nopal tapón Nopal tapón O. tapona O. tapona Nopal tapón Nopal tapón O. robusta O. robusta Nopal camueso Nopal camueso O. O. robusta robusta Nopal Nopal camueso camueso Flores and Gallegos, 1993 Flores and Gallegos, 1993 Flores and Gallegos, 1993 Flores and Gallegos, 1993 2

2015/02/15 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION PROCESSING PROCESSING PROCESSING PROCESSING CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND NUTRITIVE VALUE CACTUS PEAR (NOPAL) AGE (YEAR) 1 - 4 FIBER 12.0 – 14.4% VITAMINE C 24 mg/100 g FAT 1.29-1.67% PROTEIN 2.4-5.5 % LOW SODIUM 2 mg/100 g WATER 90.1% HYGIENE MEASURES RULES It is recommended that the following rules are adhered to: 1. the workers should carefully wash their hands before any product processing operation. 2. the utensils and equipment will have to be properly cleaned before and after use, in order to remove dust and any possible organic particle. 3. the packaging, bottles and jars, will have to be washed with a hand- operated appliance and hot water. ATTENTION! ATTENTION! ATTENTION! ATTENTION! 4. before storage, the finished Hygiene Hygiene Hygiene Hygiene measures measures measures measures are are are are always always always always very very very very products will have to be washed, important, important, important, important, in in in in particular particular particular particular for for for for small small small small dried and properly labeled. enterprises enterprises enterprises enterprises. . . In . In the In In the the the absence absence absence of absence of such of of such such such measures, measures, the the products products will will be be liable liable measures, measures, the the products products will will be be liable liable to to contamination contamination by by bacteria, bacteria, yeasts yeasts to to contamination contamination by by bacteria, bacteria, yeasts yeasts and moulds and and and moulds moulds moulds 3

2015/02/15 Size of jars in Size of jars in Size of jars in Size of jars in mL mL mL mL Prre Prre- Prre Prre - - -sterilization sterilization sterilization sterilization Sterilization Sterilization Sterilization Sterilization of jars o bottles of jars o bottles (food) time in (food) time in of jars o bottles of jars o bottles (food) time in (food) time in minutes minutes minutes minutes 110 110 110 110 X X X X 30 30 ´ - 30 30 - - 60 - 60 60 60 ´ 230 230 X X 30 30 ´ - - 60 60 ´ 230 230 X X 30 30 - - 60 60 485 485 X X 30 ´ - 30 - 60 60 ´ 485 485 X X 30 30 - - 60 60 4

2015/02/15 MARKET Exportation Tempura (cactus pear) Sales of over $ 360,000 usd Hamberguer (cactus pear) Gourmet food! Some companies export to Europe Brine Now a food with nopal is considered Gourmet! this is not food for poor people! Only for people with good appetite! 5

2015/02/15 USE OF CACTUS PEAR AS FOOD IN OTHER COUNTRIES Training to 70 participants ETHIOPIA (Mekele, Adigrat and Mehoni) 35 recipes JAM (FRUIT AND CLADODE) 6

2015/02/15 SELATA BREAD DOMINIC REPUBLIC MORROCO 7

2015/02/15 Dankie IX INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON CACTUS PEAR AND COCHINEAL (CACTUSNET/FAO-ICARDA) Lagos de Moreno in Jalisco, Mexico July 26-30, 2016 Liberato Portillo Universidad de Guadalajara portillo@cencar.udg.mx UACh, UAAAN, UANL, UADEZ, UDGTO, UNAM, IPN, CP, UMSNH… 8