Transport and Emissions in the Liverpool City Region Performance and Performance and Review Sub-Committee 24 November 2014 Stephen Littler, Corporate Performance Manager
AIM � Brief background to area being reviewed � Present timetable of reviews for approval � Suggest questionnaire agreement approach � Agree interviewees to plan dates
Terms of Reference Summary for the Task and Finish Group Emission reduction interventions undertaken Scope through the Transport Partnership LCR where current LTP Partnership has control / Review Area influence Review the role of transport in emissions reduction • Aim (carbon and air quality) in the LCR Review the current strategic approach to reducing • emissions Identify any ‘controllable elements’ that could be • improved through Partnership intervention Set an approach to the delivery of identified • interventions recognising those where only ‘influence’ exists
Terms of Reference Summary for the Task and Finish Group Identification of areas of strength and weakness in • Outcomes managing and reducing emissions Prioritised potential ways forward to continue or • improve on current approach / capability A set of recommendations that contribute to • emission reductions supported and / or delivered by the Partnership Desktop exercise to review current Transport • Partnership activity in support of emissions reduction Methodology Overview of how emissions are monitored and • managed, or otherwise Establish the level of resourcing required to achieve • required emission reductions and / or targets Undertake evidence gathering sessions from key • ‘witnesses’
Statutory Background Air Quality � Local authorities have statutory responsibilities for local air quality management (LAQM) under the Air Quality Strategy (AQS) � UK Air Quality Strategy objectives for the following pollutants: - - Nitrogen oxides Nitrogen oxides - - Particulate matter Particulate matter - Benzene - 1,3-butadiene - Sulphur dioxide - Carbon monoxide - Lead � EU legislative risks and fines due to poor air quality � EU level targets and Directives eg vehicle emissions, fuels, EURO standards
Statutory Background Carbon Dioxide CO 2 � Climate Change Act 2008 (National target) � No local statutory duty or requirements (was NI185) � Are Policy and Strategic expectations � Assessment tools for funding require an understanding of impacts on CO2 � Expect to see application of evidence-based remedial actions � EU level targets and Directives eg vehicle emissions, fuels, EURO standards
General National Context Passenger cars produce nearly 60% of all CO2 emissions from road � transport in the UK, compared to just 5% from buses (Department of Energy and Climate Change 2011). Congestion dramatically increases CO2 emissions from road vehicles. � Under heavily congested conditions tail pipe emissions can be increased by as much as 3 or 4 times. Operators are achieving savings in fuel consumption, carbon savings � from alternative fuels and are investing in low carbon vehicles, which are estimated to use 30% less CO2 than diesel equivalents Recognised difficulties in decoupling economic growth from increases � in carbon emissions in the transport sector due to reliance on fossil fuels Not all about transport – impacts, costs and solutions are wider �
General National Context 99% of all transport in the UK currently runs on oil products, and � transport accounts for 74% of the UK’s consumption of oil technological advances have already made available low emission � engines Damage calculations � CO2 – IPCC assessment report “The net damage costs of climate change are projected to be significant and to increase over time�..It is very likely that globally aggregated figures underestimate the damage costs because they cannot include many non-quantifiable impacts”
National Context (Air Quality) Source: PTEG
National Context (Air Quality) Source: PTEG
Local Context (Air Quality)
Local context (Air Quality) Pollution source Percentage of total tonnage Percentage of total tonnage of NOx emissions of PM10 emissions Transport 35 18 Industrial and Commercial 47 71 Domestic 15 7 Other 2 3 Source – Merseyside Atmospherics Emissions Inventory, 2012 data (Sefton MBC) 100 90 80 Proportion of NOx Emissions % 70 60 HGV 50 Bus/Coach LGV 40 Car 30 20 10 0 Merseyside Millersbridge M6 AQMA Hawthorne Princess Way Dale St AQMA Rd AQMA AQMA
Merseyside Atmospheric Emissions 2012 Road Traffic Update sent to Merseytravel each year 2012 Pollutant emissions (tonnes) GWP Total* Emission Source NO X PM 10 CO CO2 CO2 Equivalent Major road traffic 2,680 58 3,222 873,013 881,224 Minor road traffic 1,282 32 1,889 456,989 462,525 Cold starts, hot soaks, diurnal evaporation 272 15 3,824 - - Rail traffic (based on 2008 timetables) 266 5 110 16,831 18,866 Bus & rail stations 16 0.5 8 1,462 1,508 Airport (Liverpool) 178 2 224 48,139 48,384 Shipping port 1,240 52 3,072 126,615 126,615 TRANSPORT TOTAL 5,935 165 12,349 1,523,049 1,539,122 Industrial & Commercial Electricity Use"" - - - 1,774,830 1,774,830 Industrial & Commercial Gas Use 629 18 213 1,171,934 1,171,934 Other Industrial & Commercial Fuel Use & Activities 7,282 627 1,636 443,093 504,151 INDUSTRIAL & COMMERCIAL TOTAL 7,911 645 1,849 3,389,857 3,450,915 Domestic Electricity Use"" - - - 1,237,410 1,237,410 Domestic Gas Use 2,544 18 1,132 2,103,827 2,103,827 Domestic Solid Fuel Use 29 44 1,275 25,346 27,309 Domestic House & Garden Machinery 21 0 1,574 7,764 7,959 DOMESTIC TOTAL 2,594 63 3,982 3,374,348 3,376,506 AGRICULTURE 300 30 127 6,993 10,199 GRAND TOTAL 16,740 903 18,307 8,294,247 8,376,742 Source NO X PM 10 CO CO 2 CO 2 Equivalent Total Transport Related Emissions 5,935 165 12,349 1,523,049 1,539,122 (% contribution to Merseyside total emissions) 35.45 18.26 67.46 18.36 18.37 Road Transport Emissions 4,234 105 8,935 1,330,002 1,343,749 (% contribution to Merseyside total emissions) 25.29 11.58 48.81 16.04 16.04
Why do anything? � EU and UK legislation � EU fines (£300,000,000/yr to UK) � Health impacts � ‘Knock-on’ economic factors inc health costs, investment damage � Many impacts can be avoided, reduced or delayed by mitigation � Declining and expensive fossil fuels
Projects / Activity � Many specific projects, some local embedding of considerations, other nationally set mechanisms, some direct/indirect e.g. � LTP Goal 2 and indicators (short and long term actions) – LTP annual report and data collection � New Transport Strategy (Transport Plan for Growth) – Proposed Theme on carbon and emissions and KPI? � District Air Quality Action Plans � Districts own internal Carbon Management approaches
Projects / Activity � Low Carbon Economy Committee led through the LEP � Specific projects (next slide) � On-going mechanisms: planning and development control, traffic management, parking charges, highways design, operators fleet renewal, logistics, private vehicle purchases operators fleet renewal, logistics, private vehicle purchases � Measurement and modelling (MAEI)
Projects / Activity LTP3 Partnership Progress (reported to P+R Oct 2014) • E-Mobility Strategy • E-Mobility Strategy • Clean Bus Technology Fund • Clean Vehicle Technology Fund • Green Bus Fund • OLEV - Electric Vehicles Charging Points • Travelwise and Smarter Choices Programme • Local Sustainable Transport Fund (BIONIC extension) • Merseyside Atmospheric Emissions Inventory (MAEI) • Public transport improvements and associated infrastructure eg ticketing, supported services, information, accessibility
Considerations Emissions from transport depend on three key variables: � the fossil carbon content of fuel consumed; ALTERNATIVES � the fuel efficiency of vehicles; TECHNOLOGY � the distance travelled and the means of transport chosen. BEHAVIOUR It is essential to address all three of these in the most cost- effective and practical way possible
Planning Timescales Key Dates Activity Deadlines 24 November 2014 Committee - Presentations on reviews N/A (background, approach, interviewees) End Nov Agree questionnaire content N/A Dec – Jan Conduct interviews N/A 5 January Committee - Q2 issues report/s 19 December (submission) 2 February 2015 Committee - Presentation / report on 19 January draft review findings (submission) 23 March 2015 Committee - Final reviews report 9 March Q3 issues report/s (submission)
Planning Timescales Undertake evidence gathering sessions from the following suggested witnesses: Huw Jenkins / Rebecca Taylor / Christine Darbyshire / Stephen Birch Huw Jenkins / Rebecca Taylor / Christine Darbyshire / Stephen Birch • Shane Fitzpatrick or Frank Rogers • David Blainey / Halton Transport rep • Carole JE (Smarter Choices / Travelwise) • Howard Farrell (Arriva) • Elisabeth Tasker (Stagecoach) • Tim Schwanen - Oxford University Professor • LEP – Low Carbon Economy Committee •
Actions • Request any further background to area being reviewed • Agree timetable for reviews • Agree questionnaire approach (via leads) • Agree interviewees for Committee to arrange dates
Questions
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