Biomass Renewable Energy from South Carolina’s Forests Tim Adams
• Approved biomass sources • Biomass resource availability studies • Long-term monitoring & reporting of SC’s forest resource • Projections of future wood supply • Environmental protection programs for forestry activities • Chain of custody from forest to plant • Emissions monitoring & verification
Forms of waste wood? or Pulpwood?
Cost per ton $20 $22 $24 $26 $28 $30 Mill Residues 2,571,000 2,931,000 3,291,000 3,651,000 5,610,000 5,610,000 Logging 600,000 1,360,000 1,800,000 3,400,000 4,380,000 4,530,000 Residues Standing 392,000 981,000 1,275,000 2,419,000 3,138,000 3,269,000 Residuals 1,252,000 1,418,000 1,584,000 1,749,000 1,915,000 2,081,000 Urban Wood Precommercial 0 0 0 0 0 594,000 Thinning Totals 4.8 million 6.7 million 8.0 million 11.2 million 15.0 million 16.1 million Currently Utilized Partially Utilized Not Utilized
Roundwood into Pellets
• Goal: To describe SCFC Forest Inventory & Analysis Program the extent and condition of the state’s forests. • Have completed 10 surveys between 1936 and 2011. • Data collection – SC Forestry Commission • Data analysis – USDA Forest Service
Area of Forestland by Forest Type and Stand-Size Class, SC 2013 4 3.5 Area (million acres) 3 2.5 Softwood Forest Types 2 Hardwood Forest Types 1.5 1 0.5 0 Small Diameter Medium Diameter Large Diameter Stand-Size Class
South Carolina Forest Types, 2013 Lowland Hardwoods Natural Pine 19% 24% Upland Hardwoods 22% Planted Pine 24% Mixed Pine/Hardwood 11%
Area of South Carolina Timberland by Ownership Group, 2013 7% 4% Federal 1% State and Local Forest Industry Nonindustrial Private 88%
SC BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES MANUAL • Silvicultural guidelines first published in 1976 • Best management Practices for Forested Wetlands published in 1989 • Current manual published in 1994 • Supplement addressing braided streams published in 1999 • Biomass guidelines published in 2012 BMPs FOR FORESTRY IN SOUTH CAROLINA TIMBER OPERATIONS PROFESSIONAL PROGRAM
OVERALL BMP COMPLIANCE – 93.4% Harvesting BMP Compliance by Year 98 98.6 100 94 93.4 91.5 89.5 95 84.5 84.7 90 Percent Compliance 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 1991 1993 1994 2000 2005 2006 2009 2012 Percent Compliance BMPs FOR FORESTRY IN SOUTH CAROLINA TIMBER OPERATIONS PROFESSIONAL PROGRAM
MONTHLY CE REPORT BMPs FOR FORESTRY IN SOUTH CAROLINA TIMBER OPERATIONS PROFESSIONAL PROGRAM
For a high-valued product, an intensive chain of custody procedure can be required by the manufacturing plant even to the extent of bar coding each log in For low-valued products, like the woods and tracking it to the biomass for energy, the Forestry plant. This is typically Commission’s Courtesy Exam determined by the end user. Program could suffice for a chain of custody procedure. Harvested sites that are out-of-compliance with forestry BMP’s are listed monthly and mills that received the wood are notified.
1. Likely intention is to track carbon through regulated mechanisms across utilities and states. 2. Possible mechanisms include carbon registries and carbon trading. 3. Private sector solutions are preferred to government programs. 4. The SC Forestry Commission has played a support role.
• Approved biomass sources • Biomass resource availability studies • Long-term monitoring & reporting of SC’s forest resource • Projections of future wood supply • Environmental protection programs for forestry activities • Chain of custody from forest to plant • Emissions monitoring & verification
803-896-8802 tadams@scfc.gov www.trees.sc.gov
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