download slides at: www.inequality.com/slides Violent Crime Inequality in the United States 1
download slides at: www.inequality.com/slides Violent Crime Homicide Rates and Income Inequality in the United States This image depicts the relationship between income inequality (measured by the Gini coefficient, a conventional index of income inequality) and homicide rates across US states. Higher values of the Gini coefficient represent higher levels of inequality. Generally, income inequality is positively correlated with violent crime rates within the United States. Inequality in the United States 2
download slides at: www.inequality.com/slides Violent Crime Homicide Rates and Income Inequality in OECD Countries The relationship between violent crime and income inequality also holds outside of the United States. This figure shows the relationship between income inequality and homicide rates among OECD countries. As you can see, the United States has both the highest rate of inequality and the highest per capita homicide rate. Inequality in the United States 3
download slides at: www.inequality.com/slides Violent Crime Crime Rates, Unemployment and the Great Recession Evidence suggests that US Unemployment Rates 1985-2010 increasing inequality leads to increases in crime. Recently, however, crime rates within the United States have dropped despite rising inequality and unemployment. These graphs depict the unemployment rate (top) and violent crime rate (bottom) in US Crime Rates 1985-2010 the US, showing that although unemployment has increased in recent years, crime rates have continued to fall. Source: Employment rates from the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, crime rates from, Uniform Crime Reports , Federal Bureau of Investigations. Inequality in the United States 4
download slides at: www.inequality.com/slides Violent Crime Incarceration is on the Rise The incarceration rate in the Total Inmate Population US has risen dramatically in the 2,500,000 last 30 years. We now have the highest incarceration rate in the world and we also 2,000,000 house the largest number of prisoners. In fact, we have more inmates than the top 35 1,500,000 European countries combined. 1,000,000 500,000 Top 35 United European Source: International Center for Prison Studies at States Countries King’s College, London, “World Prison Brief,” available online at: http://www.prisonstudies.org/info/ worldbrief/. Data downloaded June 2010. Inequality in the United States 5
download slides at: www.inequality.com/slides Violent Crime Male Prison Population by Race and Level of Education Your likelihood of going to White Hispanic Black prison varies dramatically by gender, level of education, and race. This figure shows that 18-64 more than one-third (37.1%) yr. olds of young black men without a high school diploma are currently behind bars. Eight percent of the total population of working age (age 18 to 64) black men are behind bars. 20-34 yr. olds 20-34 yr. olds Original Analyses by Bruce Western and Becky Pettit for The Pew Charitable Trusts. 2010. “Collateral w/out H.S. Costs: Incarceration’s Effect on Economic Mobility.” diploma/GED Washington, DC: The Pew Charitable Trusts. Inequality in the United States 6
download slides at: www.inequality.com/slides Violent Crime Children of Inmates Left Behind The rise in incarceration Percent of Children w/ an Incarcerated Parent has led to many more 12% children being exposed to Black children the experience of having an Hispanic children 10% incarcerated parent. For White children instance, by 2008, 11.4% of 8% black children (or 1 in 9) had at least one parent 6% behind bars. The figure was 1.8% for white children. 4% 2% Original Analyses by Bruce Western and Becky Pettit for The Pew Charitable Trusts. 2010. “Collateral Costs: Incarceration’s Effect 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2008 on Economic Mobility.” Washington, DC: The Pew Charitable Trusts. Inequality in the United States 7
Inequality in the United States Contributors Kendra Bischoff Education kendrab1 @ stanford.edu Anmol Chaddha Debt achaddha @ fas.harvard.edu Erin Cumberworth Mobility ecumberw @ stanford.edu Sharon Jank Gender sjank @ stanford.edu Carly Knight Politics crknight @ fas.harvard.edu Bridget Lavelle Health blavelle @ umich.edu Krystale Littlejohn Race & Ethnicity klittlej @ stanford.edu Lindsay Owens Wealth lowens @ stanford.edu David Pedulla Employment dpedulla @ princeton.edu Kristin Perkins Poverty kperkins @ fas.harvard.edu Sharon Jank Income sjank @ stanford.edu Ariela Schachter Immigration arielas1 @ stanford.edu Jordan Segall Violent Crime jsegall @ stanford.edu Chris Wimer Family cwimer @ stanford.edu download slides at: www.inequality.com/slides download slides at: www.inequality.com/slides
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