Yom Kippur The Day of Atonement 2017.09.30
Yom Kippur Scriptural Justification Characteristics of Yom Kippur Fulfillments - past and future T oday
Leviticus 23:26-32 26 And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying, 27 Also on the tenth day of this seventh month there shall be a day of atonement: it shall be an holy convocation unto you; and ye shall afflict your souls, and offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD. 28 And ye shall do no work in that same day: for it is a day of atonement, to make an atonement for you before the LORD your God.
Leviticus 23:26-32 29 For whatsoever soul it be that shall not be afflicted in that same day, he shall be cut off from among his people. 30 And whatsoever soul it be that doeth any work in that same day, the same soul will I destroy from among his people.
Leviticus 23:26-32 31 Ye shall do no manner of work: it shall be a statute for ever throughout your generations in all your dwellings. 32 It shall be unto you a sabbath of rest, and ye shall afflict your souls: in the ninth day of the month at even, from even unto even, shall ye celebrate your sabbath.
Leviticus 23:26-32 “…the tenth day of this seventh month…” According to biblical reckoning of time where the month begins with the sighting of the New Moon, Yom Kippur starts tonite at sunset On the traditional religious calendar, it began last night at sunset.
Leviticus 23:26-32 “…day of atonement…” In Hebrew it is םיִ֣רֻפִּכַּה םוֹ֧י , Yom Ha Kippur, or literally “the Day of Atonements” We see the reason in Leviticus 16
Leviticus 16:29-33 29 “ And it shall be a statute to you forever that in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, you shall afflict yourselves and shall do no work, either the native or the stranger who sojourns among you. 30 For on this day shall atonement be made for you to cleanse you. You shall be clean before the LORD from all your sins.
Leviticus 16:29-33 31 It is a Sabbath of solemn rest to you, and you shall afflict yourselves; it is a statute forever. 32 And the priest who is anointed and consecrated as priest in his father’s place shall make atonement, wearing the holy linen garments. 33 He shall make atonement for the holy sanctuary, and he shall make atonement for the tent of meeting and for the altar, and he shall make atonement for the priests and for all the people of the assembly.
Leviticus 23:26-32 “… holy convocation…” In Hebrew it is ֙שֶׁדֹ֨ק־אָרְקִֽמ , mikra kodesh It is a gathering together of God’s people, an also a rehearsal.
Leviticus 23:26-32 “… sabbath of rest…” In Hebrew it is ןוֹ֥תָבַּשׁ תַ֨בַּשׁ , shabbat shabbaton, a Sabbath of Solemn Rest The Day of Atonement is the only Feast that is declared a Shabbat. 30 And whatsoever soul it be that doeth any work in that same day, the same soul will I destroy from among his people.
Leviticus 23:26-32 “… afflict your souls…” In Hebrew it is םֶ֑כיֵתֹשְׁפַנ־תֶא םֶ֖תיִנִּעְו , we innetim (anah) et nafshote (nephesh) This does not mean we are to physically abuse ourselves, this is referring to humbling ourselves and fasting.
Leviticus 23:26-32 Acts 27:9 Now when much time was spent, and when sailing was now dangerous, because the fast was now already past… This is referring to Yom Kippur, which is late in the year, a time when sailing was dangerous. The 1st Century Church still viewed Yom Kippur as a Day of Fasting. But what kind of fast?
Isaiah 58 1 “Cry aloud; do not hold back; lift up your voice like a trumpet; declare to my people their transgression, to the house of Jacob their sins. 2 Yet they seek me daily and delight to know my ways, as if they were a nation that did righteousness and did not forsake the judgment of their God; they ask of me righteous judgments; they delight to draw near to God.
Isaiah 58 3 ‘Why have we fasted, and you see it not? Why have we humbled ourselves, and you take no knowledge of it?’ Behold, in the day of your fast you seek your own pleasure, and oppress all your workers. 4 Behold, you fast only to quarrel and to fight and to hit with a wicked fist. Fasting like yours this day will not make your voice to be heard on high.
Isaiah 58 “ …fasted…” is ֙וּנְמַ֙צּ which means to abstain from food “…humbled ourselves…” is the exact same as in Leviticus 23 where is is translated as “afflict your souls”
Isaiah 58 5 Is such the fast that I choose, a day for a person to humble himself? Is it to bow down his head like a reed, and to spread sackcloth and ashes under him? Will you call this a fast, and a day acceptable to the LORD? 6 “Is not this the fast that I choose: to loose the bonds of wickedness, to undo the straps of the yoke, to let the oppressed go free, and to break every yoke?
Isaiah 58 7 Is it not to share your bread with the hungry and bring the homeless poor into your house; when you see the naked, to cover him, and not to hide yourself from your own flesh? 8 Then shall your light break forth like the dawn, and your healing shall spring up speedily; your righteousness shall go before you; the glory of the LORD shall be your rear guard.
Isaiah 58 9 Then you shall call, and the LORD will answer; you shall cry, and he will say, ‘Here I am.’ If you take away the yoke from your midst, the pointing of the finger, and speaking wickedness, 10 if you pour yourself out for the hungry and satisfy the desire of the afflicted, then shall your light rise in the darkness and your gloom be as the noonday.
Isaiah 58 11 And the LORD will guide you continually and satisfy your desire in scorched places and make your bones strong; and you shall be like a watered garden, like a spring of water, whose waters do not fail. 12 And your ancient ruins shall be rebuilt; you shall raise up the foundations of many generations; you shall be called the repairer of the breach, the restorer of streets to dwell in.
Isaiah 58 13 “If you turn back your foot from the Sabbath, from doing your pleasure on my holy day, and call the Sabbath a delight and the holy day of the LORD honorable; if you honor it, not going your own ways, or seeking your own pleasure, or talking idly; 14 then you shall take delight in the LORD, and I will make you ride on the heights of the earth; I will feed you with the heritage of Jacob your father, for the mouth of the LORD has spoken.”
What Kind of Fast It is not a day to fast to be seen of men. It is not a contest to see who can afflict themselves more. It is not about following the letter of the law, it’s about the condition of our heart. It is about meeting the needs of the afflicted around us. Remember - This is a Shabbat, and we are to Delight in his Shabbat.
Release From Bondage 6 “Is not this the fast that I choose: to loose the bonds of wickedness, to undo the straps of the yoke, to let the oppressed go free, and to break every yoke?
Leviticus 25:8-10 8 And thou shalt number seven sabbaths of years unto thee, seven times seven years; and the space of the seven sabbaths of years shall be unto thee forty and nine years. 9 Then shalt thou cause the trumpet of the jubile to sound on the tenth [day] of the seventh month, in the day of atonement shall ye make the trumpet sound throughout all your land. 10 And ye shall hallow the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty throughout [all] the land unto all the inhabitants thereof: it shall be a jubile unto you; and ye shall return every man unto his possession, and ye shall return every man unto his family.
Release from Bondage Yehovah chose the Day of Atonement to be the day when liberty was proclaimed those in bondage. Isaiah 61 1 The Spirit of the Lord GOD [is] upon me; because the LORD hath anointed me to preach good tidings unto the meek; he hath sent me to bind up the brokenhearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives, and the opening of the prison to [them that are] bound; 2 T o proclaim the acceptable year of the LORD, and the day of vengeance of our God; to comfort all that mourn;
Leviticus 16 1 The LORD spoke to Moses after the death of the two sons of Aaron, when they drew near before the LORD and died, 2 and the LORD said to Moses, “T ell Aaron your brother not to come at any time into the Holy Place inside the veil, before the mercy seat that is on the ark,…
Leviticus 16 … so that he may not die. For I will appear in the cloud over the mercy seat. 3 But in this way Aaron shall come into the Holy Place: with a bull from the herd for a sin offering and a ram for a burnt offering. 4 He shall put on the holy linen coat and shall have the linen undergarment on his body,…
Leviticus 16 …and he shall tie the linen sash around his waist, and wear the linen turban; these are the holy garments. He shall bathe his body in water and then put them on. 5 And he shall take from the congregation of the people of Israel two male goats for a sin offering, and one ram for a burnt offering.
Leviticus 16 6 “ Aaron shall offer the bull as a sin offering for himself and shall make atonement for himself and for his house. 7 Then he shall take the two goats and set them before the LORD at the entrance of the tent of meeting. 8 And Aaron shall cast lots over the two goats, one lot for the LORD…
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