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Infrastructure Resiliency Planning & Strategy at the Municipal Level Adapt, Thrive, and Survive Climate Impacts
Who we are • Since 1899 • Over 500 professionals • 19 Office Locations on East Coast • Three companies
Proven Industry Leader • Top 50 Trenchless Design Firm in US (Rank #18)* • Top 200 Design Firm in US (Rank #186)** • Top 200 Environmental Engineering Firm in US (Rank #117)** • Top 500 Design Firm in US** *According to Trenchless Technology **According to the Engineering News Record
Weston & Sampson Services • Water • Wastewater • MEP/SCADA • Stormwater • Infrastructure Resiliency • Architecture • Landscape Architecture • Information Technology/GIS • Transportation • Solid Waste
Weston & Sampson Services • Renewable Energy • Hazardous Waste Services • Structural Engineering • Geotechnical Engineering, Dams • Public Works Facilities • Surveying • Environmental Science & Permitting • Operation & Maintenance Services • Construction
CMR & SERVICES • Operation & Maintenance • Water & Sewer System Maintenance • Emergency Repairs (24 - 7) • Cross Connection Control & Backflow Prevention • Treatment Plant & System Operations • Design/Build • Construction
Recent Resiliency & Flooding Projects • Church Creek Drainage Project – Charleston, SC • City of Boston Climate Resilience Design Standards – Boston, MA • MBTA Blueline (Aquarium to Maverick Stations) Flood Vulnerability Assessment – Boston, MA • DCR Draw Seven Park – Somerville, MA • DCAMM State-wide Resiliency Master Plan, Massachusetts • Coastal Vulnerability Assessment Lynn Economic Development & Industrial Corporation – Lynn, MA • LoPresti Park Engineering and Design Services – East Boston, MA • Chelsea Creek Wetland Restoration/Habitat Conservation – Chelsea, MA • Chelsea Flood Resiliency Improvements – Chelsea, MA
• Increase tidal and • Extreme weather nuisance flooding events • Sea Level Rise – • Slow moving storms Global • Increased volume of • Sea Level Rise - precipitation Local • More frequent events • Storm surge
Resiliency Process TASK 1 PHASE 1 – CLIMATE SCENARIO SELECTION Map climate conditions under future conditions TASK 2 Identify critical assets located in vulnerable areas PHASE 2 – TASK 3 VULNERABILITY AND Identify the tipping point that would damage each critical asset RISK ANALYSIS TASK 4 Evaluate risk given probability of climate scenario and consequence TASK 5 Identify and select adaptation strategies using C.E.F.T.A.C. analysis PHASE 3 – ADAPTATION STRATEGIES TASK 6 Implement adaptation and preparedness plan and monitor progress
PHASE 1 – CLIMATE SCENARIO SELECTION • Synthesis of available relevant technical analyses and reports • Coastal Geomorphology • Watershed Characteristics • Asset Locations and Information • Compilation of GIS data • Development of Study Scenarios • Preliminary review of relevant regulations
Climate Scenarios • Time Horizon Selection – Most Data Available for 2030 and 2070 – Accommodate Planning Horizon with development – 25 years, 50 years
Existing Sea Level
1 ft. Sea Level Rise
2 ft. Sea Level Rise
3 ft. Sea Level Rise
Bathtub versus dynamic model • Storm events striking an area can result in significantly different impacts – timing of the storm with the tide cycle – storm track – radius to maximum wind of a tropical storm – amount of precipitation, etc. • Data for design – Probability of flooding (annual exceedance) – Depth of Flooding – Flood pathways – Residence times – Wind – Waves – Percent probability exceedance over all time horizons Source: The Woods Hole Group. Kirk Bosma: CLIMATE CHANGE PRIORITIZATION, EcoSeptember 2016
Flood Pathways & Residence Times
Precipitation and Inland Flooding
PHASE 2 – VULNERABILITY AND RISK ANALYSIS RISK RANKING INFRASTRUCTURE & PROPERTY CLIMATE HAZARDS CRITICAL ASSETS
Local Sea Level Rise Climate Change Adaptation and Uncertainty January 17, 2017 22
Risk Analysis – Site Specific Identify Site Exposure and Scenarios • Sea Level Rise • Sea Level Rise Mitigate Risk CLIMATE CHANGE & Storm Surge & Storm Surge SCENARIOS • Inland • Inland Precipitation Precipitation P(Event) • Heat • Heat Vulnerable Facility Elements SITE/FACILITY Risk = ADAPTATION • Review of Existing • Review of Existing CHARACTERIZATION Information Information STRATEGIES P(Event)*P(Damages) P(Damages|Event) = • Inspection • Inspection Adaptive Capacity * *Consequence • Interview • Interview Sensitivity • Interview • Interview SITE/FACILITY • Public Health & • Public Health & CHARACTERIZATION Safety Safety • Economic Impact • Economic Impact Consequence • Interdependency • Interdependency 23
Site Specific Evaluation and Inspection
Data Collection and Tabulation 25
PHASE 3 – ADAPTATION STRATEGIES
PHASE 3 – ADAPTATION STRATEGIES Source: Massachusetts Stormwater Handbook
Adaptation Criteria – C.E.F.T.A.C C ost $$$ E ffectiveness C o-benefits (Risk Reduction) (Mitigation) A daptability F easibility (Flexibility) (Implementation) T iming (Short Term vs. Long Term)
Adaptation Strategies – Co-benefits CONTRIBUTIVE – Opportunity to make changes in your community.
DRAW SEVEN PARK Incremental Embrace Water Elevate and Protect Adaptation Identify areas to • • Elevate grades for • Identify site evolution embrace water for critical site features Design for future climate frequent flooding • Elevated walkways impacts and storm events • Flood barriers • Downstream protection CLIMATE RESILIENCE MEASURES TO MANAGE CHRONIC AND ACUTE CHANGES IN ENVIRONMENT OVER TIME Image credit: Brooklyn Bridge Park, Julienne Image credit: Brooklyn Bridge Park, Etienne Image credit: Brooklyn Bridge Park, Julienne Schaer Frossard Schaer
Church Creek Drainage Design
Boston Public Works Department Climate Resilient Design Standards – Incremental Approaches Transform Harborwalk into flood barrier Source: “The Low Battery.” Design Division For The Common Good, www.designdivision.org/lowbattery/. Create vegetated berms in waterfront open spaces as flood barrier Source: Carlson, Jen. “Brooklyn Bridge Park Now 80% Complete As Pier 5 Uplands Officially Open.” Gothamist, 7 July 2017, 1:55 PM, Source: Blackman, Austin, et al. “COASTAL RESILIENCE SOLUTIONS FOR EAST BOSTON AND gothamist.com/2017/07/07/brooklyn_bridge_park_pier_5_uplands_photos.php#photo-10. (left) and Scioto CHARLESTOWN.” Climate Ready Boston. Mile_Columbus_greenways3_MKSK(right)
Boston Public Works Department Climate Resilient Design Standards – Incremental Approaches Raise roadways to create flood barrier Source: Blackman, Austin, et al. “COASTAL Source: RESILIENCE SOLUTIONS FOR EAST BOSTON ttps://www.norfolk.gov/DocumentCenter/View/1 AND CHARLESTOWN.” Climate Ready Boston. 6292 Standards for deployable flood barriers Source: “Austria's mighty mobile flood walls can hold back 15 ft of floodwater-an ingenious initiative! - NTD Inspired.” Source: “ILC Dover – Side Deployed Flexwall Www.ntd.tv, 16 Sept. 2017, www.ntd.tv/inspiring/life/austrias-mighty-mobile-flood-walls-can-hold-back-15-ft-of- floodwater-an-ingenious-initiative.html.
Chelsea Pump Station Example: Resilience tied into existing project Weston & Sampson provided design, permitting, and bidding services. The scope of work included: • Approx. 1,400 feet of new stormwater force main and abandonment of existing force main • A new discharge structure at a culvert • Flood resiliency improvements at the Carter Street Pump Station • A wall around the perimeter of the pump station and a surface drain system to remove water captured within the enclosed perimeter
Design Considerations • Base-flood Elevation • Hydrostatic Pressure and Uplift • Geotechnical • Structural • Interior drainage • Systems upgrades • Emergency Power • Access
Adaptation Strategies – Example VULNERABLE CLIMATE LOCATION PRIORITY FACILITY ELEMENT STRESS Basement doorways to North side of site Extreme High Outdoor Equipment Room, Precipitation & Mechanical Room, etc. Flooding • Planning Horizon: Before & During • Strategy: Protect • Cost – $ - $$. Customized to openings • Effectiveness – Max: depends on structural strength of building walls and connections • Feasibility – Yes: easy to install, use, store and transport • Adaptability – Flexible: Adjust to water height • Timing - Short term: <1 hour installation • Co-benefits - No. Image courtesy of PS Flood Barriers Image courtesy of Global Industrial
Design Considerations for Kiawah • Surrounded by water • Public Health and Safety • Beach erosion • Transportation • Three tidal inlets • Property and real estate • Transport of fines • Tourism • Settlement • Salt marsh • Liquefaction • Drainage and outfalls • Groundwater (existing and future) • Power and Electricity • Ecosystem/Habitat • Communications
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