Visualization and Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data: A Survey Johannes Kehrer 1,2 and Helwig Hauser 1 1 Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Norway 2 VRVis Research Center, Vienna, Austria
Motivation Large amounts of complex data in many areas medical scanners global climate automotive simulations engineering Data are increasing in complexity & variability 2 J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
Multi-faceted Scientific Data Spatiotemporal data Multi-variate/multi-field data (multiple data attributes, e.g., temperature or pressure) Multi-modal data (CT, MRI, large-scale measurements, simulations, etc.) Multi-run/ensemble simulations (repeated with varied parameter settings) Multi-model scenarios 3D time-dependent (e.g., coupled climate model) simulation data 3 J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
Multi-faceted Scientific Data Spatiotemporal data Multi-variate/multi-field data (multiple data attributes, e.g., multi-run distribution temperature or pressure) per cell Multi-modal data (CT, MRI, large-scale measurements, simulations, etc.) simulation parameters Multi-run/ensemble simulations (repeated with varied parameter settings) Multi-model scenarios 3D time-dependent (e.g., coupled climate model) simulation data 4 J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
Multi-faceted Scientific Data Coupled climate models [ Böttinger, ClimaVis08 ] Land 5 J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
Categorization Literature review of 200+ papers on scientific data How are visualization, interaction & comput. analysis combined? what are main interaction concepts how to represent characteristics / (linking & brushing, zooming, the data features view reconfiguration, etc.) interactive visual analysis visual mapping comput. analysis relation & focus+context & data abstraction comparison overview+detailinteractive & aggregation visual data fusion navigation feature spec. [compare to Keim et al. 2009; Bertine & Lalanne 2009] 6 J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
visual mapping interactive visual analysis comput. analysis relation & focus+context & data abstraction comparison overview+detail interactive & aggregation visual data fusion navigation feature spec. Fusion within a single visualization common frame of reference layering techniques (e.g., glyphs, color, transparencey) multi-volume rendering (coregistration, segmentation) spatiotemporal multi-variate multi-modal Helix glyphs [Tominski et al. 05] Layering [Kirby et al. 99] Multi-volume rendering [Beyer et al. 07] 7 J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
visual mapping interactive visual analysis comput. analysis relation & focus+context & data abstraction comparison overview+detail interactive & aggregation visual data fusion navigation feature spec. multi-variate Layering techniques [Wong ‘02] opacity modulation filigreed colormap enhancement 2D heightmap colormap + square wave modulation J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
visual mapping interactive visual analysis comput. analysis relation & focus+context & data abstraction comparison overview+detail interactive & aggregation visual data fusion navigation feature spec. Preattentive Visual Features: textures and colors [Healey & Enns 02] multi-variate temperature color wind speed coverage pressure size precipitation orientation 9 J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
visual mapping interactive visual analysis comput. analysis relation & focus+context & data abstraction comparison overview+detail interactive & aggregation visual data fusion navigation feature spec. Glyph-based visualization [Lie et al. 09] Variations of super ellipse-based glyphs Glyph Rotation (-45 , 45 ): Flow Velocity Glyph color: Normalized Temperature Low Pressure High Johannes Kehrer J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data Vapor Low High
visual mapping interactive visual analysis comput. analysis relation & focus+context & data abstraction comparison overview+detail interactive & aggregation visual data fusion navigation feature spec. Fusion of multiple simulation runs spaghetti plots [Diggle et al. 02] summary statistics (box plots and glyphs) multi-run multi-run isocontours EnsembleVis [Potter et al. 09] Glyph-based overview [Kehrer et al. 11] 11 J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
visual mapping interactive visual analysis comput. analysis relation & focus+context & data abstraction comparison overview+detail interactive & aggregation visual data fusion navigation feature spec. Fusion of multiple simulation runs q 3 spaghetti plots [Diggle et al. 02] q 2 q 1 summary statistics (box plots and glyphs) multi-run multi-run isocontours EnsembleVis [Potter et al. 09] Glyph-based overview [Kehrer et al. 11] 12 J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
visual mapping interactive visual analysis comput. analysis relation & focus+context & data abstraction overview+detail comparison interactive & aggregation visual data fusion navigation feature spec. Taxonomy [Gleicher et al. 2011] side-by-side comparison overlay in same coordinate system side-by-side comp. explicit encoding of differences / correlations spatiotemporal multi-modal overlay explicit encoding of differences 2-tone coloring [Saito et al. 05] Nested surfaces [Buskin et al. 11] 13 J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
visual mapping interactive visual analysis comput. analysis relation & focus+context & data abstraction overview+detail comparison interactive & aggregation visual data fusion navigation feature spec. Difference Views [Daae Lampe et al. 2010] spatiotemporal Mon Tue Wed average traffic Thu Fri Sat Sun 14 J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
visual mapping interactive visual analysis comput. analysis relation & focus+context & data abstraction comparison overview+detail interactive & aggregation navigation visual data fusion feature spec. Interactive search, zooming, and panning Scatterplot Matrix Navigation [Elmqvist et al. 2008] scatterplot 3D transition between matrix 2 scatterplots multi-variate 15 J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
visual mapping interactive visual analysis comput. analysis relation & focus+context & data abstraction comparison overview+detail interactive & aggregation navigation visual data fusion feature spec. [Johansson & Johansson 09] multi-variate Ranking/quality metrics [Bertini et al. 2011] clustering, correlations, outliers, image quality, etc. Automated viewpoint selection information-theoretic measures [Viola et al. 06] segmented volume data 16 J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
visual mapping interactive visual analysis comput. analysis relation & focus+context & data abstraction comparison overview+detail interactive & aggregation navigation visual data fusion feature spec. Parameter space navigation (multi-run data) input output focal variations focal point variations point [Berger et al. 11] 17 J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
visual mapping interactive visual analysis comput. analysis focus+context & relation & data abstraction overview+detail interactive comparison & aggregation navigation visual data fusion feature spec. segmented data Focus+context visualization different graphical resources [Viola et al. 05] (space, opacity, color, etc.) focus specification, e.g., by pointing, brushing or querying multi-variate Clustering & outlier preservation [Novontný & Hauser 06] 18 J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
visual mapping interactive visual analysis comput. analysis focus+context & relation & data abstraction overview+detail interactive comparison & aggregation navigation visual data fusion feature spec. Overview+detail representation of multi-run data summary statistics multi-run data quantile plot Brushing statistical moments [Kehrer et al. 10] 19 J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
visual mapping interactive visual analysis comput. analysis relation & focus+context & data abstraction overview+detail interactive comparison & aggregation navigation feature spec. visual data fusion Brushing in multiple linked views SimVis [Doleisch et al. 03, 04] 3D view attribute views 20 J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
visual mapping interactive visual analysis comput. analysis relation & focus+context & data abstraction overview+detail interactive comparison & aggregation navigation feature spec. visual data fusion Select function graphs based on similarity [Muigg et al. 2008] pattern sketched by user similarity evaluated on gradients (1st derivative) J. Kehrer Visual Analysis of Multi-faceted Scientific Data
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