VOIP in the TAL group 15 th th , 2005 June 15 , 2005 June Buenos Aires, Argentina Buenos Aires, Argentina
IP Telephony: � IP Telephony shall be defined as the SERVICE IP Telephony shall be defined as the SERVICE � and PROTOCOL suite associated with the and PROTOCOL suite associated with the transport of voice communication over the Internet transport of voice communication over the Internet independent of the end- -point devices point devices. . independent of the end IP performs the following: IP performs the following: � Logical addressing Logical addressing � � Connectionless packet delivery Connectionless packet delivery � � Fragmentation and re Fragmentation and re- -assembly assembly �
Internet Architecture (Address,Routers, Hosts and Protocols) � IP addresses are basically broken down into 4 numbers IP addresses are basically broken down into 4 numbers � separated by a dot e.g 196.3.132.1 separated by a dot e.g 196.3.132.1 � There are currently two standards There are currently two standards - - IPV4 (detailed above) IPV4 (detailed above) � and IPV6. IP addressing scheme is broken down in classes and IPV6. IP addressing scheme is broken down in classes that allow for sub- -netting or separation of logical address netting or separation of logical address that allow for sub boundaries. boundaries. � Routers: (Hardware) devices that direct IP packets to their Routers: (Hardware) devices that direct IP packets to their � next hop on the way to their final destination. next hop on the way to their final destination. � Host: A generic term used to identify devices other than Host: A generic term used to identify devices other than � routers on the Internet. May be computers or other routers on the Internet. May be computers or other addressable devices addressable devices Protocols: The language of the net. Typically service specific. Protocols: The language of the net. Typically service specific. � http, H.323 (protocol used for the transport of voice over http, H.323 (protocol used for the transport of voice over � IP (VoIP) IP (VoIP)
Internet Policy - General The USA and most developed countries have The USA and most developed countries have policies that essentially preserve the vibrant policies that essentially preserve the vibrant and competitive free market which and competitive free market which presently exists for the internet and other presently exists for the internet and other interactive and computer services, interactive and computer services, unfettered by Federal or State Regulation. unfettered by Federal or State Regulation.
IP Telephony: The What and Why International VoIP and PSTN Traffic Summary, 1997-2002
IP Telephony: The What and Why The promise made by VoIP include: The promise made by VoIP include: � Increased service revenues Increased service revenues � � Shorter time to Market Shorter time to Market � � Service Flexibility Service Flexibility � � Expenditure and Revenue Opportunities Expenditure and Revenue Opportunities �
IP Telephony: The What and Why International VoIP and PSTN Traffic Destination Summary, 2001
The H.323 Protocol H.323 is the cornerstone technology for the H.323 is the cornerstone technology for the transmission of real- -time audio, video, and data time audio, video, and data transmission of real communications over IP packet based networks communications over IP packet based networks � Version 1 of the standard was proposed by the Version 1 of the standard was proposed by the � ITU ITU- -T Study Group 16 and was accepted in Oct T Study Group 16 and was accepted in Oct 1996 (Version 1 DOES NOT provide guaranteed QoS) 1996 (Version 1 DOES NOT provide guaranteed QoS) � Current Standard is H.323 Version 4 approved Current Standard is H.323 Version 4 approved � Nov 2000 Nov 2000
The H.323 Protocol H.323 defines four major components for a H.323 defines four major components for a network- -based communications system: based communications system: network Terminals Terminals 1. 1. Gateways Gateways 2. 2. Gatekeepers Gatekeepers 3. 3. Multipoint Control Units Multipoint Control Units 4. 4.
What happens to phone and video with IP? � To the phone/cable company, many changes To the phone/cable company, many changes � � Video and voice can come over phone lines, Video and voice can come over phone lines, � cable, and wireless service provider cable, and wireless service provider � Can use same central office equipment and staff Can use same central office equipment and staff � for data, video, and voice for data, video, and voice � Service (phone Service (phone dialtone dialtone, video content) can be , video content) can be � independent of the carrier (Comcast, SBC) independent of the carrier (Comcast, SBC) � Regulatory situation and rights of communities Regulatory situation and rights of communities � under challenge under challenge
Typical IP Call routing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 * 8 # Gateway Device IP Network (The Internet) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 * 8 # Gateway Device
Typical IP Call routing PSTN VoIP Gateway 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 * 8 # IP Network (The Internet) PSTN VoIP Gateway 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 * 8 #
Typical IP Call routing Local Provider (International Voice Traffic Exchange) Country 1 ISP Modem Bank Telephone Telephone PSTN Exchange M od e m Ba nk Data (IP) VoIP Terminal Internet Country 2 International PSTN Traffic Data (IP) VoIP Provider Foreign Provider PSTN Telephone (International Voice Traffic Exchange) VoIP Gateway Telephone Exchange Data (IP) Telephone VoIP Terminal
Approaches to VoIP: Incumbent providers Initiate (technical) actions to protect rights Initiate (technical) actions to protect rights 1. 1. offered under subsisting licenses offered under subsisting licenses Initiate legal action Initiate legal action 2. 2. Offer competitive differentiators and Offer competitive differentiators and 3. 3. directly face the competing offers. directly face the competing offers.
Approaches to VoIP: Governments and regulators Embrace and establish a legal framework Embrace and establish a legal framework 1. 1. for official competition for official competition Defer to industry self regulation with only Defer to industry self regulation with only 2. 2. timed interventions timed interventions
Issues to be considered � Internet Interconnection (Peering) VS Internet Interconnection (Peering) VS � Transit arrangements Transit arrangements � Universal Service Obligations and the Universal Service Obligations and the � inclusion of the Internet inclusion of the Internet � VoIP VoIP cost models and a framework for cost models and a framework for � competition competition
The issues � US : US : Contribution to Universal Service Fund i.e. Payment � Contribution to Universal Service Fund i.e. Payment of access of access chgs chgs, provision of emergency and disabilities , provision of emergency and disabilities services. services. � EU Regulatory Status EU Regulatory Status � Access Directive: For networks that provide publicly Access Directive: For networks that provide publicly available electronic communications services. It covers available electronic communications services. It covers access and interconnection among service providers and access and interconnection among service providers and does not apply to non- -public networks. public networks. does not apply to non Authorization Directive: Legal frameworks to ensure Authorization Directive: Legal frameworks to ensure uniform ability of all would uniform ability of all would- -be and existing providers, to be and existing providers, to provide electronic communications networks and services provide electronic communications networks and services subject only to EU public policy. subject only to EU public policy. Framework Directive: General, permissive, non- -licensing licensing Framework Directive: General, permissive, non legal framework where all are subject to general public legal framework where all are subject to general public welfare conditions and none are subject to barriers to entry welfare conditions and none are subject to barriers to entry
VoIP: 911 � Offered by Offered by Vonage Vonage, Packet8 for additional fee , Packet8 for additional fee � � Caller location info not always transmitted to 911 Caller location info not always transmitted to 911 operators operators � 911 calls typically sent to general access line 911 calls typically sent to general access line � E E- -911 (automatic location information) engineering in 911 (automatic location information) engineering in progress progress � Customer must Customer must � � manually provide location information to manually provide location information to VoIP VoIP provider at signup, provider at signup, � wait days for service to be activated wait days for service to be activated � keep provider updated if service is moved keep provider updated if service is moved � Some governments encourage users to test (once) Some governments encourage users to test (once) � � Minnesota Minnesota
Regional Cases Panama
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