THIRTYFIVE YEARS OF THIRTYFIVE YEARS OF APPLICATION OF APPLICATION OF MICROPILES IN AUSTRIA MICROPILES IN AUSTRIA Manfred FROSS Manfred FROSS Dipl.- -Ing. Ing. Dr.techn Dr.techn., ., Ass.Prof.i.R Ass.Prof.i.R. . Dipl. Geotechnical Consultant Consultant Geotechnical Vienna, , Austria Austria Vienna M. Fross: 35 years of application of micropiles in IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany Austria May 3-7, 2006 1
CONTENTS CONTENTS � Introduction Introduction � � Types Types of of micropiles micropiles used used in in Austria Austria, , � � 8 8 examples examples of of applications applications of of micropiles micropiles in in � Austria between between 1971 and 2005 1971 and 2005 Austria � Activities Activities in in Austria Austria to to promote promote the the use use of of � micropiles micropiles � Closing Closing remarks remarks � M. Fross: 35 years of IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany application of micropiles in Austria May 3-7, 2006 2
Types of of Types micropiles micropiles used in in used Austria in in the the Austria period first first period from 1971 1971 until until from about 1980 1980 about M. Fross: 35 years of IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany application of micropiles in Austria May 3-7, 2006 3
8 examples examples of of application application of of 8 micropiles in in Austria Austria 1971 1971 - - 2005 2005 micropiles 1) Kläranalage Kläranalage GÜSSING/Burgenland 1971/72 GÜSSING/Burgenland 1971/72 1) 2) ÖBB- -Brücke Südtirolerplatz Brücke Südtirolerplatz – –U 1/ U 1/Vienna Vienna 1972/73 2) ÖBB 1972/73 3) Haus REISCH Schwarzsee bei KITZBÜHEL/Tyrol Tyrol 1974/75 1974/75 3) Haus REISCH Schwarzsee bei KITZBÜHEL/ 4) Halle DONAUPLASTIK Auhof Auhof/ /Vienna Vienna 1976/77 4) Halle DONAUPLASTIK 1976/77 5) Freibad WILDSCHÖNAU/Tyrol Tyrol 1979/80 5) Freibad WILDSCHÖNAU/ 1979/80 6) Waldsiedlung BISAMBERG/Lower Lower Austria Austria 1992/94 6) Waldsiedlung BISAMBERG/ 1992/94 7) Kurzentrum BAD SAUERBRUNN/Burgenland 2001/02 7) Kurzentrum BAD SAUERBRUNN/Burgenland 2001/02 8) Tunnel RANNERSDORF S 1/Lower Lower Austria Austria 2004/05 8) Tunnel RANNERSDORF S 1/ 2004/05 Examples 1 to 3: Type “Wurzelpfahl“, 1 to 3: Type “Wurzelpfahl“, examples examples 4 to 6: Type 4 to 6: Type Examples GEWI- -piles piles, , Example Example 7: 7: type type DUKTIl DUKTIl- -piles piles, , example example 8: 8: GEWI GEWI- -tension tension- -piles piles. . GEWI M. Fross: 35 years of IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany application of micropiles in Austria May 3-7, 2006 4
EXAMPLE No. 1 EXAMPLE No. 1 � A A new new sewage sewage tank of Kläranlage tank of Kläranlage � GÜSSING/Burgenland (10 m diameter diameter, 13 m high) , 13 m high) GÜSSING/Burgenland (10 m was built built without without any any soil soil investigation investigation, , founded founded on a on a was spread foundation foundation ( (slab slab). ). spread � After a After a first first test test filling filling with with water water an an inclination inclination with with a a � differential settlement settlement of 25 cm of 25 cm occured occured. . differential � Supplementary Supplementary investigation investigation borings borings showed showed a a layer layer of of � peat in in one one borehole borehole in a in a depth depth of 7 m to 8 m. of 7 m to 8 m. peat � Rehabilitation ( Rehabilitation (underpinning underpinning) was ) was performed performed by by 16 16 � micropiles ( (type type Wurzelpfahl), Wurzelpfahl), the the first first application application of of micropiles micropiles in in Austria Austria, , execution execution in in winter winter 1972. 1972. micropiles M. Fross: 35 years of IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany application of micropiles in Austria May 3-7, 2006 5
Section through through the the sewage sewage tank tank Section with differntial differntial settlements settlements of 25 cm of 25 cm with M. Fross: 35 years of IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany application of micropiles in Austria May 3-7, 2006 6
Results of 2 of 2 Results supplementary supplementary borings borings M. Fross: 35 years of IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany application of micropiles in Austria May 3-7, 2006 7
Rehabilitation of the the sewage sewage tank tank with with Rehabilitation of 16 micropiles micropiles ( (type type „Wurzelpfahl“) „Wurzelpfahl“) 16 M. Fross: 35 years of IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany application of micropiles in Austria May 3-7, 2006 8
M. Fross: 35 years of IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany application of micropiles in Austria May 3-7, 2006 9
EXAMPLE No. 2 EXAMPLE No. 2 � The The footings footings of a of a railway railway bridge bridge in VIENNA in VIENNA close close � to „Südbahnhof“ were were strengthened strengthened by by micropiles micropiles to „Südbahnhof“ (type type Wurzelpfahl) Wurzelpfahl) prior prior to to tunneling tunneling works works of of ( Vienna metro metro line line U 1 ( U 1 (tunnel tunnel construction construction of of the the Vienna 2 tubes tubes with with BADE BADE shield shield machine machine) in 1972/73. ) in 1972/73. 2 � It It was was the the first first application application of of micropiles micropiles for for � a public public building building in a in a cooperation cooperation of of the the building building a authorities of of Vienna Vienna with with Austrian Austrian railways railways (ÖBB). (ÖBB). authorities � Displacements Displacements during during piling piling and and tunneling tunneling works works � were only only 4 mm to 7 mm. 4 mm to 7 mm. were M. Fross: 35 years of IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany application of micropiles in Austria May 3-7, 2006 10
Cross section section Cross through the the through railway bridge bridge railway and the the metro metro and tunnels of U 1 of U 1 tunnels Time – –settlement settlement Time behaviour during during behaviour piling and and piling tunneling works works tunneling M. Fross: 35 years of IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany application of micropiles in Austria May 3-7, 2006 11
EXAMPLE No. 3 EXAMPLE No. 3 � A A new new house house (double (double bungalow bungalow) ) near near � KITZBÜHEL/Tyrol Tyrol close close to to lake lake SCHWARZSEE SCHWARZSEE KITZBÜHEL/ built 1974 was 1974 was founded founded on a on a spread spread foundation foundation built (reinforced reinforced concrete concrete slab slab d = 30 cm) on a d = 30 cm) on a compacted compacted ( fill of of coarse coarse material. No material. No soil soil investigations investigations were were done done. . fill � Just Just before before finishing finishing this this house house differential differential settlements settlements � of about about 35 cm (!) 35 cm (!) occured occured. . of � Supplementary Supplementary soil soil investigation investigation showed showed a a lense lense- -like like � layer of of very very soft soft peat peat between between a a depth depth of 3 m to 5 m. of 3 m to 5 m. layer � Rehabilitation ( Rehabilitation (underpinning underpinning ) was ) was performed performed 1975 1975 by by � 21 micropiles micropiles ( (type type Wurzelpfahl), Wurzelpfahl), bored bored through through the the 21 foundation slab slab. . foundation M. Fross: 35 years of IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany application of micropiles in Austria May 3-7, 2006 12
M. Fross: 35 years of IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany application of micropiles in Austria May 3-7, 2006 13
Time- -dependant dependant settlement settlement- -behaviour behaviour Time of the the building building before before and and after after the the of underpinning with with micropiles micropiles underpinning M. Fross: 35 years of IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany application of micropiles in Austria May 3-7, 2006 14
EXAMPLE No. 4 EXAMPLE No. 4 � An An new new industrial industrial building building in in Vienna Vienna ( (prefabricated prefabricated � reinforced concrete concrete elements elements) ) founded founded on on rather rather small small reinforced single footings footings showed showed differential differential settlements settlements already already single during construction construction work work. . during � A A loose loose fill fill of of course course soil soil material ( material (sandy sandy gravel gravel) was ) was � not recognized recognized as a as a fill fill because because of of insufficient insufficient in in- -situ situ not soil investigation investigation. . soil � Rehabilitation ( Rehabilitation (underpinning underpinning) was ) was performed performed by by � micropiles 1976/77. 1976/77. It It was was the the first first application application of of the the micropiles type GEWI GEWI- -pile pile in in Austria Austria. . type M. Fross: 35 years of IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany application of micropiles in Austria May 3-7, 2006 15
M. Fross: 35 years of IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany application of micropiles in Austria May 3-7, 2006 16
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