1 2 Welcome to CENG! EE 109 – Intro to Embedded Systems Unit 0: Class Introduction Computer Organization http://blog.tmcnet.com/blog/rich-tehrani/uploads/facebook-datacenter-electrical-large.jpg http://www.cmu.edu/news/image-archive/Boss.jpg http://prisonerofclass-5933.zippykid.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/iphone.jpg http://firstcallappliance.com/wp-content/uploads/image/microwave.jpg http://www.engadget.com/2011/02/19/intel-to-spend-5-billion-on-new-14nm-fab-in-arizona-creating-4/ http://www.amazon.com/Fisher-Price-T-M-X-Tickle-Me-Elmo/dp/B000ETRE0Q http://oeatech.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/RADARSAT2-satellite.jpg 3 4 What is Computer Engineering Computer Engineering as Abstraction Levels if (x > 0) then CMPR X,0 x = x + y - z; JLE SKIP • Computer Engineering is… a = b*x; Software ADD X,X,Y Code SUB X,X,Z – Computer Science SKIP MUL A,B,X • Focus on information and transforming information into more useful forms (i.e. Applications algorithms and computer programs) C / C++ / Java Chips SW – Electrical Engineering 1110010101… (Processors) • Focus on designing circuits and systems that physically manipulate information (i.e. OS Libraries Assembly / a high or low voltage => 1 or 0) or other mechanical systems Machine Code • Design, implement, and test devices and systems A S Functional Processor / Memory / I/O + • Getting your hands dirty! B Units – Designing circuits, using lab equipment, and building s***! Functional Units (Registers, Adders, Muxes) x AND Logic y F HW gate Logic Gates z Goal of CECS: To develop engineers who can span the complex - - - - inter-relationship of computer hardware and software, creating Output Transistors (Drain ) and designing system solutions - - - Controlling Transistors Input (Gate ) Voltage / Currents Source
5 6 Goals of this Course You Can Do That… • Embedded systems Cloud & Distributed Computing Scripting & (CyberPhysical, Databases, Data Networked Applications Interfaces • Programming Mining,etc.) Applications C / C++ / Java SW Applications – C language SW (AI, Robotics, Graphics, Mobile) Applications OS Libraries C / C++ / Java Assembly / • Computer organization Machine Code Systems & Networking OS Libraries (Embedded Systems, Networks) Processor / Memory / I/O Assembly / – CPU, memory, I/O, etc. Embedded Machine Code Functional Units • Digital logic (Registers, Adders, Muxes) Processor / Memory / I/O Architecture HW Logic Gates (Processor & Embedded HW) Functional Units – Basic logic functions (Registers, Adders, Muxes) Transistors HW • Electronics Logic Gates Devices & Integrated Circuits Voltage / Currents (Semiconductors & Fabrication) – Voltage, current, basic Transistors circuit theory Voltage / Currents 7 8 Full Timeout - Syllabus Course Advice • Catch the wave! – Underestimate the time you will need and your ability to get your work done – Limit extracurricular activities in the 1 st semester – Don’t let shame or embarrassment keep you from the help you need • You’re here to learn not to be taught – Be active and engaged – Do not be afraid to fail – http://ceng.usc.edu/~bkrishna/TheDangersOfClassroomTeaching.pdf
9 10 CECS Curriculum (Fall) EE Curriculum (Spring) Core Classes ITP EE/CS EE 355 EE 301 EE 364 EE 202 EE 330 Robotics 165/168 109 Networks & Web Programming Embedded Software Linear Probability and Linear Circuits Electromagnetics CS 445 Programming Systems Design Systems Statistics AI CS 360 CS 353 Area Electives Graphics CS 420 EE EE 254 154 + 277 EE EE 477 109 CS 270 Logic Design I Logic Design II EE 154 CS 104 + Intro. To VLSI EE 277 CS CS 170 EE 479 CS 476 CS 201 103 EE 254 EE 450 EE 457 EE 454 CS 350 Integrated Algorithms, Theory, Circuits Cryptography Core Concepts Networks Computer Intro. To System- Operating (Programming Languages, Architecture on-Chip Systems Data Structures, CS 310 Digital Logic Design) EE 451 CS 360 CS 445 EE 477 EE 459 CS 477 AI Robotics Parallel & Intro. To VLSI Distributed Software EE 454 CS 350 Computing Engineering EE 457 EE 451 EE 459 Operating Computer Systems Architecture Capstone Circuits, Signals, and Electrical Sciences Computer Engineering Systems 11 12 Careers Careers • Information Technology • Information Technology • General & High Performance Computing • General & High Performance Computing • Telecomm and Networking • Telecomm and Networking • Media & Entertainment • Media & Entertainment • Automotive • Automotive • Robotics • Robotics • Aerospace / Defense • Aerospace / Defense • Academia / Research
13 14 Research at USC Companies • Information Technology • Facebook, Apple, Google, MS • Integrated Media Systems Center • Semiconductor & General • Intel, AMD, IBM, Motorola, – Sound, video, online collaboration, computing HP streaming media research • Telecomm and Networking • Qualcomm, Cisco • Information Sciences Institute – AI, Internet, Advanced Processing Systems • Media & Entertainment • EA, Disney, Riot Games research • Automotive • Ford, etc. • Institute for Creative Technologies • Robotics • JPL, iRobot • Aerospace • SpaceX, Boeing, Raytheon – Virtual Reality, Graphics, Animation, Games • Startups • Embark, Zboard 2 of the top 10 fastest-growing job markets will be Computer Science and System (CENG) Engineers * U.S. Department of Labor 15 16 Media • Robotics – http://www.isi.edu/robots/superbot/movies/FoxNews.s wf – http://www.isi.edu/robots/superbot/movies/SuperBot.s wf • Virtual Reality – http://www.youtube.com/uscict#p/u/13/Fh9gIswxbvU EMBEDDED SYSTEMS – http://www.youtube.com/uscict#p/u/0/0U7-q_9YV5c
17 18 Digital System Spectrum Processing Logic Approaches Application Specific Hardware (no software) • Key idea: Any “algorithm” can be implemented in HW or • Custom Logic X SW or some mixture of both + Computing System – Logic that directly implements Y A digital systems can be located anywhere in a spectrum Flexibility, Design Time • Out * a specific task of: Spectrum Performance – ALL HW: (a.k.a. Application-Specific IC’s) – Example above may use A Cost + – ALL SW: An embedded computer system separate adders and a B • Advantages of application specific HW multiplier unit – Faster, less power Custom HW • General Purpose Processor Implementation • Advantages of an embedded computer system (i.e. general purpose HW for executing SW) – Logic designed to execute SW General Purpose – Reprogrammable (i.e. make a mistake, fix it) HW w/ Software instructions Data storage Instruc. – Less expensive than a dedicated hardware system (single – Provides basic processing Store computer system can be used for multiple designs) resources that are reused by • Image Processing: System-on-Chip (SoC) approach ADD X,Y + * each instruction ADD A,B – Some dedicated HW for intensive JPG/MPG decoding MUL X,A operations • What if I want to perform: – Programmable processor for UI & other simple tasks – X*Y + A*B GP Proc. Implementation of (X+Y)*(A+B) – What's easiest to redesign? http://www.xbitlabs.com/images/news/2008-06/nvda_tegra_chip_scheme.jpg 19 20 Embedded Systems A Comparison • An embedded system is… • Different microprocessor and microcontroller – A special purpose computer that is designed into a larger based systems device to perform some amount of dedicated tasks PC iPhone MIPS32 Arduino (Core i7) (A6 chip) (PIC32MX…) (ATMega328) • Utilize a microcontroller… – Laptops or desktops contain a microprocessor Clock speed 3 GHz 1.3 GHz 80 MHz < 20 MHz – Embedded systems contain microcontrollers – What's the difference? Data size 64-bits 32-bit 32-bits 8-bits • Microprocessor is part of a larger computer system w/ RAM and RAM 8 GB 1 GB 16 KB 2 KB general purpose I/O Storage 1 TB 32 GB 128 KB 32 KB • Microcontroller is a single-chip with RAM and I/O to control specific electro/mechanical devices Cost $1,000 $650 $6.04 $2.88
21 22 Engineering Design Engineering Design Artists and engineers both design things, but differently. Engineering is Artist: “We’ll create a spaceship powered by a warp drive.” Design with Constraints Engineer: “We need to build a rocket engine that works.” 23 24 Engineering Design Engineering Design What constraints does an engineer The constraints may differ depending face when designing something? on the product. Medical implant device: Reliability > Cost Cost Performance Reliability Durability Ease of use Weight Toy: Cost > Reliability Power Size Safety Environmental Political etc.
25 26 Engineering Design Engineering Design Example: Design a device for use in What constraints does the engineer a Pinewood Derby to see which car have to consider? finishes 1 st , 2 nd , etc. 27 28 Engineering Design Engineering Design
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