The UN Global Counter- -Terrorism Strategy Terrorism Strategy The UN Global Counter The UN Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy and the and the and the Role of the Security Council in Role of the Security Council in Role of the Security Council in WMD Non- -Proliferation Proliferation WMD Non WMD Non-Proliferation Dana Perkins, PhD Dana Perkins, PhD 1540 Committee Expert 1540 Committee Expert PNNL, 6 Feb 2013, Richland, WA PNNL, 6 Feb 2013, Richland, WA Arms Control Seminar: Verification and Transparency Challenges in in Arms Control Seminar: Verification and Transparency Challenges Biological Arms Control and Nonproliferation Biological Arms Control and Nonproliferation
The UN Global Counter- -Terrorism Strategy Terrorism Strategy The UN Global Counter • Adopted by the UN General Assembly on 8 September 2006 (as UNGA resolution 60/288 and annexed Plan of Action) • The strategy is a unique global instrument to enhance national, regional and international efforts to counter terrorism • This was the first time that all Secretary-General Presents Counter-Terrorism Recommendations to General Assembly, Member States have agreed to a 02 May 2006, UN Photo / Eskinder Debebe common strategic approach to fight terrorism (including practical steps to be taken individually and collectively to prevent and combat terrorism) http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/60/288 http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/60/288
Plan of Action (preamble) Plan of Action (preamble) “We, the States Members of the United Nations, resolve: 1. To consistently, unequivocally and strongly condemn terrorism… 2. To take urgent action to prevent and combat terrorism in all its forms and manifestations and, in particular: a. To consider becoming parties without delay to the existing international conventions and protocols against terrorism… b. To implement all General Assembly resolutions on measures to eliminate international terrorism… c. To implement all Security Council resolutions related to international terrorism and to cooperate fully with the counter- terrorism subsidiary bodies of the Security Council in the fulfillment of their tasks, recognizing that many States continue to require assistance in implementing these resolutions…”
Plan of Action (pillars) Plan of Action (pillars) I. Measures to address the conditions conducive to the spread of I. Measures to address the conditions conducive to the spread of terrorism terrorism II. Measures to prevent and combat terrorism II. Measures to prevent and combat terrorism …To strengthen coordination and cooperation among States in combating crimes that might be � connected with terrorism, including… smuggling of nuclear, chemical, biological, radiological and smuggling of nuclear, chemical, biological, radiological and other potentially deadly materials. other potentially deadly materials. To invite the UN system to develop, together with Member States, a single comprehensive database a single comprehensive database � on biological incidents , ensuring that it is complementary to the INTERPOL’s contemplated Biocrimes on biological incidents Database. We also encourage the Secretary-General to update the roster of experts and update the roster of experts and laboratories, as well as the technical guidelines and procedures, available to him for the timely , available to him for the timely laboratories, as well as the technical guidelines and procedures and efficient investigation of alleged use . In addition, we note the importance of the proposal of the and efficient investigation of alleged use Secretary-General to bring together, within the framework of the United Nations, the bring together, within the framework of the United Nations, the major major biotechnology stakeholders, including industry, scientific community, civil society and governments, biotechnology stakeholders into a common programme aimed at ensuring that biotechnology's advances are not used for terrorist or other criminal purposes but for the public good, with due respect to the basic international norms on intellectual property rights. To invite the UN to improve coordination in planning a response to a terrorist attac improve coordination in planning a response to a terrorist attack k using NCBR � weapons or materials … III. Measures to build States' capacity to prevent and combat terrorism and to strengthen the rrorism and to strengthen the III. Measures to build States' capacity to prevent and combat te role of the United Nations system in this regard role of the United Nations system in this regard To encourage WHO WHO to step up its technical assistance to help States improve their public health � systems to prevent and prepare for biological attacks by terrorists. To welcome the intention of the Secretary-General to institutionalize, within existing resources, the � United Nations Counter United Nations Counter- -Terrorism Implementation Task Force Terrorism Implementation Task Force within the Secretariat, in order to ensure overall coordination and coherence in the United Nations system's counter-terrorism efforts. IV. Measures to ensure respect for human rights for all and the IV. Measures to ensure respect for human rights for all and the rule of law as the rule of law as the fundamental basis of the fight against terrorism fundamental basis of the fight against terrorism
Security Council Overview Security Council Overview • Under the UN Charter, the Security Council has primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security • 15 Members: 5 permanent members with veto power (China, France, Russia, UK, and US) and 10 non-permanent members, elected by the General Assembly for a two-year term [Argentina (2014); Azerbaijan (2013); Australia (2014); Guatemala (2013); Luxembourg (2014); Morocco (2013); Pakistan (2013); ROK (2014); Rwanda (2014); Togo (2013)] 4 April 1952: First Security Council meeting at the United Nations Headquarters in New York • The presidency of the Council is held by Credit: UN Photo/MB each of the members in turn for one month, following the English alphabetical order of the Member States names • Under the UN Charter, all Member States are obligated to comply with Council’s decisions http://www.un.org/en/sc/ http://www.un.org/en/sc/
Resolution 1540 (2004) Overview Resolution 1540 (2004) Overview Action with Respect to Threats To the Action with Respect to Threats To the Adopted on 28 April 2004 under � Peace, Breaches of the Peace, and Peace, Breaches of the Peace, and Acts of Aggression Acts of Aggression Chapter VII of the UN Charter -51 51 Article 39 Article 39 UN Charter, Chapter VII, Articles 39- UN Charter, Chapter VII, Articles 39 The Security Council shall The Security Council shall determine the existence of any determine the existence of any First formal decision ever taken by the � threat to the peace, breach of the threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression and peace, or act of aggression and Security Council to address the WMD shall make recommendations, or shall make recommendations, or proliferation as a global threat to decide what measures shall be decide what measures shall be taken… … to maintain or restore taken international peace and security international peace and security. Article 41 Article 41 The Security Council may decide what measures not involving the Imposes far reaching obligations on all � use of armed force are to be employed to give effect to its States to take a series of steps to decisions, and it may call upon it may call upon the Members of the United Nations the Members of the United Nations prevent proliferation of WMDs, their to apply such measures… to apply such measures means of delivery, and related materials to non-state actors
Resolution 1540 (2004) - - Objectives Objectives Resolution 1540 (2004) Enhance the capacity of all States to respond effectively to the threats posed Enhance the capacity of all States � � by the proliferation of WMD Prevent the proliferation of WMD Prevent the proliferation of WMD, their means of delivery and related materials � � Fill the existing gaps in international law by preventing and deterring any non- Fill the existing gaps � � State actor from manufacturing, acquiring, possessing, developing, transporting, transferring, or using WMD and their means of delivery, in particular for terrorist purposes Security Council Meets on Non-Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction UN Photo/Eskinder Debebe, 28 April 2004
Resolution 1540 (2004)- - Highlights Highlights Resolution 1540 (2004) � National legislation on prohibitions (OP.1 & 2) � Domestic controls and enforcement (OP. 3a & 3b) o Accounting for, securing, physical protection o Border controls o Export and trans-shipment controls � Assistance (OP. 7) � Promotion & implementation of multilateral treaties (OP. 8) � Promotion of dialogue & cooperation (OP. 9 & 10) � Reporting (OP. 4)
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