Theory Does Meet ( or not? ) VLBI Observations in M87 Color: Lorentz factor — : Magnetization = 1 — : Jet boundary of F-F model MN, Asada, Hada+ (2018) M ASANORI N AKAMURA (ASIAA) EAVW2018, PyeongChang, Korea, Sep. 4-7 2018
Multi Frequency VLBI (MFV) View ★ Our knowledge is still limited even after 100 years… Asada & MN (2012); Hada+ (2013); Asada, MN+ (2014); Hada+ (2016); Asada+ (2017)
Discovery of Jet Collimation Break (JCB) Jet axial distance (de-projected): z (pc) 10 -4 10 -3 10 -2 10 -1 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 1 10 6 MERLIN 1.8 GHz (AN12) VLBA 15 GHz (AN12, H13) “conical” EVN 1.6 GHz (AN12) VLBA 22 GHz (H13) VLBA 2.3 GHz (H13) VLBA 43 GHz (AN12, H13) 10 5 VLBA 5 GHz (H13) HSA 86 GHz (H16) VLBA 8.4 GHz (H13) VLBA Core 43 & 86 GHz (NA13) VLBA Core 5, 8, 15, 24, 43, & 86 GHz (H13), HSA Core 86 GHz (H16) 10 4 Jet radius: R ( r g ) EHT Core 230 GHz (D12, A15) (Area) FFE parabolic jet (NMF07, TMN08) (Area) FFE genuine parabolic jet (NMF07, TMN08) 10 3 a = 0.5 (upper edge) - 0.99 (lower edge) HST-1 “parabolic” 10 2 Bondi radius 10 1 1 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 10 7 10 8 1 Jet axial distance (de-projected): z ( r g ) MN, Asada, Hada+ (2018) (see also Asada & MN 2012; MN & Asada 2013; Hada+ 2011, 2013, 2016)
JCB in Various AGN Jets Related VLBI results • 3C 84: Nagai, … MN + (2014) • Giovannini, … MN + (2018) N6251: Tseng, Asada, MN + (2016) • r e l 9 y h a s r 0 x l e i g i t 0 viduates the region shown in Fig. 2. We notice that the n u x d e w s h Cyg-A: Boccardi+ (2016a, b) i showing the main features of the steady solution. The red h Fig. 1. Distribution of the Lorentz factor for the case with o fl a h a v 2 • a g a o r t i h o ( f i g y e d l e t o l e e r h e e g n s h t v o h h t r r o a r Nakahara, … MN +, submitted m t r s F t e t e l n e e e n e d e u , a o t s h y u z r r o e m b t l o e e i l t o s h s p n t i n Blazers: Algaba, MN + (2017) t i x • d n w i e i u a e u e I , f q w e m c o q , r u e e o 3C 273: Akiyama, … MN + (2018) n s e s d • f o a h n e e i c t o r r t e e c d C s r h a u n u N4261: Nakahara, … MN + (2018) T r • o a s f s i . v e s e r e p r 1H 0323+342: Hada, … MN + (2018) s • u s o s l stretched. N1052: Nakahara, … MN +, submitted • … • Doi+ (2018) Bodo & Tavecchio (2018) Hada, …, MN , and Asada (2018) = -
Numerical Sim. vs. Steady FFE Solutions HARM2D (Gammie & McKinney 2003) — Blandford & Payne (1982)-type FFE solution - - Blandford & Zajek (1977)-type FFE solution a = 0.9375 — σ = 15 — σ = 1 1. Funnel jet — u r = 0 — β p = 1 - - Be = 0 (- u t = 1) 2. Wind 3. RIAF ✓ Boundary condition between the magnetically dominated funnel (unbound jet) and coronal (bound wind) is numerically identified up to r / r g = 100 for a = 0.5 - 0.99
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