Vietnam’s experience in promoting healthy ageing Dr. Pham Vu Hoang Director of Center for Population Research, Information and Database General Office for Population and Family Planning LOGO Ministry of Health, Viet Nam
Contents Population ageing in Vietnam Experiences from Vietnam Recommendations Company Name
Population ageing in Vietnam Proportion of older people Tỷ trọng The proportion of older people (60+) in the total 60+ years (%) Tỷ trọng dân số population increased from 6.9% (1979) to 7.1% dân số 60+ (%), (1989), 8.12% (1999) and 8.9% (2009). In 2011, 60+ (%), Tỷ trọng 2049, 2039, Vietnam has officially shifted into the “ageing dân số 24.8 Tỷ trọng 20.4 population” structure when the proportion of 60+ (%), dân số Tỷ trọng 2029, 16 older people (60+) made up 9.9% (8,655,324 Tỷ trọng 60+ (%), Tỷ trọng dân số people), especially the proportion of older people dân số 2019, dân số 60+ (%), 11.2 (65+) was 7%. In 2016, older population is 11 60+ (%), 60+ (%), 2009, 8.7 1999, 8 millions and proportion is 11.9%. 1989, 7.1 Transition from “ population aging ” to “ aged population ” Time for transition from “Aging population” to Years “Aged population” in Vietnam is 20 years, shorter Series 1, Series 1, Series 1, Series 1, Series 1, Series 1, than other countries, even those with better America, Australia, Sweden, France, Series 1, Canada, Series 1, Hungary, development level. 69 73 85 115 Poland, 65 England, Series 1, Series 1, 53 47 Series 1, Series 1, 45 Spain, 45 Vietnam, Japan, 26 China, 26 20
Population ageing in Vietnam Characteristics of older people in Vietnam Tỷ trọng 1. The older group has the highest Tỷ trọng dân số dân số increase: Between 1989 and 2013, the 60+ (%), 60+ (%), Tỷ trọng total population increased 1.53 times, 2049, 2039, dân số the population group 0-14 decreased, Tỷ trọng 24.8 20.4 60+ (%), dân số the population in working age (15-59) Tỷ trọng 2029, 16 Tỷ trọng 60+ (%), increased 1.7 times, while the older Tỷ trọng dân số dân số 2019, dân số population (60+) increased 2.1 times. 60+ (%), 60+ (%), 11.2 60+ (%), 2009, 8.7 1999, 8 1989, 7.1 2. The oldest age group increases the most in older population: It is estimated that in 2049, the proportion of older people 80+ would increase 5.4 Age group 1989 2009 2013 2015 times from 0.7% to 3.8% compared to 60-64 2.4 2.3 2.9 3.7 1989, while younger age groups would 65-69 1.9 1.8 1.8 2.4 increase slowly. 70-74 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.7 75-79 0.8 1.4 1.3 1.4 80+ 0.7 1.5 1.8 2.1 Source: Vietnam GSO, Population and Housing Survey 1989, 2009; Population Change and Family Planning Survey 2013, 2015
Population ageing in Vietnam Characteristics of older people in Vietnam 3. There are big gaps among older age groups in different areas: More than two-thirds (66.8%) of older people live in countryside (GSO, 2014). 4. Women make up a large part in the older age group: There is a big gap in gender structure of Age group Number of the older age group in Vietnam. The higher the age, the bigger gap in gender structure. In 2015, females/100 in the group age 60-79, there is one male per 1.3 males female; in group age 80+ this ratio is 1/per 1.8, 60-69 122 and in group 85+, 1/2.1. The main reason for this gap is women’s higher life expectancy. 70-79 152 80+ 187 Source: Vietnam GSO, Population Change and Family Planning Survey 2013, 2015
Population ageing in Vietnam Health Condition of older persons Percent of older persons with chronic Life expectancy at birth: 73.3 years. Bệnh, diseases (%), 2011 Male: 70.7 years, Female: 76.1 years Cardiova (GSO, 2015) scular, dental, Healthy life expectancy of male: 63.2 pulmona years; Female: 70.0 years; average ry, and number of years with diseases of male other Bệnh, chronic elderly: 8 years; of female elderly: 11 Blood diseas … Pressure years (WHO, 2015). , 46, 46% Self-reported health condition: healthy: 4.8%; normal: 29.8; weak and Bệnh, very weak: 65.4% Osteoart Blood Pressure hritis, 34, Disease model of older persons: 34% Osteoarthritis Each has about 2.7 diseases, mostly chronic diseases Cardiovascular, dental, pulmonary, and other chronic diseases Source: VNAS, 2011
Population ageing in Vietnam Health Condition of older persons Percent of older persons with functional loss Percent of older persons with disabilities, (self-reported), 2009 2015 Cơ cấu Cơ cấu Male, Female, Female, mức độ mức độ Disability, Disability, Multi- khuyết Male, Female, khuyết 40 46 Female, disability, Female, tật, Seeing, 34 Female, Multi- Male, tật, Seeing, 28 Male, Remember 31 Hearing, Male, Moving, 29 disability, Failure in Male, Hearing, ing, 26 Very 25 Remember 24 performi Moving, 22 21 difficult, ing, 19 ng 4 functio … 7, 7% Cơ cấu mức độ Cơ cấu khuyết mức độ tật, khuyết Failure in performing 4 functions Difficult tật, No Very difficult , 33, difficult, Difficult Male Female 33% No difficult 58, 58% Source: UNFPA, 2009 Source: MOH, Joint Annual Health Review 2016 Older persons’ functional decrease increase by age. They need help and support (long-term care).
Experiences from Vietnam Policies and Programs on older people • 2000, Ordinance on the Elderly • 2009, Law on the Elderly • Constitution (2013) 2000 - Now • National Action Program on Older People, 2012-2020. • Additional regulations and policies on caring and promoting the role of older people issued • 1995, The Vietnam Association for the Elderly 1995 – 1999 established • Constitution (1946 ) • No specific policy for the elderly 1945 – 1994 Vietnam’s policy system on elder people has been improved. Since 2000, a number of policies on caring and promoting the roles of older people has been issued in responding to the increasing trend in the number of older people of the total population.
A public-health framework for Healthy Ageing: opportunities for public-health action WHO (2015), World Report on Ageing and Health.
Experiences from Vietnam Health Services Health care system for older persons Central Geriatric Hospital Central 63 provincial general hospitals (geriatric ward) Professional Province Private hospitals 629 district hospitals, 700 district health centers District 544 regional clinics General private hospitals, private clinics 11,100 commune heath stations Village health unit Commune private clinics, family doctors Health care for older persons in integrated in the current health system at four level: central, province, district, commune.
Experiences from Vietnam Health Services Use of health services among older persons by type of service, 2012 Inpatient treatment, In 2012, 9 millions older persons District had 29 million visits. hospitals, Inpatient Inpatient Inpatient 14% health check-up 4 treatment, treatment, treatment, Outpatient Clinics, 1 Private Central 77% outpatient treatment treatment, Inpatient health Outpatient Hospitals, District Outpatient Outpatient treatment, 9% inpatient treatment treatment, facility, 0.5 4 hospitals, treatment, treatment, Others, 0.1 Clinics, 16 22 Central Outpatient Private Health Health Hospitals, treatment, Health health Health Check-up, Check-up, 13 Others, 11 Check-up, facility, 15 Health Check-up, District Central Private Check-up, Clinics, 5 hospitals, Hospitals, health Others, 1 4 3 facility, 1 Inpatient treatment Outpatient treatment Health Check-up Source: VHLSS, 2012
Experiences from Vietnam Long-term Care Models Community-based care Institutional care Public NGO, civil society Private Public NGO, civil Private society Village Volunteers Inter- Community- Home Day care Family Social Nursing Nursing health generational based care centers doctors protection homes/ institutions workers clubs volunteers services centers centers The government encourages the development of long-term care models. Community-based care Institutional care
Experiences from Vietnam Age-friendly Evionment Care for material life Care for mental life Older people (80+) are Having the right to join the provided with health Insurance Vietnam’s Association of the card for free, priority at health Elderly. Age-friendly check-up. Program for older persons on environment Reduction in transportation fare mass media. (20%) Older people are encouraged in Retired older people (pensions); the following aspects: cultural, Older people (80+) with neither educational, sports, tourism pensions: economic and recreational 270,000 VND/person/month activities; they are encouraged to Lonely older people: older promote their talents, knowledge people (60-80): and good qualities in participating 405,000 VND/person/month; socio-cultural activities. older people (80+): 540,000 Text Health of older persons VND/person/month Older people live in social protection centers. 1,080,000 VND/person/month The Government, ministries (Health, Labour, Culture) provide regulations and guidelines on care for material life (food, clothing, travelling), spiritual life (education, information, sport, recreation, social relations, religion/belief and contribution) and health care for older persons.
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