What happens in Yishun, a district of Singapore? a classic - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

What happens in Yishun, a district of Singapore?

a classic population pyramid age median: 17.4 years life expectancy: 64.5 years age 60+ 547,000 Total population: https://populationpyramid.net (United Nations)

What will happen to Malaysian population pyramid?

The senior population was multiplied by 3 in 3 decades year 1980 2010 population census 13,136,000 28,334,000 age median: 17 years 26 years life expectancy 72 years 74 years seniors (60+) 745,000 2,250,000 seniors (85+) 67,000 100,000 Total population: https://populationpyramid.net (United Nations). Population census 1980, 2010

A huge population of seniors will have to be taken care of 60+ 60+ 60+ 0.7 Millions 2.3 Millions 6.3 Millions (6%) (8%) (16%)

Nutrition There is no timeless & universal rules of nutrition Nutritionists have to adapt to the local age pyramid

nutritionists have to adapt to the local age pyramid nutritionists priority: • Providing the young generation with proper nutrients for healthy growth

nutritionists have to adapt to the local age pyramid nutritionists priority: • cardio-vascular diseases • obesity • diabetes

nutritionists have to adapt to the local age pyramid nutritionists priority: • age-related diseases very much linked with • cardio-vascular diseases • obesity • diabetes

statistically 1.4 senior 60 + out of 10 suffer from dementia

Simple question: is it going to be a proportional number in 2040? Simple Calculation: Senior population: 6.3 million Dementia: 0.88 million

Unfortunately: it does not work that way! It will be probably much more because we have two associated factors 90+ 1 out of 2 75+ 1 out of 4 to 5 average 1.4 out of 10 - the population is aging rare incidence & - the life expectancy is increasing The prevalence of dementia increase exponentially with oldest ages

Dementia incidence increases exponentially with age Finland 2014

With a fast aging population, the Dementia will become epidemic: what will be the cost to society? There is no medical treatment to age-related dementia, the main cost is nursing This cost explodes with a fast aging population coupled with longer life expectancy.

the USA example, as a modern nation

the USA example, the cost for the US Government alone as a modern nation & only for Alzheimer cares: represents TODAY the whole 2015 GDP of one country like Portugal or New Zealand

the USA example, the cost for the US Government alone as a modern nation & only for Alzheimer cares: represents TODAY the whole 2015 GDP of one country like Portugal or New Zealand IN 2030 more than 2015 GDP of one country like Singapore or Malaysia

the USA example, the cost for the US Government alone as a modern nation & only for Alzheimer cares: represents TODAY the whole 2015 GDP of one country like Portugal or New Zealand IN 2030 more than 2015 GDP of one country like Singapore or Malaysia IN 2050 close to 2015 GDP of one country like Australia, Spain or Russia on top of that, you have to add the costs funded by the families…

The cost of dementia per patient today was estimated in Malaysia close to Rm 2,700/month (in 2005) with a fast aging population an increasing life expectancy Family could end up to support several parents & grand- parents at various periods of time, but also for many years.

What to Do? Today, there is no medical treatment to age-related dementia but a proper lifestyle, especially a proper nutrition, can prevent, if not delay, but mitigate age-related diseases

3 important points Public policies and nutritionists will play a key role in the prevention of age-related diseases it is necessary • to get rid of misconceptions inherited from the 80’s • to have « brain feeding » guidelines, not only for babies and pregnant women, but also for general population and for seniors • to rehabilitate fats and to declare « sugars » and « smoking » public enemies

The U.S. government is poised to withdraw longstanding warnings about cholesterol The nation’s top nutrition advisory panel has decided to drop its caution about eating cholesterol-laden food, a move that could undo almost 40 years of government warnings about its consumption. The group’s finding that cholesterol in the diet need no longer be considered a “nutrient of concern” stands in contrast to the committee’s findings five years ago, the last time it convened. … Walter Willett, chair of the nutrition department at the Harvard School of Public Health, also called the turnaround on cholesterol a “reasonable move. ” “There’s been a shift of thinking ,” he said. … January 2015

What was the consequences of this misconception that dated 1961? Based on the archaic belief that the fats we store in our body are the fats we eat (ignoring the complex chemistry of digestion), the americans turned away for decades on eggs: a great source of nutrients. And the rest of the world followed.

Cholesterol in foods is just a clear and stunning example. but the biggest misconception, originated in the 80’s, is probably the food pyramid.

in June 2011, USDA announced the end of the Food Pyramid , created in the 80’s. but many countries never received the notification of replacement.

What were the consequences of the Food Pyramid on many nutrition guidelines? Promoted an excess intake of carbohydrates Demonized all types of fats for many years, despite the latest scientific findings Promoted inefficient, if not damaging, no-fat diets and low-fat diets Push the whole industry to substitute fats by sugars Heavily used refined carbohydrates

In Singapore, you can find industrial bread with 30% sugar to give more taste, while French bread recipe adds no sugar to the bread. The Food Pyramid created a habit of carbs and a world addiction to sugar. the bad consequences of the application of the food pyramid on public health are incalculable .

Food Pyramid & Public heath in USA. Since the application of the guidelines, US citizens have reduced the percentage of fats from 43% to 33%. Ironically, what happened was contrary to what was expected. in 1960, only 1 in 100 Americans had type 2 diabetes, now it is 1 in 10 people. In 1960, 1 in 7 Americans were obese, now it is 1 in 3 people. Three decades ago, type 2 diabetes was generally limited to adults. Figure 2. Number (in Millions) of Civilian, Non-Institutionalized Persons with Diagnosed Diabetes, United States, 1980-20144 4Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015). Number (in Millions) of Civilian, Non-Institutionalized Persons with Diagnosed Diabetes, United States, 1980-2014. [Graph]. Retrieved from Now, 1 out of 3 new diabetes cases is among http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/statistics/prev/national/figpersons.htm patients under 18 with type 2 diabetes. More than 1 in 10 kids are pre-diabetic or have diabetes.

the Food Pyramid was inefficient the no-fat and low-fat diets were damaging. so what were the inconveniences of low-fats diets? inefficient: the weight lost is often temporary unsatisfying: during the diet, the patient is starving and may suffer from fatigue and mood disorder damaging: no-fat and low-fat diets are not innocuous > Low-fats diets decrease brain cell function > Low-fats diets damage the body cells > Low-fats diets may impair the digestive system > Low-fats diets imbalance the immune system repeated and uncontrolled low-fat diets could eventually make you fat or sick, or both.

During this 3 decades of Food Pyramid, numerous scientific findings were published and demonstrated. the various types of fats and the incredible benefits on many of them, like Omega 3 the complexity of the chemistry of digestion and the role of bacteria the role of fruits and vegetables , for antioxidants and fibers the needs of non-refined and more complex carbohydrates, like wholemeal or brown rice the devastating effects of sugar and tobacco the benefits of high-fats diet versus low fat diet To add on this new scientific knowledge, the population shape also changes from pyramid to kite, making the misconceptions of the 80’s even more problematic on an aging population.

Our body is designed for higher-fat diet . In the Paleolithic Period, the macronutrient ratio of a day’s diet was about 75% fat, 20% proteins, and 5% carbohydrates. Before the development of agriculture, our ancestors ate fish, wild meat and nuts on a daily basis. Our body systems have not changed substantially since then. In 2009, researchers led by Dr. Hession and Dr. Rolland from the Centre for Obesity Research and Epidemiology (CORE) in the UK, have conducted a meta-analysis on metabolic syndrome and proved that high-fat diets outperformed low-fat diets when it comes to weight loss, as well as when it comes to lowering heart disease risks, diabetes, inflammation and hypertension. It now becomes quite clear for scientists that general population who decrease the ratio of carbs, cut on sugars, eat more fruits and vegetable and increase the ratio of fats, within the limit of their daily calorie needs, are healthier and tends to lose weight easily and without efforts.