STUDY OF THE MORPHOLOGY OF NA AND K LAYER ON MLT REGION Andrioli, - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

STUDY OF THE MORPHOLOGY OF NA AND K LAYER ON MLT REGION Andrioli, Vania F.; Batista, Paulo P.; Pimenta, Alexandre A.; Savio, Siomel; Fagundes, Paulo R.; Xu, Jiyao; Yang, Guotao; Jing, Jiao; Cheng, Xuewu; Wang, Chi; Liu, Zhengkuan

OVERVIEW • Na-K LIDAR • Nocturnal Variations of Na and K layers • Seasonal behavior • Summary

NA/K LIDAR ROOM DESIGN YAG Laser 589 nm (Na) 770 nm (K) 1064 nm LASER FM  532 nm Dye Laser beams Optical Bench Dye laser pump Telescope Signal acquisition and control room China – Brazil Joint Laboratory for Space Weather

METEORIC METALS LAYER • ~50 tonnes of interplanetary dust enters in the Earth's atmosphere every day Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/21/lyrid-meteor-shower- 2014_n_5186204.html http://www.chem.leeds.ac.uk/en/john-plane/modelling/mesosphere/current-research/metal- layers.html

NA/K LIDAR OPERATION REPORT Hours of observation Na/K LIDAR – China-Brazil Joint Lab : Total 686 hours 140,00 120,00 100,00 80,00 60,00 40,00 20,00 0,00 nov/16 dec/16 jan/17 Feb/17 mar/17 Apr/17 May/17 jun/17 jul/17 ago/17 set/17 out/17 nov/17 dec/17 jan/18 fev/18 mar/18 abr/18

NOCTURNAL VARIATIONS

 ~ 9 km

 ~ 9 km

Na Height Peak Na Density Peak Height - 25/04/2017 K Density peak height on 25/04/2017 Linear Fit 100 100 Peak height Y(x) = 97 - 0.016 x Linear Fit Y(x) = 94 - 0.014 x 95 95 Peak Height (km) Peak height (km) 90 90 85 85 80 80 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 Profile number (15 min averaged) Time (15 min average) Phase speed ~ 900 m/h Influency of the waves and instabilities on the morphology of the Na and K layers

Meridional Zonal Diurnal  = 28 km Diurnal  = 23.5 km Semidiurnal  = 16 km Semidiurnal  = 18 km

COMPARATIVE RESULTS Month/year Events/total observation • 81 nights with more than 3 hour SJC Na LIDAR (2007-2008) Sep/2007 4/6 • 62 had a vertical descending Oct/2007 3/5 structure Feb/2008 1/1 • Apparently no seasonal Mar/2008 5/8 tendency Apr/2008 3/6 • 109 nights K-Na (2017-2018) total May/2008 9/12 of 78 structures on Na density and 76 on K. Jun/2008 5/7 Jul/2008 10/13 • Simonich et al. (1979) atributed to dynamical effects Aug/2008 8/8 Sept/2008 7/10 Oct/2008 5/5

COMPARISON WITH OLD NA LIDAR

SEASONAL BEHAVIOR 83 nigths observation; ~ 550 hours in 2017 Monthly mean K density 2017 Monthly Averaged Na density -3 ) 100 Na (cm 100 -3 ) K (cm 0 98 0 750 25 1500 96 95 50 2250 75 94 3000 100 3750 Altitude (km) 125 92 4500 Altitude (km) 150 90 5250 90 175 6000 200 88 85 86 84 82 80 Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 80 Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month Time (month)

Monthly averaged Na density abundance for 2017 Month Averaged of K total abundance for 2017 5 4 7x10 2.1x10 5 6x10 4 1.8x10 -2 ) -2 ) Monthly mean K Abundance (cm Abundance (cm 5 5x10 4 1.5x10 5 4x10 4 1.2x10 5 3x10 5 3 2x10 9.0x10 5 1x10 3 6.0x10 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 3 3.0x10 Time Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month

83 nigths observation; ~ 550 hours in 2017 K Centroid Data: Data1_Aver 110 Model: Gauss Monthly averaged of centroid and layer width for K in 2017 Chi^2/DoF = 5.60134 R^2 = 0.99295 Layer width (km) 9.0 y0 11.80564 ±0.1182 8.5 xc 90.36812 ±0.01688 100 8.0 w 8.09064 ±0.03677 A 941.09979 ±4.2463 7.5 7.0 Altitude (km) 6.5 6.0 90 Altutide of centroid (km) 94 W = 8 km 92 80 90 88 86 70 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec J 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Month -3 ) K Density (cm Data: monthly_Averaged 2017 Na centroid Model: Gauss 105 Sodium Seasonal layer width and Centroid distribution SJC 2017 20 Chi^2/DoF = 5095.27422 R^2 = 0.99245 Layer Width (km) 16 y0 -45.08816 ±19.48213 100 xc 91.83013 ±0.02163 w 10.47176 ±0.10428 12 A 32838.67447 ±518.68968 95 8 Altitude (km) W = 10.5 km Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 94 90 Avareged centroid (km) centroid 85 92 80 90 0 1000 2000 3000 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec -3 ) Na Density (cm

SUMMARY • Descending structures on night densities are related to dynamical processes mainly due to atmospheric tides • Na density abundance showed a Semiannual distribution with maxima around June and October; • K density abundance showed an Annual distribution with maxima around June; • K centroid 90.4 km and Na 91.8 km, do not change to much throught year but both presented a descending “ trend ” • Moreover the layer width ~10.5 km (Na) and ~ 8 km (K)