1-Lar arge ge Vei eins ns of of t the he bod ody 2- large - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Major blood vessels of the body 1-Lar arge ge Vei eins ns of of t the he bod ody 2- large arteries of the body Dr.Amjad d shatarat د. تارطشلا دجما 26 نيرشت ،يناثلا 18

Internal jugular veins Major veins of the HEAD AND NECK Begin at base of cranium as sigmoid sinus and inferior petrosal sinus Receive tributaries from the face and neck Unites with subclavian veins to form brachiocephalic veins 26 نيرشت ،يناثلا 18 Dr.Amjad shatarat د . تارطشلا دجما

1-Brachiocephalic Veins VEINS OF THE THORAX the right internal jugular veins The brachiocephalic veinS: formed by the union of the subclavian and the internal jugular veins the right subclavian The right and left brachiocephalic veins unite to form the superior vena cava 2-Superior Vena Cava  The superior vena cava contains all the venous blood from the head and neck and both upper limbs  is formed by the union of the two brachiocephalic veins  It passes downward to end in the right atrium of the heart 26 نيرشت ،يناثلا 18 Dr.Amjad shatarat د . تارطشلا دجما

3-Azygos Veins The azygos veins consist of: a-THE MAIN AZYGOS VEIN b-THE INFERIOR HEMIAZYGOS VEIN c-THE SUPERIOR HEMIAZYGOS VEIN Dr.Amjad shatarat د . تارطشلا دجما 26 نيرشت ،يناثلا 18

Deep Veins of the lower limbs Drains the thigh You should know the names for each major vein and the part the that they drain. Drains the knee join For example, femoral vein drains the thigh 26 نيرشت ،يناثلا 18 Dr.Amjad shatarat د . تارطشلا دجما They drain the leg

Superficial veins of the lower limbs  The Longest veins in body • Begins at medial end of venous 2-Small arches of foot. saphenous • Pass anterior to vein medial malleolus .  Begin at  Empty into lateral aspect of femoral veins dorsal venous arches of foot.  Pass 1 - G r e a t posterior to S a p h e n o u s lateral v e i n malleolus.  Empty into popliteal veins in popliteal 26 نيرشت ،يناثلا 18 Dr.Amjad shatarat د . تارطشلا دجما fossa

SUPERFICIAL VEINS of the upper limbs 3- Median cubital vein: A connection between the basilic and cephalic veins. 2-Basilic Is a common site for taking veins blood samples 1-Cephalic Begins on medial 4-Median antebrachial veins veins aspects of dorsal venous networks of Begins on lateral aspect hands of dorsal venous arch (plexus) of the hand 26 نيرشت ،يناثلا 18 Dr.Amjad shatarat د . تارطشلا دجما

The liver stores and modifies Portal Circulation Some substances that have been Read only absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract . For example,  The liver converts glucose into glycogen for storage  The liver also detoxifies harmful substances, such as alcohol,  destroys bacteria by phagocytosis For all the above reasons and other reasons All the venous derange from the gastrointestinal tract Read only Should go first to the liver (never to heart directly) Therefore, the veins of all the organs of the gastrointestinal tract drain back to the liver via two main veins: 1- superior mesenteric vein 2- The splenic vein The blood from the liver Then the two veins unite behind The portal vein then via the hepatic veins goes the neck of the pancreas to form convey the blood into back to the heart through 26 نيرشت ،يناثلا 18 Dr.Amjad shatarat د . تارطشلا دجما the portal vein THE LIVER the inferior vena cava

2-Major Arteries of the body 26 نيرشت ،يناثلا 18 Dr.Amjad shatarat د . تارطشلا دجما

Large Arteries Aorta The aorta is the main arterial trunk that delivers oxygenated blood from the left ventricle of the heart to the tissues of the body . It is divided for purposes of description into the following parts: A-ASCENDING AORTA B-ARCH OF THE AORTA C-DESCENDING THORACIC AORTA (above diaphragm) ABDOMINAL AORTA (below diaphragm) 26 نيرشت ،يناثلا 18 Dr.Amjad shatarat د . تارطشلا دجما

A-Ascending Aorta  The ascending aorta lies within the fibrous pericardium  Begins at the base of the left ventricle  Ends at the level of the sternal angle, where it becomes continuous with the arch of the aorta Branches The right coronary artery The left coronary artery 26 نيرشت ،يناثلا 18 Dr.Amjad shatarat د . تارطشلا دجما

B-Arch of the Aorta  is a continuation of the ascending aorta  Ends at the level of the sternal angle where it becomes continuous with the descending aorta. Branches a-THE BRACHIOCEPHALIC ARTERY arises from the convex surface of the aortic arch It divides into: 1-THE RIGHT SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY 2-RIGHT COMMON CAROTID ARTERY 26 نيرشت ،يناثلا 18 Dr.Amjad shatarat د . تارطشلا دجما

b-The left common carotid artery  Arises from the convex surface of the aorta c-The left subclavian artery  arises from the aortic arch 26 نيرشت ،يناثلا 18 Dr.Amjad shatarat د . تارطشلا دجما

C- Descending Thoracic Aorta begins as a continuation of the arch of the aorta on the  At the level of the 12 th thoracic vertebra, it passes behind the diaphragm (through the aortic opening) in the midline and becomes continuous with the abdominal aorta. Branches 1-Posterior intercostal arteries are given off to the lower nine intercostal spaces 2-Pericardial, esophageal, and bronchial arteries are small branches that are distributed to these organs . 26 نيرشت ،يناثلا 18 Dr.Amjad shatarat د . تارطشلا دجما

The (descending) abdominal aorta 1-Celiac trunk (artery) Supplies all organs of gastrointestinal tract that arise from embryonic foregut,that is, from abdominal part of esophagus to duodenum, and also spleen 2-Superior mesenteric artery Supplies all organs of gastrointestinal tract that arise from embryonic midgut, that is, from duodenum to transverse colon. 3-Inferior mesenteric artery Supplies all organs of gastrointestinal tract that arise from embryonic hindgut from transverse colon to rectum 26 نيرشت ،يناثلا 18 Dr.Amjad shatarat د . تارطشلا دجما

Arteries of the upper limbs Subclavian artery The left subclavian artery i s a branch of the aortic arch while The right subclavian artery is a branch from the brachiocephalic artery At the outer border of the first rib It becomes the Axillary At the lower border of teres major muscle it becomes the Brachial Supplies the arm Opposite the neck of radius it divides into: Radial artery Ulnar artery 26 نيرشت ،يناثلا 18 Dr.Amjad shatarat د . تارطشلا دجما Supply the forearm and the hand

Abdominal aorta Arteries of the lower limbs Common iliac artery External iliac artery You need to know the names Femoral artery Popliteal artery Anterior tibial Posterior tibial Dorsalis pedis artery 26 نيرشت ،يناثلا 18 Dr.Amjad shatarat د . تارطشلا دجما

Main arteries of the head, neck and the face 1-The common carotid divides into external and internal carotid arteries at superior border of larynx a- The external carotid artery Supplies the face and neck b- The internal carotid artery The anterior cerebral artery passes forward toward frontal lobe of and Frontal, temporal, parietal cerebrum and middle cerebral artery 26 نيرشت ،يناثلا 18 Dr.Amjad shatarat د . تارطشلا دجما