The Electricity Grid Scottish Power Energy Networks Overview Energy - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The Electricity Grid Scottish Power Energy Networks Overview Energy Technology Partnership Conference Dundee, April 2014 Presented by Kevin Smith, Scottish Power - Future Networks Lead Engineer

Where did SP Energy Networks originate from? 14 x Electricity ‘Boards’ Who provided a full range of electricity services:- • Distribution Networks • Electricity connections • Electricity sales • Metering • Shops for appliances and payments • Wiring and domestic appliance repair • Income from ‘electricity bill’

The Distribution Network Operators scene today 7 x Network Operators • 180+ ICP’s • 18+ Energy Suppliers* • 23+ Meter Operators* • 00’s appliance retailers • 000’s Meter card outlets • 0000’s Electrical contractors • Who repairs appliances these days? • Income from DUoS Innovation Distribution Allowances Licenses Incentives Customer Mechanisms Standards Price Controls * Some are separate divisions within DNO parent company Group

What do SP Energy Networks do? • Look after the distribution network for South of Scotland, Merseyside and North Wales • 3.5million customers (2m in SPD and 1.5m in SPM) • Network value >£10billion • 40,000km of overhead lines • 70,000km of underground cables • 30,000 electricity substations • 4,000km of Transmission OHL and 320kM of cable connecting 129 Grid or SuperGrid Substations

What are the present challenges for SPEN? Changing Extreme Bi- Aging Integration Ageing Assets Energy Weather Directional Workforce/ of New Markets Events Networks Skills Gap Technology Increased Economic Embedded Growth Generation Fuel Poverty/ Smart Metering/ Affordability Demand Control Competition Energy Efficiency Political Intermittent Uncertainty Generation Community Energy Owned Energy Equity Systems Sustainability Accessibility Transparency Balance of Risk Reliability

Present challenges for SPEN Changing Extreme Bi- Aging Integration Ageing Assets Energy Weather Directional Workforce/ of New Markets Events Networks Skills Gap Technology Increased Economic Embedded Growth Generation Fuel Poverty/ Smart Metering/ Affordability Demand Control Competition Energy Efficiency Political Intermittent Uncertainty Generation Community Energy Owned Energy Equity Systems Sustainability Accessibility Transparency Balance of Risk Reliability

Ageing Assets Over the period 2015-2023 we are allocating £2.62bn to managing our ageing network, such as:  180,000 network faults.  Inspecting and maintaining 30,000 substations, 70,000km cables and 40,000km of overhead lines  3.5million asset inspections.  Clearing trees away from 5000km of overhead lines (storm resilience).  Maintaining around 900,000 items of network equipment.  Replacing 30 Grid substations  Replacing 84 Primary substations  Extending the life of 84 Primary substations  Replacing more than 2,500 Secondary substations  Replacing more than 250,000 services inside customers homes & buildings.  Making 25% of our HV network and 32% of our LV network resilient to storms SPD Equipment SPM Equipment Number Customers supplied by % Older % Older Number Customers supplied by % Older % Older / Length each than 40 than 50 / Length each than 40 than 50 years years years years Grid Substations 83 Around 23,000 35 15 110 Between 16,000 - 160,000 54 21 Primary Substations 500 Between 2,000 and 50 20 700 Between 2,000 - 11,000 33 6 11,000 Secondary Substations 17,500 Between 50 and 300 19 5 12,800 Between 50 and 300 61 18 In addition to these assets, we have approx. 20,000km of overhead lines, components of which 50% are older than 40 years.

Present challenges for SPEN Changing Extreme Bi- Aging Integration Ageing Assets Energy Weather Directional Workforce/ of New Markets Events Networks Skills Gap Technology Increased Economic Embedded Growth Generation Fuel Poverty/ Smart Metering/ Affordability Demand Control Competition Energy Efficiency Political Intermittent Uncertainty Generation Community Energy Owned Energy Equity Systems Sustainability Accessibility Transparency Balance of Risk Reliability

Extreme weather events • When the “ once in every 100 years event” occurs just a few years after the last one! Daily Post • Automated protection and supply restoration systems North Wales weather: 45,000 • Remote control of network switching and reconfiguration homes without power after • Reducing numbers of customers affected for a fault storm force winds batter • Managing trees near overhead lines region • Substation flood risk analysis and mitigation • Emergency plans in place

Present challenges for SPEN Changing Extreme Bi- Aging Integration Ageing Assets Energy Weather Directional Workforce/ of New Markets Events Networks Skills Gap Technology Increased Economic Embedded Growth Generation Fuel Poverty/ Smart Metering/ Affordability Demand Control Competition Energy Efficiency Political Intermittent Uncertainty Generation Community Energy Owned Energy Equity Systems Sustainability Accessibility Transparency Balance of Risk Reliability

Increased Embedded Generation • The distribution network was designed for power flowing from the power station to the customer • Substantial rise in renewables take up • Embedded generation can cause local voltage rises • Embedded generation is often intermittent/unreliable • Distribution network has to cope with power flows in the ‘reverse’ direction = protection, asset capability and fault situation issues (DECC 2013)

Present challenges for SPEN Changing Extreme Bi- Aging Integration Ageing Assets Energy Weather Directional Workforce/ of New Markets Events Networks Skills Gap Technology Increased Economic Embedded Growth Generation Fuel Poverty/ Smart Metering/ Affordability Demand Control Competition Energy Efficiency Political Intermittent Uncertainty Generation Community Energy Owned Energy Equity Systems Sustainability Accessibility Transparency Balance of Risk Reliability

Competition • Two main areas where competition has been introduced;  Connections and Distribution Network ownership • 180+ Independent Connection Providers (ICP’s) – providing customer connections • 6 licensed Independent Distribution Network Operators (IDNO’s) – owning and operating embedded networks • Obligation on DNO’s of Guaranteed Service standards

What about the future network challenges? • Increasing demand on electricity networks through;  Consumer thirst for gadgets and appliances  Up take of electric vehicles  Up take of low carbon heating, e.g. heat pumps  More renewable generation power to transfer • Increasing expectation of electricity availability • More complex networks (Smart grids) and integration of technology with high volumes of network data • Cost pressures against rising energy prices (on DUoS) • Smart-Metering (DECC 2013)

Reliable grids – alternative designs Industry SP Manweb Typical Typical 33/11kV 33/11kV 7.5MVA 12/24MVA 33/11kV 33/11kV 7.5MVA 7.5MVA Open Point GB Industry average 65 interruptions per 100 SPM Urban network customers p.a. 13 interruptions per 100 customers p.a.

Network Innovation • Major boost from Low Carbon Network Funding (LCNF) • Maximising the utilisation of existing network assets • Using technology developments to manage the network better • Some areas of SPEN innovation development;  Real Time Thermal Rating of apparatus (OHL’s and Transformers )  Intelligent Network Automation  Active Load and Voltage Network Management  Voltage optimisation  LV automatic fault restoration

End of the presentation But the start of a new era?