THE GREAT MEAL Mark 14:12-26
HISTORY OF THE PASSOVER
EXODUS 2:23-25 After a long time, the king of Egypt died. The Israelites groaned because of their difficult labor, and they cried out; and their cry for help ascended to God because of the difficult labor. So God heard their groaning, and He remembered His covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. God saw the Israelites, and He took notice.
EXODUS 11:4-5 So Moses said, “This is what Yahweh says: ‘About midnight I will go throughout Egypt, and every firstborn male in the land of Egypt will die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne to the firstborn of the servant girl who is behind the millstones, as well as every firstborn of the livestock.
EXODUS 11:6-7 Then there will be a great cry of anguish through all the land of Egypt such as never was before, or ever will be again. But against all the Israelites, whether man or beast, not even a dog will snarl, so that you may know that Yahweh makes a distinction between Egypt and Israel.
QUESTION: Why does a lamb exempt you from the just wrath of God?
SCENE 1: Preparation for the Meal
MARK 14:12-13 On the first day of Unleavened Bread, when they sacrifice the Passover lamb, His disciples asked Him, “Where do You want us to go and prepare the Passover so You may eat it?” So He sent two of His disciples and told them, “Go into the city, and a man carrying a water jug will meet you. Follow him.
MARK 14:14-16 Wherever he enters, tell the owner of the house, ‘The Teacher says, “Where is the guest room for Me to eat the Passover with My disciples?”’ He will show you a large room upstairs, furnished and ready. Make the preparations for us there.” So the disciples went out, entered the city, and found it just as He had told them, and they prepared the Passover.
LUKE 22:7-9 Then the Day of Unleavened Bread came when the Passover lamb had to be sacrificed. Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and prepare the Passover meal for us, so we can eat it.” “Where do You want us to prepare it?” they asked Him.
MARK 14:16 So the disciples went out, entered the city, and found it just as He had told them, and they prepared the Passover.
What preparations had to take place for the Passover?
THREE PRIMARY TASKS: 1. The ceremonial search for leaven 2. The sacrifice of the lamb 3. The gathering of necessary items for the meal
SIX PRIMARY ITEMS: 1. The Lamb 2. The Unleavened Bread 3. The Bowl of Salt Water 4. The Bitter Herbs 5. The Charosheth 6. The Wine
EXODUS 6:6-7 Therefore tell the Israelites: I am Yahweh, and I will deliver you from the forced labor of the Egyptians and free you from slavery to them. I will redeem you with an outstretched arm and great acts of judgment. I will take you as My people, and I will be your God. You will know that I am Yahweh your God, who delivered you from the forced labor of the Egyptians.
SCENE 2: The Meal
MARK 14:17-18 “When evening came, He arrived with the Twelve. While they were reclining and eating...”
MARK 14:22-24 As they were eating, He took bread, blessed and broke it, gave it to them, and said, “Take it; this is My body.” Then He took a cup, and after giving thanks, He gave it to them, and so they all drank from it. He said to them, “This is My blood that establishes the covenant; it is shed for many.
MARK 14:25-26 I assure you: I will no longer drink of the fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it in a new way in the kingdom of God.” After singing psalms, they went out to the Mount of Olives.
How did Jesus deviate from the script of the Passover meal?
DEVIATION FROM THE SCRIPT: 1. He reassigned the elements of the bread and wine to Himself.
JEREMIAH 31:31-32 “Look, the days are coming”—this is the Lord ’s declaration—“when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah. This one will not be like the covenant I made with their ancestors when I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt—a covenant they broke even though I had married them”—the Lord ’s declaration.
JEREMIAH 31:33 “Instead, this is the covenant I will make with the house of Israel after those days”—the Lord ’s declaration. “I will put My teaching within them and write it on their hearts. I will be their God, and they will be My people.
JEREMIAH 31:34 No longer will one teach his neighbor or his brother, saying, ‘Know the Lord ,’ for they will all know Me, from the least to the greatest of them”—this is the Lord ’s declaration. “For I will forgive their wrongdoing and never again remember their sin.”
EXODUS 24:3-4 Moses came and told the people all the commands of the Lord and all the ordinances. Then all the people responded with a single voice, “We will do everything that the Lord has commanded.” And Moses wrote down all the words of the Lord. He rose early the next morning and set up an altar and 12 pillars for the 12 tribes of Israel at the base of the mountain.
EXODUS 24:5-7 Then he sent out young Israelite men, and they offered burnt offerings and sacrificed bulls as fellowship offerings to the Lord. Moses took half the blood and set it in basins; the other half of the blood he sprinkled on the altar. He then took the covenant scroll and read it aloud to the people. They responded, “We will do and obey everything that the Lord has commanded.”
EXODUS 24:8 Moses took the blood, sprinkled it on the people, and said, “This is the blood of the covenant that the Lord has made with you concerning all these words.”
DEVIATION FROM THE SCRIPT: 1. He reassigned the elements of the bread and wine to Himself. 2. There’s no mention of the main course.
JOHN 1:29 The next day John saw Jesus coming toward him and said, “Here is the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!
ISAIAH 53:6 All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned—every one—to his own way; and the Lord has laid on him the iniquity of us all.
ISAIAH 53:7 He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth; like a lamb that is led to the slaughter, and like a sheep that before its shearers is silent, so he opened not his mouth.
ISAIAH 53:12 Therefore I will divide him a portion with the many, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong, because he poured out his soul to death and was numbered with the transgressors; yet he bore the sin of many, and makes intercession for the transgressors.
TIMOTHY KELLER “All love, all real, life-changing love, is substitutionary sacrifice. You have never loved a broken person, you have never loved a guilty person, you have never loved a hurting person except through substitutionary sacrifice.”
DEVIATION FROM THE SCRIPT: 1. He reassigned the elements of the bread and wine to Himself. 2. There’s no mention of the main course. 3. The fourth cup was not drunk.
MARK 14:25 I assure you: I will no longer drink of the fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it in a new way in the kingdom of God.
APPLICATION: 1. Understand what communion is and is not
LUKE 22:19 And He took bread, gave thanks, broke it, gave it to them, and said, “This is My body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of Me.”
1 CORINTHIANS 11:23-25 For I received from the Lord what I also passed on to you: On the night when He was betrayed, the Lord Jesus took bread, gave thanks, broke it, and said, “This is My body, which is for you. Do this in remembrance of Me.” In the same way, after supper He also took the cup and said, “This cup is the new covenant established by My blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of Me.”
1 CORINTHIANS 11:26 For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until He comes.
APPLICATION: 1. Understand what communion is and is not 2. Take hold of Jesus
MARK 14:22 As they were eating, He took bread, blessed and broke it, gave it to them, and said, “Take it; this is My body.”
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