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t w i Transport for Melbourne Whats the Plan? Photo Credit to Daniel Bowen https://www.flickr.com/photos/danielbowen/6382532479 Institute of Transport Studies (Monash) The Australian Research Council Key Centre in Transport Management

  1. t w i Transport for Melbourne What’s the Plan? Photo Credit to Daniel Bowen https://www.flickr.com/photos/danielbowen/6382532479 Institute of Transport Studies (Monash) The Australian Research Council Key Centre in Transport Management

  2. Welcome Professor Michael Buxton Centre for Urban Research RMIT University Institute of Transport Studies (Monash) The Australian Research Council Key Centre in Transport Management

  3. Professor Graham Currie Public Transport Research Group Institute of Transport Studies Monash University Institute of Transport Studies (Monash) The Australian Research Council Key Centre in Transport Management

  4. Transport for Melbourne What’s the plan? Thursday 4 th August 2016 Benchmarking Public Transport in Melbourne Prof Graham Currie Public Transport Research Group Institute of Transport Studies Monash University Institute of Transport Studies (Monash) The Australian Research Council Key Centre in Transport Management

  5. Introduction Modal Problems Land Use Problems Improvement? Futures

  6. This paper examines Melbourne public transport performance Mode Land Use Improvement? Futures Problems Problems 6

  7. Introduction Modal Problems Land Use Problems Improvement? Futures 7

  8. Buses ARE Melbourne’s public transport for most residents, which is a problem…. • Over two thirds of Melbourne can only be serviced by bus services since rail and tram services lie considerable distances from where people live or where they want to travel to • In 1996 the Metropolitan Port Phillip strategy team identified Bay that 2.16M Melbournians lived In areas where buses were bus was the only means of access to public transport. 0.98M lived within access distance of rail services 0 10 20 Western Port kilometres 8

  9. …because there arent many • Over two thirds of Melbourne can only be serviced by bus services since rail and tram services lie considerable distances from where people live or where they want to travel to • In 1996 the Metropolitan Port Phillip strategy team identified Bay that 2.16M Melbournians lived In areas where buses were bus was the only means of access to public transport. 0.98M lived within access Weekday Service Frequency (2006) Weekday Service Span distance of rail services Weekday Peak Off Peak 0 10 20 Western Port kilometres AV. MELBOURNE 06:46-18:53 AV. MELBOURNE 40m 50m 9

  10. The bus network on weekdays... Weekday Bus Services 10 Source: Currie (2003) Source: Currie (2003) Source: Currie (2003)

  11. …contrasts somewhat with weekends Sunday Bus Services 11 Source: Currie (2003)

  12. Frequency drives Australian ridership performance 120,000 111 200 100,000 700 (903) T80 130 410 80,000 402 Boardings per route km 150 703 508 900 60,000 527 160 220 901 552 120 40,000 Melbourne Bus 180 271 541 Melbourne Smartbus 555 888 125 800 T65 140 Adelaide NE Busway 850 170 889 307 T500 506 561 Brisbane SE Busway 623 624 100 20,000 124 210 612 442 564 437 Sydney T-Ways T501 404 542 250 212 305 811 135 T70 T61 627 683 T75 507 545 781 304 T71 503 400 443 546 812 785 T64 766 784 T62 407 685 155 521 T63 926 548 0 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 Vehicle trips/annum Source: Currie, G. and Delbosc A (2011) ‘Understanding bus rapid transit route ridership drivers: An empirical study of Australian BRT systems’ TRANSPORT POLICY Volume 18, Issue 5, September 2011, Pages 755-764 12 12

  13. In general our bus service level is poor compared to world practice Source: Pan D (2013) ‘Key Transport Statistics of World Cities’ Journeys Sept 2013 13 13

  14. Tram services are struggling in growing traffic congestion Source: VCEC (2006) Inquiry into Managing Transport Congestion 14 14

  15. Melbourne is the worlds biggest “streetcar” system Tram Track Km in Mixed Traffic 180 Melbourne 1 67 160 Toronto 140 120 German Cities French Cities UK Cities USA Cities 100 80 71 66 60 49 48 44 41 40 31 25 24 24 23 1 8 1 7 20 1 4 1 3 1 2 9 9 9 8 7 5 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eld rt n rg am cisco hia go to se lo e n rg in nd e im ld B tes le n r ns n on r s r City n h is s a n d s is d rf m im r a B SW SS e F llie ste nd ea re ark it le r s ark ttl NE O sse n ve ID yo e sto urg lla sh sto tro n u n ve ffa o a K) ttg fe ch ob u n h Jo an T u u rt/M g e u ffi W ie ltimo rtla e o ela ea ld u e n a o yd h lp e mp UR N ch isb rtm lo o nh B ele L e Ro che la D acram Da w o ng t. L n w sse E lh n tu rbru Na n to rle trasb he g ran e ke lve ttsb n Bo De De rle Bu RO Co (V n Cro ttin id Ne an Ne S Bo u Ha n re nd d Ke Po ev BO Du n n O an e s A M S n Bi n S st M ila a a S O kfu Do a Bo G n M Ba S O Du M Bo o F alt L G Pi Cl e aa M a No a S T S M Ph w L h o E n rlsru e an S L Ne S e M ra W yn S S F T Ka Source: Currie G and Shalaby A (2007) ‘Success and Challenges in Modernising Streetcar Systems – Experience in Melbourne and Toronto’ Transportation Research Record No 2006 Transportation Research Board Washington DC ISSN 0361-1981 pp 31-39 2007 15

  16. 16

  17. Mixed Traffic service impedes performance Average Operating Speeds – World Tram/Light Rail Systems Skagen, 40 Guadalajara, 34 32 31 Toulouse, 30 Melbourne Tram Reliability Washington, 30 26 Laon, 26 25 Stuttgart, 25 25 Hong Kong, 22 • 33% of services are 21 Strasbourg, 21 21 New York, 21 considered to be NOT 21 M annheim, 20 20 Los Angeles, 20 running on time 20 1 9 Rotterdam, 1 9 Tunis, 1 9 1 9 • On time defined as arriving Hong Kong, 1 9 City/ System 1 8 M ainz, 1 8 1 8 Heidelberg 1 8 more than 1 min early of 1 8 M unich, 1 8 1 8 Riga, 1 8 more than 6 mins late 1 8 Berlin, 1 7 1 7 Oslo, 1 7 1 7 Paris, 1 7 1 7 Budapest, 1 7 1 7 Zwickau, 1 7 1 7 Constanta, 1 7 1 6 Amsterdam, 1 6 1 6 Creil, 1 6 1 6 Vienna, 1 6 1 6 Zagreb, 1 5 1 5 Source: Track Record Genève 1 5 Melbourne (15/16 kph) 1 5 M ELBOURNE 1 5 1 5 Torino, 1 5 1 4 Toronto, 1 4 1 4 Tallinn, 1 4 1 4 Würzburg, 1 3 1 2 M ilano, 1 2 1 0 Lisbon, 1 0 9 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Average Speed (KPH) Source: UITP Databank 17

  18. Melbourne tram ridership is low compared to overseas systems; due to low relative frequency 16 14 12 m k e l c 10 i h e v r e 8 p s r e g n 6 e s s a P BRT (Australia) 4 Light Rail (Australia) Light Rail (USA) 2 Light Rail (Europe) 0 0 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 Vehicle trips per annum Source: Currie G and Delbosc A (2013) ‘Exploring Comparative Ridership Drivers of Bus Rapid Transit and Light Rail Transit Routes’ JOURNAL OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION Journal of Public Transportation, Vol. 16, No. 2, 2013 pp47-65 18 18

  19. Better performing railways are built on new not old infrastructure and strong resilience/reliability Average Speed (Kph) Breakdowns in Service (000 kms) 15 Melbourne Melbourne 33 50 Sydney 45 Singapore Best Practice 100 Hong Kong 52.6 Singapore Never Recorded 55 Perth Hong Kong 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 Av. Speed (Kph) Av. Speed (Kph) 19

  20. ...yet expanding rail, thus making it more complex, has been our approach to mass transit expansion 20

  21. Unplanned disruptions are common; e.g. reported signal faults; 1,900 p.a. (5+/day) Reported Signaling Disruptions • 1,900 signal failures p.a. (12 months to August 2013) • 5.2 per day • Biggest Locations: • Flinders Street Station 89 • North Melbourne 71 • Newport 51 Metro Trains "We are installing advanced computer technology which improves control of the signalling system, but our field equipment is outdated and requires replacing," Source: Adam Carey, The Age, ‘Signal failures are causing chronic rail delays’ 23/10/2013 21 21

  22. Melbourne rail demand growth has been impressive by any standard History of Rail Patronage - Melbourne 240.0 228.9 225.5 222 219.3 220.0 213.9 201.2 200.0 Rail 178.6 180.0 Demand 162.4 M trips 160.0 p.a. 146.0 127.9 131.8 133.8 134.9 140.0 120.0 2000-1 2001-2 2002-3 2003-4 2004-5 2005-6 2006-7 2007-8 2008-9 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 Year Source: Department of Transport/ Public Transport Victoria Annual Reports 22

  23. However the rail network has reached capacity 23

  24. So what do passengers think about these issues? 24

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