Studying Black-hole kicks BH-LMXB The Stars for All Meeting - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

BH kicks S. Repetto Issue Studying Black-hole kicks BH-LMXB The Stars for All Meeting observed pop. Supernova kicks Serena Repetto 1 , 2 , Melvyn B. Davies 1 and S. Sigurdsson 3 Galactic orbits BPS, How 1 Lund Observatory to 2 Dept. of Astrophysics, Nijmegen 3 Dept. of Astronomy & Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University BPS, results Single Lund, 7th February 2012 Sources Physics of the NK Conclusions

BH kicks S. Repetto Lund Observatory Issue Master Thesis "Investigating Black-hole kicks" BH-LMXB Melvyn B. Davies The observed About to submit in MNRAS pop. Supernova kicks Galactic orbits BPS, How to Dept. of Astrophysics, Nijmegen BPS, results PhD student Single Gijs Nelemans, Peter Jonker Sources Physics of the NK Conclusions

Do BHs receive kicks at birth? BH kicks S. Repetto Neutron stars get Natal Kicks at birth Issue → 200 − 400 km/s from proper motion BH-LMXB Lyne & Lorimer 1994 The observed pop. Issue: Supernova kicks Supernova → Mass Loss Kick (+ Natal Kick) Galactic orbits What about stellar BHs? BPS, How Same size as NS kicks? to BPS, Best candidates: results Single Black-holes in Low Mass X-ray Binaries Sources BH + sun-like companion Physics of the NK For free: Conclusions Insights into how black-holes are formed!

BH kicks S. Repetto Issue BH-LMXB Previous Work The observed pop. Supernova Willems et al. 2005 kicks Gualandris et al. 2005 Galactic orbits Fragos et al. 2009 BPS, How to Miller-Jones et al. 2009 BPS, results Single Sources Physics of the NK Conclusions

Black-holes in LMXBs BH kicks S. Repetto Issue BH-LMXB The observed pop. Supernova kicks (b) Binary is now powered by RLO (X-ray disk), artist Galactic orbits impression. (a) BH binary orbit in the Galaxy for BPS, How 10 7 − 10 9 (Rodrigues & Mirabel) to BPS, results Single Sources W hy: The supernova kicks the binary away from its planar o Physics of the NK Which kick does it need in order to get Conclusions to the current position? H ow: Synthetic population of BH-LMXBs

Observed Galactic distribution BH kicks S. Repetto How do they get there? High z ( z > 1 ) or closer in ( R � 4 ), the trickiest Issue NSs and BHs evidently similar... BH-LMXB The observed pop. Supernova kicks Galactic orbits BPS, How to BPS, results Single Sources Physics of the NK Conclusions

Observed Galactic distribution BH kicks S. Repetto How do they get there? High z ( z > 1 ) or closer in ( R � 4 ), the trickiest Issue NSs and BHs evidently similar... BH-LMXB The observed pop. Supernova kicks Galactic orbits BPS, How to BPS, results Single Sources Physics of the NK Conclusions

Kicks of surviving binaries BH kicks S. Repetto Binary Kick: The supernova "kicks" the BH and its companion Issue BH-LMXB Sym SN Mass Loss Kick The observed The binary recoils pop. Binary Kick ∼ tens km/s Supernova kicks Asym SN Mass Loss Kick+Natal Kick Galactic The NS recoils with V NK orbits Binary Kick ∼ hundreds km/s BPS, How to BPS, results What about BH? Single Full kick scenario: Sources Physics of BH recoils with V NK the NK Reduced kick scenario: Conclusions The BH recoils with V NK × M NS M BH

Modelling NS Natal Kicks BH kicks S. Repetto Hansen & Phinney 1997, one pick maxwellian Arzoumanian 2002, two peaks maxwellian Issue Reduced kicks typically lower than 100 km/s BH-LMXB The observed pop. Supernova kicks Galactic orbits BPS, How to BPS, results Single Sources Physics of the NK Conclusions

Orbits in the Galaxy BH kicks S. Repetto Issue BH-LMXB Binary kick ∼ Galactic rotation → Dynamics changes The observed The binary orbits in the Galaxy up to the present day pop. LMXBs are typically old, 10 7 - 10 9 years Supernova kicks Galactic orbits BPS, How to BPS, results Binary can move significantly from the plane! Single Sources Necessary velocity: A simple argument... Physics of the NK Conclusions

Orbits in the Galaxy BH kicks S. Repetto Maximum z reached by the binary for an optimal binary kick Issue Some require binary kiks greater than 100 km/s BH-LMXB Reduced kicks not enough? The observed pop. Supernova kicks Galactic orbits BPS, How Typical Binary Kicks to H&P : 230 km/s BPS, results Bim: 200 km/s Single MCK-H&P 50 km/s Sources MCK-Bim 60 km/s Physics of the NK Conclusions

BPS, How to BH kicks S. Repetto Issue We populate the thin disk assuming SFR ∼ BFR BH-LMXB We build a synthetic population of BH binaries taking The observed average binary properties pop. Supernova We impart the binary a Mass Loss Kick kicks We impart the BH a Natal Kick drawn from different Galactic orbits distribution (both full and reduced) BPS, How to Binary kick + Galactic rotation → Integration of trajectories for 10 9 years BPS, results Single Galactic distribution of the synthetic pop. Sources Cf. Observed distribution → Fine tuning of the Natal Physics of the NK Kick Conclusions

BPS, results 1) BH kicks S. Repetto A zero Natal Kick (i.e. Mass Loss Kick alone) evidently fails! Issue BH-LMXB The observed pop. 2 Supernova kicks Galactic orbits BPS, How to 0 BPS, results Single Sources Physics of the NK -2 Conclusions 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

BPS, results 1) BH kicks S. Repetto Full Natal Kicks appear to fit Reduced Natal Kicks give binaries more concentrated Issue towards the plane BH-LMXB The observed pop. Supernova kicks Galactic orbits BPS, How to BPS, results 2 Single Sources Physics of 0 the NK Conclusions -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 R (kpc)

BPS, results 2) BH kicks S. Repetto Black-hole Kick distribution Issue BH-LMXB The observed pop. Supernova kicks Galactic orbits BPS, How to BPS, results Single Sources Physics of the NK Conclusions

Single sources BH kicks S. Repetto Issue Three binaries show strong evidence for a the BH-LMXB requirement of a full Natal Kick The observed pop. Supernova Name R z V ⊥ V NK kicks (km/s) (km/s) (kpc) (kpc) Galactic orbits 4U1543-47 3.92 0.70 95 80 BPS, How 1659-487 - 3.25 -0.67 113 to 1819.3-2525 2.14 -0.82 160 190 BPS, results XTEJ1118+480 8.73 1.50 80 70 Single 1705-250 0.55 1.36 Sources 420 450 Physics of XTEJ1859+226 - 7.23 1.20 80 the NK Conclusions

The physics of the (NS) Natal Kick BH kicks S. Repetto What is the propeller? Issue Hydrodynamically driven BH-LMXB C onvective instabilities The O verstable oscillation of the progenitor core observed pop. Neutrino driven Supernova kicks (Lai et al. 2001) Galactic orbits Black Holes are formed via: BPS, How to Prompt Collapse → No Natal Kick BPS, Fall back onto the proto-NS → Momentum Conserving results Kick Single Sources Other? Exotic? Physics of the NK A ccretion from companion Conclusions C oalescence of a double-NS binary formed via fragmentation in the core-collapse (Davies et al. 2002)

The physics of the (NS) Natal Kick BH kicks S. Repetto What is the propeller? Issue Hydrodynamically driven BH-LMXB C onvective instabilities The O verstable oscillation of the progenitor core observed pop. Neutrino driven Supernova kicks (Lai et al. 2001) Galactic orbits Black Holes are formed via: BPS, How to Prompt Collapse → No Natal Kick BPS, Fall back onto the proto-NS → Momentum Conserving results Kick Single Sources Other? Exotic? Physics of the NK A ccretion from companion Conclusions C oalescence of a double-NS binary formed via fragmentation in the core-collapse (Davies et al. 2002)

Conclusions BH kicks S. Repetto Issue BH-LMXB The observed pop. We considered the pop. of BH-LMXBs as a function of Supernova the distribution of the Natal Kick kicks Galactic Population: Full Natal Kicks make computed orbits distribution more similar to observed BPS, How to Single Sources: Some strong candidates for full Natal BPS, results Kicks Single Sources Physics of the NK Conclusions

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