EPFL Summer Reserach Institute 2007 July 3-21 2007 The design of safe automotive electronic The design of safe automotive electronic systems systems Some problems, solutions and open issues Some problems, solutions and open issues Françoise Simonot- -Lion Lion Françoise Simonot (Francoise.Simonot@loria.fr) (Francoise.Simonot@loria.fr) Nancy Université - Nancy Université - LORIA (UMR 7503) LORIA (UMR 7503)
General Context Context General Automotive industry industry: the : the most most important important economic economic sector sector for the for the next next 10 10 years years Automotive � � (Mercer Management Consulting) Automotive Automotive electronics electronics � � (Strategy Analytics, McKinsey) 1% (1980) Cost of Electronic Embedded systems / Cost of a car = 20% (2005) 40% (2015) In vehicle vehicle embedded embedded systems systems In � � Electronic components 50% � → 2MBytes (2000) → → 10MBytes (2004) 1,1 KBytes (1980) → Software components 50% - � Software technology technology Software � � New services are easily easily developped developped New services are � � � Customers Customers requirements requirements: : cost cost, , comfort comfort, , safety safety � � Carmakers Carmakers or or suppliers suppliers requirements requirements: : cost cost, time to , time to market market � Electronic systems = 90% innovation (Daimler Chrysler) Mandatory for Mandatory for some some functions functions (control of (control of exhaust exhaust emission emission) ) � � EPFL July 2007 Françoise Simonot-Lion Summer Research Institute Nancy Université 1
VW Phaeton Problems Problems Jürgen Leohold IEEE WFCS 2004, Vienna, Austria � Architectural Architectural complexity complexity � • 11 136 electrical devices Critical Complex Communication Critical Complex Communication • 61 ECUs, 3 CAN networks, sub- Functions Architecture Functions Architecture networks, 1 bus multimedia • 2500 signals exchanged between Chassis - Chassis - Power Train Network Power Train Network ECUs in 250 CAN messages Comfort Network Comfort Network ABS Steering Power Wheel -ctl Train Radio Climate Lights ... ctl ctl PSA communication service ISU ISU Amplifier Doors Airbags ctl ECU (Electronic ECU Body Network Body Network Component Unit) EPFL July 2007 Françoise Simonot-Lion Summer Research Institute Nancy Université 2
Problems Problems Functional Functional complexity complexity � � Number of I/O of I/O signals signals - - Size of the state Size of the state vector vector ( (external external/ /internal internal data) data) Number � � Integration of of critical critical and not and not critical critical functions functions Integration � � Interaction between between functions functions - - Functional Functional modes modes Interaction � � Safety requirements Safety requirements: : � � � Values Values � � Performances / time Performances / time constraints constraints � Development process Development process � � Shared between Shared between several several actors actors: : Suppliers Suppliers ( (subcontractors subcontractors) / Car ) / Car makers makers � � Interaction between Interaction between partners partners � � � Black boxes / White boxes / Grey boxes Black boxes / White boxes / Grey boxes - - Intellectual Intellectual property property � Process Process � � � Top Top – – Down / Down / Bottom Bottom - - Up ( Up (reusability reusability) ) � Standards Standards � � Under constraints: Cost, Quality, Variants, Safety EPFL July 2007 Françoise Simonot-Lion Summer Research Institute Nancy Université 3
Outline Outline � Context Context and and general general problems problems � � Automotive Automotive domains domains � � An open issue: the An open issue: the safety safety assessment assessment � � Example Example: a : a steer steer- -by by- -wire wire system system � � Impact of the communication system Impact of the communication system � � Priority Priority- -based based protocol protocol � � TDMA TDMA- -based based protocol protocol � � Conclusions Conclusions � EPFL July 2007 Françoise Simonot-Lion Summer Research Institute Nancy Université 4
Powertrain domain domain Powertrain accelerator brake pedal pedal Constraints driving facilities Climate controller … fuel consumption Motor controller ESP controller exhaust pollution EPFL July 2007 Françoise Simonot-Lion Summer Research Institute Nancy Université 5
Powertrain domain domain Powertrain Functional point of point of view view � Functional � � Complex Complex control control laws laws ~ 100 µs � � Multi Multi- -variables variables � ~ 1 ms � Different Different sampling sampling periods periods � � Cyclic Cyclic ( (motor motor times) times) - - Periodic Periodic ( (other other systems systems) ) � � Operational Operational point of point of view view � � High computation power ( High computation power ( floating � floating point point coprocessors coprocessors) ) � Multi Multi- -tasks tasks ( (different different activation activation rules rules) ) � � Compromise Compromise cost cost / / resolution resolution of of sensors sensors � � Stringent time constraints (response time, freshness) EPFL July 2007 Françoise Simonot-Lion Summer Research Institute Nancy Université 6
Chassis Chassis Forces ground, wind Steering brake column pedal Wheel – suspension - … Constraints Other controller comfort systems (ABS – ESP – ASC – 4WD - …) safety EPFL July 2007 Françoise Simonot-Lion Summer Research Institute Nancy Université 7
Chassis Chassis � Functional Functional point of point of view view � ~1 ms � Complex Complex control control laws laws � � Operational Operational point of point of view view � � High computation power ( High computation power ( floating floating point point � coprocessors) ) coprocessors � Multi Multi- -tasks tasks ( (different different activation activation rules rules) ) � � Compromise Compromise cost cost / / resolution resolution of of sensors sensors � � Distribution Distribution � � Stringent time constraints (response time, freshness, temporal consistency) X-by-Wire Critical domain for the safety EPFL July 2007 Françoise Simonot-Lion Summer Research Institute Nancy Université 8
Body domain domain Body wipers Innovation Innovation Drivers Passengers lights controllers Other systems doors, windows, mirrors seats, ... EPFL July 2007 Françoise Simonot-Lion Summer Research Institute Nancy Université 9
Other domains Body domain domain Body Central Body Functional point of point of view view � Functional � Electronic � Numerous Numerous functions functions � CAN CAN � Reactive Reactive systems systems � LIN LIN � Operational Operational point of point of view view � … s a s � Highly Highly distributed distributed � � Hierarchical Hierarchical distributed distributed system system � � Time constraints (response time, temporal consistency) � Central Body Unit ( Central Body Unit (critical critical entity entity) ) � > 1 s � Optimal Optimal scheduling scheduling of of tasks tasks � � Optimal Optimal scheduling scheduling of messages of messages � EPFL July 2007 Françoise Simonot-Lion Summer Research Institute Nancy Université 10
Telematic, , multimedia multimedia domain domain Telematic Driver Passengers Human Machine Interface Multimedia applications Other Communication systems Telediagnostic … … EPFL July 2007 Françoise Simonot-Lion Summer Research Institute Nancy Université 11
Telematic, , multimedia multimedia domain domain Telematic � Operational Operational point of point of view view � � Upgradable Upgradable devices devices, applications , applications � � « « Plug and Plug and play play » » � � Properties Properties: : security security, , multimedia multimedia QoS QoS � � Resource sharing Resource sharing � � Fluid Fluid data data streams streams � � Bandwith Bandwith � EPFL July 2007 Françoise Simonot-Lion Summer Research Institute Nancy Université 12
� Active Driver assistance � Active safety safety Driver assistance � Night vision support Night vision support � � Pedestrian Pedestrian object object recognition recognition � Complexity � ACC ACC � of the � Lane Lane keeping keeping assistant assistant � closed loop � Collision Collision avoidance avoidance � EPFL July 2007 Françoise Simonot-Lion Summer Research Institute Nancy Université 13
Recommend
More recommend
