The Straits of Malacca The Straits of Malacca 2010. IMB REPORT - PDF document

3/7/2011 United Nations Convention United Nations Convention on the Low of the Sea on the Low of the Sea Article 100 Article 100 Duty to co Duty to co- -operate in the repression of piracy operate in the repression of piracy All States Shall co- All States Shall co -operate to the fullest operate to the fullest YOSHIHIKO YAMADA YOSHIHIKO YAMADA possible extent in the repression of piracy possible extent in the repression of piracy on the high seas or in any other place on the high seas or in any other place outside the jurisdiction of any State. outside the jurisdiction of any State. TOKAI UNIVERSITY TOKAI UNIVERSITY Marine Technology School Marine Technology School Locations of ACTUAL and Locations of ACTUAL and ATTEMPTED attacks. ATTEMPTED attacks. The Straits of Malacca The Straits of Malacca 2010. IMB REPORT 2010. IMB REPORT Total 445 445 Total South East ASIA 70 South East ASIA 70 South East ASIA South East ASIA 70 70 (Malacca and Singapore Straits 5 ) (Malacca and Singapore Straits 5 ) (South China Sea 31 ) (South China Sea 31 ) Gulf of Aden 53 Gulf of Aden 53 Somalia 139 Somalia 139 Red Sea 25 Red Sea 25 Key factors in the anti- Key factors in the anti -piracy piracy Protection Protection 3) International cooperation 3) International cooperation → Information sharing, coordinated crackdowns → Information sharing, coordinated crackdowns 1) Improved awareness of coastal nations about 1) Improved awareness of coastal nations about 4) Guidance on the voluntary guard of vessels 4) Guidance on the voluntary guard of vessels the piracy problem the piracy problem → → Voluntary guard, coordination with Coast Guard Voluntary guard, coordination with Coast Guard → Guidance from international organizations such Guidance from international organizations such Agencies, refinement of action manuals Agencies, refinement of action manuals as IMO and opening international piracy as IMO, and opening international piracy as IMO, and opening international piracy as IMO and opening international piracy 5) Building society not inducing piracy 5) Building society not inducing piracy seminars seminars → → Departure from poverty, blocking circulation of Departure from poverty, blocking circulation of weapons weapons 2) Reinforced guard and crackdowns by Coast 2) Reinforced guard and crackdowns by Coast Rebel groups, counter Rebel groups, counter- -terrorism measures terrorism measures Guard Agencies Guard Agencies 6) Ensured security on the open sea 6) Ensured security on the open sea → Development of human resources, better Development of human resources, better → → Creating a new global community system related Creating a new global community system related equipment such as patrol boats equipment such as patrol boats to the security on the open sea to the security on the open sea 1

3/7/2011 Japan Coast Guard Japan Coast Guard Building the guard system through Building the guard system through international cooperation, international cooperation, 1) Cooperation to Maritime Security Agencies of 1) Cooperation to Maritime Security Agencies of respective Asian nations respective Asian nations improvement of the flag of convenience improvement of the flag of convenience Long- Long -term dispatching of Coast Guard Officers to term dispatching of Coast Guard Officers to vessel system, vessel system, vessel system vessel system the Philippines Malaysia and Indonesia the Philippines Malaysia and Indonesia the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia 2) Donating patrol boats 2) Donating patrol boats dealing with mixed boarding of dealing with mixed boarding of Donated 3 patrol boats to Indonesia's Maritime Donated 3 patrol boats to Indonesia's Maritime multi- multi -national crews national crews Police Police The Nippon Foundation donated a training boat The Nippon Foundation donated a training boat to Malaysia Maritime Enforcement Agency. to Malaysia Maritime Enforcement Agency. World Maritime University (WMU) World Maritime University (WMU) ReCCAP ReCCAP September 2006 : September 2006 The scholarship by the Nippon Foundation The scholarship by the Nippon Foundation : has officer candidates of each nation's has officer candidates of each nation's Regional Cooperation Agreement on Regional Cooperation Agreement on Guard Agencies study at WMU, the Guard Agencies study at WMU, the Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery maritime- maritime -focused graduate university that focused graduate university that against Ships in Asia was put into against Ships in Asia was put into IMO operates (more than 20 were already IMO operates (more than 20 were already effect effect sent from the Philippines Coast Guard, sent from the Philippines Coast Guard, with some from Indonesia, Malaysia and with some from Indonesia, Malaysia and India) India) PIRATES OPRF PIRATES 1) Information Sharing Centre (ISC) was formed in 1) Information Sharing Centre (ISC) was formed in OPRF Singapore (in November 2006) Singapore (in November 2006) 2) Building information sharing and cooperation 2) Building information sharing and cooperation system through ISC (spotting suspects, attacked system through ISC (spotting suspects, attacked vessels and people, apprehension of suspects, vessels and people, apprehension of suspects, and seizure of suspicious vessels, and requests and seizure of suspicious vessels, and requests and seizure of suspicious vessels, and requests and seizure of suspicious vessels, and requests for rescue of victims) for rescue of victims) 3) Promotion of bilateral cooperation between 3) Promotion of bilateral cooperation between Contracting Parties not through ISC (extradition, Contracting Parties not through ISC (extradition, facilitating mutual legal assistance, and facilitating mutual legal assistance, and developing capabilities). developing capabilities). 2

3/7/2011 off Somalia Coast off Somalia Coast (1) I ssues (1) I ssues 4) The maritime security systems are 4) The maritime security systems are 1) Because the Straits of Malacca is the territorial 1) Because the Straits of Malacca is the territorial immature in the neighboring nations immature in the neighboring nations waters of coastal nations, there exist nations that waters of coastal nations, there exist nations that including Yemen, Djibouti, and Kenya including Yemen, Djibouti, and Kenya have the authority to guard there. have the authority to guard there. 5) Pirates appear everywhere on a broad 5) Pirates appear everywhere on a broad → Somalia Coast is on the high seas, responsibility to Somalia Coast is on the high seas, responsibility to g g , , p p y y range of waters range of waters range of waters range of waters have to guard there belongs to no nation. have to guard there belongs to no nation. 6) Many hostages are detained all the time, 6) Many hostages are detained all the time, 2) Circulation of weapons cannot be cracked down in 2) Circulation of weapons cannot be cracked down in so use of armed force against the pirates so use of armed force against the pirates Somalia Somalia is not a good option. is not a good option. 3) Those nations that guard pirates do not have 3) Those nations that guard pirates do not have 7) The weak collaboration among respective 7) The weak collaboration among respective relevant laws at home to judge pirates relevant laws at home to judge pirates nations guarding there nations guarding there → There are many cases where suspicious pirates are le There are many cases where suspicious pirates are le go free even if they are carrying weapons go free even if they are carrying weapons Conclusion Conclusion THE SEA THE SEA I nternational cooperation system I nternational cooperation system 1. Common awareness of maritime 1. Common awareness of maritime safety safety 2. Regularly on the table to discuss 2. Regularly on the table to discuss The common heritage The common heritage The common heritage The common heritage collaborative relationship collaborative relationship 3. I mplementing collaborative guard 3. I mplementing collaborative guard of Mankind of Mankind activities activities 4. Verification required for the 4. Verification required for the consequence of international consequence of international cooperation cooperation 3