Transition the patrimonialization of post-communist Europe Prof - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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European Research Centre for Anti-Corruption and State-Building The Other Transition the patrimonialization of post-communist Europe Prof of. . Dr Dr. . Alina Mun ungiu-Pippidi May y 2014 pi pippidi@hertie-schoo ool.or org

European Research Centre for Anti-Corruption and State-Building The Other Transition • the patrimonialization of post-communist Europe Prof of. . Dr Dr. . Alina Mun ungiu-Pippidi May y 2014 pi pippidi@hertie-schoo ool.or org House of head of Communist party, 1 Simferopol, Crimeea, 2004 www.againstcorruption.eu
The gap to fill in the EU and the neighboring regions 10 Control of corruption score 8 (recoded 1-10 best) 6 4 2 0 Western Europe Southern Europe New EU Member The Balkans Former Soviet States (post 2004) Union 1996 2012
The consequences of corruption: Low tax collection 30 MLT 25 GEO (% of GDP in 2011) Tax revenues SRB HUN EU15 BIH 20 BGR HRV UKR MDA ROM SVN ARM MKD POL KGZ EST 15 RUS BLR CZE LTU LVA AZE SVK 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Control of Corruption 2010 (recoded 1 to 10 best) Source: World Bank data
The consequences of corruption: Brain drain 5 EU15 SVN 4 CZE MLT EST Brain drain RUS MNE (1-7 best) KAZ AZE POL LVA 3 HUN GEO UKR HRV ALB ROM LTU TJK ARM SVK KGZ MKD BGR 2 SRB BIH 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Control of Corruption 2007 (recoded 1-10 best) Source: World Economic Forum data
Causes of corruption in the region: Captive media 8 EU15 EST MLT SVN Control of Corruption (2012) 6 POL (recoded 1-10 best) HUN LTU GEO CZE LVA SVK MKD HRV MNE BGR 4 ROM BIH SRB BLR ARM MDA ALB KAZ RUS UKR AZE KGZ 2 TJK UZB TKM 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Freedom of the Press (0-100 most free) Source: Freedom House data
Causes of corruption in the region: Low/restricted internet access (lack of individual empowerment) 8 EU15 EST MLT SVN 6 POL Control of Corruption (2012) HUN LTU GEO (recoded 1-10 best) CZE LVA SVK MKD HRV MNE BGR ROM 4 BIH SRB BLR ARM MDA ALB KAZ UKR RUS KGZ AZE 2 TJK UZB TKM 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Internet users (% of population) Source: World Bank data
Causes of corruption in the region: Weak civil society (lack of collective empowerment) 7 EST SVN POL Control of Corruption (2012) LTU HUN GEO CZE 5 LVA (recoded 1-10 best) SVK MKD HRV MNE BGR BIH SRB ROM ARM BLR MDA 3 ALB KAZ RUS UKR AZE KGZ TJK UZB TKM 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 NIT Civil Society rating (2011) (1 to 7 worst) Source: Freedom House data
Public sector driven by favoritism % of respondents who think Region that personal contacts are important Western Europe 47 Southern Europe 66 New EU Member States 59 Former Soviet Union 63 Ukraine 75 Russia 73 The Balkans 68 Serbia 59 8
…and corruption Equal treatment in the public health care Unequal treatment in the public health system care system % of citizens who % of respondents who % of citizens who % of citizens who pay Region / Country perceive equal pay bribes from those perceive unequal bribes from those treatment perceiving equality treatment perceiving inequality Northern Europe 64 2 36 98 Mediterranean 58 7 42 93 Europe New EU 47 13 53 87 Members (2004- 2013) Serbia 39 25 61 75 Ukraine 25 12 75 88 9

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