TRAVELLING FROM AGRI TO CULTURE THE SECRETS OF MYKO ON INNOVATION Foto: Eduardo Calves Vancouver, COABC Conference Febreruary 24, 2012
Chapter 1: Incubation Let me introduce Myko in Canada: Myko is one of the 11 million of cuban living in Cuba.
How was Myko educated?
Intensive use of machinary in 1970’s and 1980’s in Cuba Funes (2010)
Homogenous landscape Funes (2010)
Myko at the University learnt to transform forest into savanna to produce food Funes (2010)
The levels of knowledge delivery … RESEACHERS VERY INTELLIGENT Extension workers LESS INTELLIGENT Farmers BRUTO
Consumers?
¿CONSUMIDORES/AS?
Local knowledge Ríos 2006
MARGINADO
CRISIS IN CUBA
FOOD GOT SCARCE
Myko Salary drop down UP TO 3 USA Dollar a month
Myko had to play in the bars to get some tips to cover family and PhD
In the middle of the crisis: The mission LA MISION
To breed pumpkins to mitigate lack of Vitamine A in Cuba
Miky as a Scientist Went to Experimental Station.
No chemical fertiliser No pesticides No tractors No oil
Then… Myko the researcher and lecturer of the university had to move small farmers to work with them
Working with farmers? Foto: Michel Po
To work with Local Consumers? Foto: Eduardo Calves
MYKO AND HIS PARENTS WERE FUSTRATED!
CHAPTER 2: THE DISIDENTS
MYKO AND HIS TEAM OF SCIENTISTS LEFT BEHIND ALL FRUSTATION AND DECIDED TO LEARN FROM LOCAL INNOVATORS….
Foto: Michel Pou Myko realized that small farmers were facing the crisis differently
What Miky said to me during yesterday telephone call ….
Four key points
Facilitated Access to Plant Genetic Resources, biofertilisers, biological control by Diversity Fairs
PLEASE RISE HAND UP WHO IT HAS BEEN FALLING LOVE AT LEAST ONE TIME IN THE WHOLE LIFE….
Farmers Experimentation
Action Learning Curriculum Eduardo Calves
Innovation Festival Eduardo Calves
Chapter 3: Results of Local Innovation
Technological diversity increased 5-20 times Eduardo Calves
Local Seed Bank Became Fashionable Michel Pou
Yield increased as well Michel Pou
Income increased significatively Eduardo Calves
Changes in the official universities curriculum towards more “ Dynamic Educaction ” to learn from the farmers Eduardo Calves
Chapter 4: Myko Traveled and Met the Art!
Myko discussed with Mohamed, a syrian farmer: why does he mantain 200 different types of barley every year?
Miky visited Chinese farmers who improve corn varieties
Scientists become co-improvers of corn varieties
Brasil Variety improved by farmers Conventional Hybrid
After the socialist Central Asia collapse, ex-Soviet countries enhanced diversity and art to overcome difficulties
Myko discovered agricultural Innovation and production increase was trans-disciplinary and multi-disciplinary. His approach was to link them through Art!
Performance: Tangible product of the Fusion de of Painting, Music, Theater …
Felo Variety: Tangible product of farmers and scientists knowledge
What do we find behind these products?
Discovering
Social Recognition
Profits Foto: Maikel Márquez
Actions to Enhance Natural Resources in Agriculture Michel Pou
So Local Innovation pass by human being feelings sensitivity…. Local Innovation is made by normal people no by robots…..
Chapter 5: Organic Agriculture and Global Warming
• What is the Contribution of Organic Farming to Global warming?
Lo malo, lo que contamina. The bad things, Greenhouse Gas CO2 NO2 NH4
La Energía The Energy Energía que Entra (input) Energía que Sale (output) Finca Farm Balance
“Organic Farmers Contribution to Global Warming” Pollution Food Efficiency Emisiones Energía Eficiencia promedio producida energética* (tonCO2- (Mcal/ha) Output/Input e/ha/año) ORGANICAS 0,09 1391,8 4,4 EN 0,19 4032,8 1,6 TRANSICION NO 0,54 3749,0 1,8 ORGANICAS
Cuba in the 80´s Livestock Sector energetic balance was: 6 units of energy invested to produce 1 Balance of : 0,17!
Myko Introduced me to Fernandito and his farm in Cayo Piedra, Matanzas Coco Plátano Remolacha Malanga Col Frijol Zanahoria Boniato Maíz Tomate Papa Pimiento Papaya Cebolla Porcino
40 Área (ha) Feeding persons 21 (Pers/ha/year) Energy balance 11.2 output/input
Myko introduced me to the Casimiro Family
Casimiro Farm , Taguasco, Sancti Spíritus
10 Área (ha) Feeding Persons 34 (Pers/ha/año) Energy Balance 30 output/inputs
Chapter 6: Myko learned some lessons
Landscape in 2000 25 farmers 7 individuals de 3 organisation Landscape of 2010 More than 50.000 farmers, and 12 organisation working with.
Miky experience along the time Twenty Years Long Catalisor started catalisis Incubation Participatory seed Entry point improvement New themes and organisations participating Recognition and begining of governance 1990- 2000- 2003- 2006- 2003 2000 2006 2010 Year
Innovation in agriculture is not only for scientists… Institution, organisation who break linkage with informal knowledge got sick very soon… Iliterate persons can be geniuses..
Learning Groups-Cohorts Researchers Technicians KHP Farmers Policy makers International Organisations Youth Innovation Zones (building up evidences)
LOCAL INNOVATION WORKS TO SMALL MEDIUM LARGE BUT…….
Be patient, almost finishing ……. Only two slides
LOCAL INNOVATION IS BASED ON CONTINUAL CHANGES OF ATTITUDES BY INTENSIVE INTERACTION, SO ARTISTIC EXPRESSION PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE!
Myko stated: “ When rural citizens became owner of the innovation,the individuals, families, communities moved from talk to investing time, labour and resources to protect the environment ”. “ They realised that environment is not another empty word, enviroment is a great treasure !”
The last One…… Please let me communicate with you out of power point………. Will you?
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