Tropical Fruits Tropical Fruits See Home page under References and - PDF document

Reading Tropical Fruits Tropical Fruits • See Home page under References and Nuts and Nuts • The CIAT Tropical Fruits Program – James Cock Immense diversity Immense diversity Potential for economic development Potential for economic development Tropical Horticulture - Texas A&M University Immense Diversity A Few Species Dominate the Market • Americas • 89% of the market – 100 commonly found in – Citrus markets – Bananas and plantains – More than 1,000 – Mangos • Southeast Asia – Pineapple – About 500 • 5% of the market • Indian Subcontinent – Papayas – 300 species – Avocados – Dates • Africa – 1,200 edible fruits Tropical Horticulture - Texas A&M University Tropical Horticulture - Texas A&M University Production of Major Tropical Fruit Crops Other 6% of the Market • Mombin • Breadfruit 300 • Jackfruit • Carambola 250 • Longan • Cherimoya 200 Million MT • Mammee • Custard apple 150 • Mangosteen • Durian • Naranjilla • Feijoa 100 • Passion fruit • Guava 50 • Rambutan • Hog plum 0 • Sapote • Mamey colorado 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 • Cainito • Sapodilla Mainly citrus, bananas, plantains, mangos, and pineapples • Tree tomato • Star apple Tropical Horticulture - Texas A&M University Tropical Horticulture - Texas A&M University 1

Tropical Fruit Production Trends • Most (96%) consumed locally • Production of tropical fruits is increasing • Most are highly perishable • Variety of tropical fruits available in • Rapid increase in consumption of processed produce markets of temperate regions is fruit increasing – Juices • Per capita consumption in world has increased 1/3 over 20 years – Flavored milk products – Increased awareness of health benefits – Frozen pulp – Increased demand for exotic fruits in temperate regions Tropical Horticulture - Texas A&M University Tropical Horticulture - Texas A&M University Tropical Fruit Production Tropical Fruit Production • Labor intensive • Perennial Crops • High value crops – Adaptable to sustainable management – Average value per ton of $870 systems in hilly ecosystems – Average yield per ha of 10 tons • Potential for facilitating rural economic – Potential value of almost $9,000 development – Compare with 2 crops of rice or maize with a value of $2,000 per ha Tropical Horticulture - Texas A&M University Tropical Horticulture - Texas A&M University Tropical Fruit Production Fruit Production • Major Tropical Fruits and Nuts (excluding citrus) Crop Production (1000s mt) – Bananas and Plantains Banana 72,167 – Pineapple Plantains 25,309 – Mango – Papayas Pineapple 15,422 – Avocado Mangoes 28,730 – Cashew • Many Minor Fruit and Nut Crops Papaya 5,878 Avocado 2,455 FAOSTAT database, 2000-2002 Tropical Horticulture - Texas A&M University Tropical Horticulture - Texas A&M University 2

Temperate Fruit Production Nut Production FAOSTAT database, 2000-2004; Quinlink and Wilk, 2005. Crop Production (1000s mt) Crop Production (1000s mt) 1980-1984 2000-2004 Grape 62,000 Almond 1,041 1,530 Apple 58,000 Walnut 826 1,365 Brazil nut 53 72 Pear 16,860 Cashews 148 598 Peach 13,496 Macadamia ?? 23 Plum 9,227 FAOSTAT database, 2000-2002 Tropical Horticulture - Texas A&M University Tropical Horticulture - Texas A&M University Question Questions?? Tropical Horticulture - Texas A&M University 3