THESIS THESIS PERSONAL ENERGY HARVESTING Harvested Energy A person is genera � ng energy during a day life ac � vity, an energy that can be transformed into electricity and can be served for human needs. However, people prefer to create energy by exploding tons of Carbon Dioxide into the sphere and waste Earth resources. As of now, we already have created huge ci � es like New York, Moscow, and Tokyo that consist of a huge popula � on ( ci � zens plus enormous number of tourists that are coming each year ). Those ci � es have already developed their transporta � on systems and their infrastructure which makes them so successful and a � rac � ve for new comers. They are producing a lot of energy on a daily basis. This energy should be interes � ng for engineers and architects because it can and needs to be realized in a good way to support and serve people’s needs. I believe that we can sustain buildings with ability to harvest energy produced by people.
THESIS THESIS INFORMATION Harvested Energy Energy is everywhere in the environment surrounding us — available in the form of thermal energy, light (solar) energy, wind energy, and mechanical energy. However, the energy from these sources is often found in such minute quantities that it cannot supply adequate power for any viable purpose. In fact, until recently, it has not been possible to capture such energy sufficiently to perform any useful work. Common Sources of Energy Harvesting Mechanical Energy – from sources such as vibration, mechanical stress and strain Thermal Energy – waste energy from furnaces, heaters, and friction sources Light Energy – captured from sunlight or room light via photo sensors, photo diodes, or solar panels Electromagnetic Energy – from inductors, coils and transformers Natural Energy – from the environment such as wind, water flow, ocean currents, and solar Human Body – a combination of mechanical and thermal energy naturally generated from bio- organisms or through actions such as walking and sitting Other Energy – from chemical and biological sources
SYSTEMS ENERGY HARVESING ENERGY HARVESING Harvested Energy An energy harvesting system generally requires an energy source such as vibration, heat, light or air flow and three other key electronic components, including: An Energy conversion device such as a piezoelectric element that can translate the energ electrical form An energy harvesting module that captures, stores and manages power for the device - An End application such as a ZigBee enable wireless sensor network or control and mon devices. Ambient light, thermal gradients, vibration/motion or electromagnetic radiation can be harvested to power Energy Harvesting (EH) designs that convert the rela- tively low levels of energy into an amount that can pro- below shows the major components of an autonomous wireless sensor which are the EH transducer, Energy Processing, Sensor, Microcontroller and the Wireless stage that must be addressed for successful EH imple- mentations: Energy Conversion, Energy Storage, and Power Management.
HEAT PRODUCTION PEOPLE The amount of heat produced by a human body depends on the individuals, their weight, and their level of activity. The total amount of heat produced over a period of time is equal to the total calories consumed minus any useful mechanical work perfomed. Average 2400 kilocalories per day Average 100 kilocalories per hour 116 Watts Sleeping Sleeping 80 Watts 80 Watts Awake/sitting 116 Watts Sprinting 1.6 KWatts
HEA T ECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY SEEBECK EFFECT Vo is the output voltage in volts axy is the differential Seebeck coefficient between the two materials, x and y, in volts/ Th and Tc are the hot and cold thermocouple temperatures, o K o K respectively, in PELTIER EFFECT: Qc or Qh=pxy x I pxy is the differential Peltier coefficient between the two materials, x and y, in volts I is the electric current flow in amperes Qc, Qh is the rate of cooling and heating, respectively, in watts Joule heating, having a magnitude of I x R (where R is the electrical resistance), also occurs in the conductors as a result of current flow. This Joule heating effect acts in opposition to the Peltier effect and causes a net reduction of the available cooling. THOMSON EFFECT: When an electric current is passed through a conductor having a temperature gradient over its length, heat will be either absorbed by or expelled from the conductor. Whether heat is absorbed or expelled
MECHANICAL ENERGY PRODUCTION PEOPLE Breathing - .42 W Blood Preasure - .37 W Exhalation - .40 W Footsteps - 5.0 W
TECHNOLOGY MECHANICAL ENERGY HARVESTING Israel Highway 4 RESEARCH#1 Inowa � ech Firm Edri-Azoulay stated: - single tra ffi c lane can produce 200 kilowa � s per kilometer of asphald road - four lanes can produce megowa � for the same distance - enough to power 2500 house- holds e experi- ment was viewed as a success, with passing cars providing the power for street lights set up next to the 10 meter strip. RESEARCH#2 Senior Design Project of 5 Students Attending Villanova University. Case Study # 1: Inductor Case Study # 2: Windmill circuit Piezo strips Piezo strips circuit Bellows Dimensions: 2.5 cm x 1.3 cm x 5 cm Slug Velocity: 1.3 m/s Bellows Nozzle Diameter: Number of turns: 100,000 0.5 cm Total Length: 8 cm Air Velocity: 19 m/s Coil Diameter: 2 cm Turbine Speed: Current Produced: 0.015 amps 4 RPMs Turbine Inductor http://www.haaretz.com/news/israeli-s c-into-electricity-1.6588 http://www54.homepage.villanova.edu/michael.erwin/index.htm
PEOPLE SOUND AND AIR PREASURE Insulation & Sound Absorption Sound travels as pressure waves through the air. Sound insulation is the resistance to sound; in this absorption converts the sound to energy or allows it to pass through.
Map Overlay; Manhattan Taxi Density; Manhattan N Legend Taxi Concentration Low Medium High http://www.arch.virginia.edu/~dlp/Courses/PLAN5120F10/projects/BronickNYCtransport.pd
Aboveground Transit Circulation; Hell’s Kitchen Manhattan, New York City N Legend Study Area Parcels Bus Routes Truck Routes Bike Paths http://www.arch.virginia.edu/~dlp/Courses/PLAN5120F10/projects/BronickNYCtransport.pdf
Underground Transit Circulation; Hell’s Kitchen Manhattan, New York City N Subway Station Entrances Station Names Subway Lines Regional Rail Lines Study Area uptown only access 34th Street Blue Line A, C, E Amtrak Red Line 1, 2, 3 uptown and downtown access Penn Station New Jersey Transit Parcels Yellow Line N, Q, R downtown only access Herald Square PATH Rail System Orange Line B, D, F, M Station Extents MTA Long Island Rail Road 28th Street Red Line 1 Yellow Line N, R http://www.arch.virginia.edu/~dlp/Courses/PLAN5120F10/projects/BronickNYCtransport.pdf
Land Use Map; Hell’s Kitchen Manhattan, New York City N Land Use Study Area Restaurants Residential Parcels Mixed Residential & Commercial Entertainment/Recreation Commercial & Retail Civic, Education, Religious Government Transportation & Parking http://www.arch.virginia.edu/~dlp/Courses/PLAN5120F10/projects/BronickNYCtransport.pdf
For basketball events in the Arena, the seating capacity is 19,763 and for hockey events in the Arena, the seating capacity is 18,200. For all other events, seating capacity changes depending on the set-up of the event. For events in the Theater the seating capacity is 5,600.
QUANTUM THEORY At the turn of the twentieth century, Max Planck discovered that the energy of heat radiation is not emitted continuously, but in " "energy packets", c called q quanta . What they used to call things, are really events or paths that m might b become events . The universe is thus defined as a world of wave-like patterns of interconnectedness, a dynamic web of inseparable energy patterns, a dynamic, inseparable whole that always includes the observer. We are not separated parts from the whole. We are the whole.
HOLOGRAPHIC THEORY
DESIGN CONCEPT
DESIGN SKETCH
DESIGN ENERGY HARVESTING iDEA COMBINED NETTING SYSTEM SITTING AREA WITH MECHANICAL ENERGY HARVESTING HEAT HARVESTING
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