Successful thermal conversion of f poultry ry litter in The Netherlands A sustainable alternative to direct land spreading IEC Business Conference Warsaw 2016 Gerd-Jan de Leeuw gerdjan.deleeuw@bmcmoerdijk.nl 1 | IEC Business Conference Warsaw 2016
Dutch poultry ry litter market • 1,300,000 t/y poultry litter available in The Netherlands. • 650,000 t/y is exported to Germany, Belgium and France. • 430,000 t/y is processed by BMC Moerdijk. • 75% of the poultry litter supply is contracted for 10 years via the DEP Cooperative . 2 | IEC Business Conference Warsaw 2016
BMC’s market position Market (t) BMC (t) Market share (%) Broilers 450,000 225,000 50% Laying hens 600,000 100,000 17% Rearing 100,000 45,000 45% Breeders 100,000 35,000 35% Turkeys 50,000 25,000 50% 3 | IEC Business Conference Warsaw 2016
Poultry ry litter as fu fuel Organic matter (%) Ash (%) Water (%) • Poultry litter is a heterogeneous fuel. Rearing • BMC is capable to incinerate poultry litter with an average Turkeys NCV between 6.8 GJ/t and 8.5 Broilers GJ/t. • Yearly average NCV is 7.3 GJ/t Laying hens (57% dry matter) • Mixing is therefore of the utmost Breeders importance! 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% It’s difficult to incinerate poultry litter, also because of the high risk of ash agglomeration in the boiler. 4 | IEC Business Conference Warsaw 2016
Production process Fuel 430,000 t/y 1,200-1,400 t/day 6,000 t on site storage 17,000 t external storage Electricity 132 t steam/h (478 °C & 65 bar) 37.8 MWe maximal power 32% gross electrical eff. 15% own consumption Ash 60,000 t/y 5 | IEC Business Conference Warsaw 2016
Two products: : electricity and and ash Electricity • Average availability: 91%. • Average gross electricity production: 286 GWh. (Design: 270 GWh) • BMC’s net electricity production ≈ 80% of the electricity consumption of all Dutch poultry farmers. • Green electricity and therefore subsidized by Dutch government. Ash • Sold and used as PK fertiliser in mainly France. 6 | IEC Business Conference Warsaw 2016
BMC jo joins carbon and and nutrient cycle meat & eggs organic organic matter in harvest matter poultry in plants litter plants manure absorb CO 2 and solar energy sustainable fertilising energy sustainable energy PK fertiliser 7 | IEC Business Conference Warsaw 2016
Electricity fr from poultry ry manure: a cleaner alternative to direct land application* • Electricity production from poultry manure saves emissions from fossil fuel combustion. • Land spreading of poultry manure causes larger emissions of NH 3 , N 2 O and NO x than combustion. • The ash is recovered as a PK fertilizer and has a lower mass and volume than the manure, making it more suitable for export to regions with a high P demand. *Billen, P., et al., Electricity from poultry manure: a cleaner alternative to direct land application, Journal of Cleaner Production (2014), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.04.016 8 | IEC Business Conference Warsaw 2016
Business case Current (2008-2017) Costs Revenues • Operational costs • MEP subsidy • Capital costs • Sales of electricity • Gate fee poultry litter • PK-fertiliser Future (2018-2029) Revenues Costs • Sales of electricity • Operational costs • PK-fertiliser • Purchase of poultry litter • SDE+ subsidy • Innovation 9 | IEC Business Conference Warsaw 2016
Final remarks • BMC has proven to be a reliable and sustainable electricity producer and is an independent poultry litter processor with a very high availability . • Our poultry farmers comply to the legal obligation to process their poultry litter. The Dutch phosphorus surplus is reduced by ≈ 8,000,000 kg P 2 O 5 per year. • BMC reduces CO 2 emissions and therefore contributes to the Dutch goals of 14% renewable energy in 2020. • BMC has reduced NH 3 emissions of Dutch poultry farmers by 25% since 2008. • Nutrients like phosphorus and potassium are reusable and more easily transported to phosphorus demanding regions. • All shareholders intend to keep the plant operational until at least 2029 . This is technically and economically feasible. 10 | IEC Business Conference Warsaw 2016
Thank you! IEC Business Conference Warsaw 2016 Gerd-Jan de Leeuw gerdjan.deleeuw@bmcmoerdijk.nl 11 | IEC Business Conference Warsaw 2016
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