The History of the Internet Presented by the St. Martin’s Episcopal Technology Department
Agenda • Internet History • Internet Evolution • Internet Pioneers • Internet Growth • The Future of the Internet • Conclusion
Precursors of the Internet The Internet could not have existed without the two major inventions of the 19 th Century, electricity and the telegraph system. To a lesser degree, broadcast media such as radio and television
What is the Internet? Plain and simple: A worldwide system of interconnected networks and computers.
What is a Network? A computer network is an interconnection of a group of computers.
Evolution of the Internet
ARPANET • Was the world's first operational network, and the predecessor of the global Internet
ARPANET • ARPANET was developed by the U.S. Department of Defense. One theory was that it was developed to survive a nuclear attack. That theory is often disputed by scientists.
The Internet was an Accident! • The Internet was a result of an unsuccessful military and academic research program!
Why is it called the Internet? • Short for “internetworking.”
The World Wide Web
• The original Internet provided screens full of text • Great for sharing info and accessing the Library of Congress • Text was all one font and size • BORING!
GUIs (Graphical User Interface) • GUIs added some color and layout, but still were not very interesting.
The World Wide Web Saved the Internet! • Hyperlinks were invented www.stmsaints.com • The mouse was invented to click on hyperlinks • The URL (Uniform Resource Locater) was invented. This allowed sites to be named.
Creation of the World Wide Web • Tim Berners Lee brought all of this together to form the World Wide Web in 1990.
Mosaic: The First Web Browser • Very slow • Did not handle loading pictures very well • Modems were very slow • Did not give an indication of the potential of this medium
1994 – A Big Year for the WWW • Tim Berners Lee in develops the World Wide Web Consortium to develop standards for the Web • Netscape is founded
The Explosion of the Internet
1994 -- 2000 • The Internet exploded during this period. • The first commercial site was Amazon.com. • In 1994 the World Wide Web grew by an astounding 2300 percent! • Amazon saw that online shopping was the wave of the future. • The rest is history…
Browser Wars • Netscape was the standard until 1998 • It folded and was taken over by AOL • Microsoft Internet Explorer snagged 96% of the browser market • IE has only recently been challenged by the excellent Mozilla browser
Future of the Internet
Internet II • So many businesses and private citizens have come online that academic users can't get the high- speed connections they need.
Internet II • Organized as a consortium • Led by over 200 universities • Dedicated network for educational and research purposes
References Romeo, J. R., Business Journal (Central New York); 9/6/2002, Vol. 16 Issue 36, p22, 2p http://www.news.cornell.edu/Chronicle/96/10. 31.96/Internet_II.html
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