The TRISTAN project Thibaut Houdy - on behalf of the KATRIN - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The TRISTAN project Thibaut Houdy - on behalf of the KATRIN collaboration and the TRISTAN team TAUP - Toyama, Japan – 12/09/19

Outlines TRISTAN aims to extend the KATRIN setup with a new multj-pixel silicon drifu detector system to search for a keV-scale sterile neutrino signal. ● Theoretjcal motjvatjons for a keV-sterile neutrino & the KATRIN experiment ● The TRISTAN project ● First prototypes and characterizatjons ● First TRISTAN module and toward the fjnal detector The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 2 TAUP 2019

Outlines TRISTAN aims to extend the KATRIN setup with a new multj-pixel silicon drifu detector system to search for a keV-scale sterile neutrino signal. ● Theoretjcal motjvatjons for a keV-sterile neutrino & the KATRIN experiment ● The TRISTAN project ● First prototypes and characterizatjons ● First TRISTAN module and toward the fjnal detector The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 3 TAUP 2019

Theoretjcal motjvatjons Standard Model Natural extension of SM : - minimal extension - right-handed neutrino : neutrino mass - sterile neutrino mass: eV (short-baseline anomalies), keV (dark matter), GeV (see-saw mechanism) - phase space : keV-scale is favored The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 4 TAUP 2019

Theoretjcal motjvatjons nuMSM Natural extension of SM : L. Canetti,et al. PRL 110 061801 (2013) - minimal extension - right-handed neutrino : neutrino mass - sterile neutrino mass: eV (short-baseline anomalies), keV (dark matter), GeV (see-saw mechanism) - phase space : keV-scale is favored Dark matter candidate: - need of a massive, neutral and stable particle, - active v (neutral and stable) too light, - SM does not contain a viable DM candidate Boyarsky et al. JPPNP, 104, 1-45, (2019) Constraints : - x-rays (DM annihilation) - cosmology (growing structure) The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 5 TAUP 2019

KATRIN experiment ● Kinematic determination of the neutrino mass using tritium -decay β ● Neutrino mass reduces the endpoint and distorts the spectrum High voltage filtering electrons Size : 23x10 m², 10 -11 mbar Energy scale : 18.6 keV Resolution < 1 eV (Main spect.) Count rate ~ 1-10 3 Hz The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 6 TAUP 2019

KATRIN experiment ● Kinematic determination of the neutrino mass using tritium -decay β ● Neutrino mass reduces the endpoint and distorts the spectrum Region close to the endpoint m ν = 0 eV m ν = 1 eV Entire spectrum See plenary talk tomorrow by G. Drexlin The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 7 TAUP 2019

TRISTAN goal Signature of Signature of sterile neutrino neutrino mass x10 8 18597 18598 18599 18600 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Energy (eV) Energy (keV) keV- ν s with KATRIN means lowering the HV to scan lower energy. → Dramatic increase of the count rate (up to 3x10 8 Hz) → Integral and differential phases ( → detector with good resolution) → Highly pixelised → new detector is needed : the TRISTAN project The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 8 TAUP 2019

SDD technology Capability of handling high rates (> 3 x 10 8 cps) + Excellent energy resolutjon (300 eV @ 20 keV)  Silicon Drifu Detector Technology  Novelty: large number of pixels (about 3500)  Novelty: applicatjon to high-precision β-spectroscopy The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 9 TAUP 2019

TRISTAN project 2 0 Capability of handling high rates (> 3 x 10 8 cps) c m + Excellent energy resolutjon (300 eV @ 20 keV) 4 c m  Silicon Drifu Detector Technology  Novelty: large number of pixels (about 3500)  Novelty: applicatjon to high-precision β-spectroscopy 3 m m The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 10 TAUP 2019

TRISTAN project 2 0 Capability of handling high rates (> 3 x 10 8 cps) c m + Excellent energy resolutjon (300 eV @ 20 keV) 4 c m  Silicon Drifu Detector Technology J.Phys. G46 (2019) no.6, 065203 3 m m Current KATRIN KATRIN with TRISTAN The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 11 TAUP 2019

Outlines TRISTAN aims to extend the KATRIN setup with a new multj-pixel silicon drifu detector system to search for a keV-scale sterile neutrino signal. ● Theoretjcal motjvatjons for a keV-sterile neutrino & the KATRIN experiment ● The TRISTAN project ● First prototypes and characterizatjons ● First TRISTAN module and toward the fjnal detector The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 12 TAUP 2019

TRISTAN prototypes Productjon at Max Planck semiconductor laboratory (HLL) 1 st generation : ● Delivered in 2016 ● Using CUBE preamplifier ● Characterized using x-ray CUBE The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 13 TAUP 2019

TRISTAN prototypes Characterisatjon with X-rays 55 Fe line J.Phys. G46 (2019) no.6, 065203 Low noise at high rates 139 eV (FWHM) Excellent FWHM @ 500 ns: 150 eV @ 5.9 keV energy resolution 20°C 2 mm 1 mm -30°C → Good energy resolution (< 300 eV @ 30 keV) → Good energy resolution (< 300 eV @ 30 keV) → Good performances for short peaking time → Good performances for short peaking time → Linear response with photons → Linear response with photons The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 14 TAUP 2019

TRISTAN prototypes Characterisatjon with electrons 1 st generation : ● Delivered in 2016 ● Using CUBE preamplifier ● Characterized using x-ray ● Charaterized using electrons CUBE The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 15 TAUP 2019

TRISTAN prototypes Characterisatjon with electrons : dead-layer ? Photon peak Electron peak 18 keV ● Worsen electrons resolution ● Worsen electrons resolution ● Distort shape ● Distort shape Must be measured/minimized Must be measured/minimized The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 16 TAUP 2019

TRISTAN prototypes Characterisatjon with electrons : dead-layer ? Photon peak 60 eV Electron peak 18 keV ● Worsen electrons resolution ● Worsen electrons resolution ● Distort shape ● Distort shape Must be measured/minimized Must be measured/minimized The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 17 TAUP 2019

TRISTAN prototypes Measurement of the dead-layer Electron microscope Courtesy of D. Siegmann Relative measurement performed at 14 keV : Relative measurement performed at 14 keV : (52 ± 7) nm (52 ± 7) nm Result cross-checked using independent method via absolute calibration (Bremsstrahlung) Different doping techniques are investigated to further reduce it. Different doping techniques are investigated to further reduce it. Preliminary results are promising. Preliminary results are promising. The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 18 TAUP 2019

TRISTAN prototypes Successfully implemented 1 st generation : ● Delivered in 2016 ● Using CUBE preamplifier ● Characterized using x-ray ● Charaterized using electrons ● Successfully implemented in the Troitsk ν -mass experiment and in KATRIN CUBE The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 19 TAUP 2019

TRISTAN prototypes Successfully implemented 2017-2019 : In Troitsk nu mass 2017-2019 : In Troitsk nu mass spectrometer for 3 H differential spectrometer for 3 H differential and integral measurements and integral measurements 2019 : In KATRIN as Forward Beam Monitor. 2019 : In KATRIN as Forward Beam Monitor. Commissioned, actually taking data. Will be used Commissioned, actually taking data. Will be used for next mass measurement phase for next mass measurement phase see Brunst’s & arXiv:1909.02898 The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 20 TAUP 2019

Outlines TRISTAN aims to extend the KATRIN setup with a new multj-pixel silicon drifu detector system to search for a keV-scale sterile neutrino signal. ● Theoretjcal motjvatjons for a keV-sterile neutrino & the KATRIN experiment ● The TRISTAN project ● First prototypes and characterizatjons ● First TRISTAN module and toward the fjnal detector The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 21 TAUP 2019

TRISTAN Module New generatjon of detector coming 2 nd generation (now): ● Integrated nJFET ● Max size : 166 pixels ● Construction of the first TRISTAN module CUBE The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 22 TAUP 2019

TRISTAN Module CeSiC Ettore ASIC material ~14 cm ASIC board, 83 channels 166 pixel detector with integrated JFET The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 23 TAUP 2019

KATRIN Monitor Spectrometer ● Former Mainz spectrometer is now used as ● Former Mainz spectrometer is now used as a monitor device for KATRIN. a monitor device for KATRIN. ● Same principle than KATRIN and Troitsk ● Same principle than KATRIN and Troitsk spectrometers : M agnetic A diabatic C ollima- spectrometers : M agnetic A diabatic C ollima- tion combined with an E lectrostatic Filter. tion combined with an E lectrostatic Filter. ● MoniSpec HV is coupled to the Main Spectro- ● MoniSpec HV is coupled to the Main Spectro- meter, scanning 83m Kr to ensure HV stability. meter, scanning 83m Kr to ensure HV stability. ● Testing the TRISTAN prototype in real ● Testing the TRISTAN prototype in real conditions while improving the performance conditions while improving the performance of the Monitor Spectrometer of the Monitor Spectrometer The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 24 TAUP 2019

TRISTAN Module The structure must cooled the SDD down to -50°C while respecting low outgazing constraints (10 -10 mbar vacuum) The TRISTAN project - T. Houdy 25 TAUP 2019