Zeroes in derivaonal morphology The case of conversion Guido Vanden - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Zeroes in deriva�onal morphology The case of conversion Guido Vanden Wyngaerd KU Leuven (Brussels) Connec�ng Roots and Affixes (CRAFF) Brno, May 13-14, 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 / 55

Outline Introduc�on Polycategorial suffixes Polycategorial suffixes in NS Root-imposed categorial restric�ons Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 / 55

Introduc�on Polycategorial suffixes Polycategorial suffixes in NS Root-imposed categorial restric�ons Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 / 55

V-N V-A A-N V-A-N love cool secret average salute narrow white brown form thin complex quiet chair dry evil floor clear rust empty dance clean kiss warm run open walk tame feed blind show dim kick slim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 / 55

(1) a. N b. A c. V quiet quiet quiet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 / 55

(3) a. N b. c. A V quiet N A A V quiet N A quiet (2) a. A b. c. N V quiet A N A V quiet quiet ∅ ∅ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 / 55

(2) a. A b. c. N V quiet A N A V quiet quiet ∅ ∅ (3) a. N b. c. A V quiet N A A V quiet N A ∅ ∅ quiet ∅ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 / 55

(4) a. b. c. a n v � � � a n v quiet quiet quiet ∅ ∅ ∅ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 / 55

Borer’s Generalisa�on (Borer 2014: 11) Categorially marked forms in English may not undergo a (phonologically) unmarked noun-verb alterna�on. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 / 55

(5) a. a saluta�on b. *to saluta�on an arrival *to arrival a neighbourhood *to neighbourhood a writer *to writer the kindness *to kindness the ability *to ability (6) a. *a crystallise b. to crystallise *an instan�ate to instantiate *an acidify to acidify *an encase to encase *a fa�en to fa�en *an enlighten to enlighten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 / 55

(7) a. n b. n v n v n � � v a�on v ∅ crystal ise crystal ise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 / 55

(8) a. b. v v a v a v n a ise n a ∅ � � n al n al govern ment govern ment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 / 55

Borer’s conclusion There are no zero categorising heads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 / 55

Subset Principle the more syntac�c environments, the less proper�es quiet can occur everywhere, hence it is an acategorial root, with zero syntac�c proper�es Conversion and acategorial roots: DM ▶ underspecifica�on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 / 55

the more syntac�c environments, the less proper�es quiet can occur everywhere, hence it is an acategorial root, with zero syntac�c proper�es Conversion and acategorial roots: DM ▶ underspecifica�on ▶ Subset Principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 / 55

quiet can occur everywhere, hence it is an acategorial root, with zero syntac�c proper�es Conversion and acategorial roots: DM ▶ underspecifica�on ▶ Subset Principle ▶ the more syntac�c environments, the less proper�es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 / 55

Conversion and acategorial roots: DM ▶ underspecifica�on ▶ Subset Principle ▶ the more syntac�c environments, the less proper�es ▶ quiet can occur everywhere, hence it is an acategorial root, with zero syntac�c proper�es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 / 55

Superset Principle the more syntac�c environments, the more proper�es quiet can occur everywhere: it has all the relevant syntac�c proper�es, i.e. it is specified for all relevant features Conversion and acategorial roots: Nanosyntax ▶ overspecifica�on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 / 55

the more syntac�c environments, the more proper�es quiet can occur everywhere: it has all the relevant syntac�c proper�es, i.e. it is specified for all relevant features Conversion and acategorial roots: Nanosyntax ▶ overspecifica�on ▶ Superset Principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 / 55

quiet can occur everywhere: it has all the relevant syntac�c proper�es, i.e. it is specified for all relevant features Conversion and acategorial roots: Nanosyntax ▶ overspecifica�on ▶ Superset Principle ▶ the more syntac�c environments, the more proper�es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 / 55

Conversion and acategorial roots: Nanosyntax ▶ overspecifica�on ▶ Superset Principle ▶ the more syntac�c environments, the more proper�es ▶ quiet can occur everywhere: it has all the relevant syntac�c proper�es, i.e. it is specified for all relevant features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 / 55

(10) The Superset Principle (Starke 2009) A lexically stored tree L matches a syntac�c node S iff L contains the syntac�c tree dominated by S as a subtree (9) Verb /quiet/ ⇔ F 3 Noun F 2 Adjec�ve F 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 / 55

(9) Verb /quiet/ ⇔ F 3 Noun F 2 Adjec�ve F 1 (10) The Superset Principle (Starke 2009) A lexically stored tree L matches a syntac�c node S iff L contains the syntac�c tree dominated by S as a subtree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 / 55

This talk ▶ to discuss some predic�ons of the NS approach to conversion for the case of polycategorial suffixes in English and Dutch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 / 55

Introduc�on Polycategorial suffixes Polycategorial suffixes in NS Root-imposed categorial restric�ons Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 / 55

���� ��������� -al arrival logical -able constable endurable -an librarian rep�lian -ant defendant defiant -ary func�onary legendary -ate consulate intricate -ible crucible credible -ic tunic magic -ive incen�ve audi�ve -ory promontory rotatory -ous focus mucous -esque arabesque grotesque -y parsimony airy -ish rubbish foppish -en warden golden -ful handful colorful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 / 55