Status of NBSAPs Revision & Integration of Aichi Targets 5, 11, 14 & 15: South-East Asia Regional Perspective Jambi, 1 May 2014 Presented by: Iwan Kurniawan & Dr. Fachruddin Mangunjaya
Biodiversity in South-East Asia � Three of the 17 known mega- diverse countries (Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines). � Less than 10% of the global surface, but supports more than 70% of the planet’s biological diversity . � provide essential life support system. � Indonesia : 10% of flowering plants, 12% of the world’s mammals, 16% of the world’s reptiles and amphibians, 17% of all birds, and more than a quarter of all marine and fresh- water fish.
Potential Economic Value of Biodiversity & Ecosystem - Terrestrial 1.3 bill m3 of water (NP); 146 bill m3 (Phillippines) 3.2 mega watt (water); 1.1 mega watt (geothermal) 250 ton Ce/ha � US$ 8 Pharmaceuticals ??
Potential Economic Value of Biodiversity & Ecosystem – Coastal & Marine US$538 of fish/ha/year in Philippines US$ 83.93/day from Ecotourism 35 tons of fish/year/0.25 km2 18.4% to GDP
Biodiversity Threats � Population 605 million � 2 mill ha/year of forest loss (27 years) � 26% of mangrove loss (25 years) � 40% of coral reef loss/ degraded (14 years) � 30 to 50% losses of sea grass habitats in Indonesia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand � Out of 47,915 species assessed, 2,517 are threatened
Key drivers of BD loss � Ecosystems and habitat change � Climate change � Invasive alien species � Over-exploitation ( as a result of deforestation and land-use and water-use change, as well as wildlife hunting and trade for food ) � Pollution � Poverty
NBSAP � Key result of the biodiversity planning process. � By which countries can plan to address the threats to their biodiversity. � Relevant to other biodiversity-related conventions and agreements � RAMSAR, CITES,CMS, World Heritage Convention, ITPGRFA. � Most of existing NBSAPs are between 8 and 10 years old
Barriers of NBSAP Implementation Inadequate capacities (technical & 1. financial). Lack of awareness of high-level 2. decision makers. Weak institutional arrangement 3. (overlapping mandate, synergy, unclear roles). M & E is not in place. 4. Indicators & targets do not SMART. 5.
New Generation of NBSAP � COP-10 decision required each country to review, update and revise NBSAPs . � Use NBSAPs as effective instruments for the integration of biodiversity targets into national development and poverty reduction policies and strategies. � Monitor and review the implementation of their NBSAPs and report to COP through the fifth and sixth national reports. 1. Create synergies through the formation of a multi-sectoral advisory group; 2. Build awareness of the value of biodiversity (economic engine, major element of climate resilience and adaptation); 3. Ensure the institutional framework required for IBSAP is implemented and widely adopted throughout society.
Timeline of Achieving Aichi Targets 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 CoP12 CoP14 CoP15 CoP13 National �� �� �� �� MDGs �� �� �� �� Targets Set SDGs NBSAPs revised & NBSAPs implemented adopted National Targets Achieved 5 th National 6 th National GBO- Reports Reports 4
Aichi Targets – clustering to form strategies Protection ABS Biodiversity mainstreaming Protected Understand Sustainable Implement areas values fisheries Nagoya Prot. Prevent Mainstream Manage extinctions Enabling biodiversity within limits Conserve Revise gene pool NBSAPs Address Reduce incentives pollution Respect and Restoration conserve TK Sustainable Restore Reduce Improve production ecosystems invasive knowledge spp. Enhance Halve rate Minimize Mobilize resilience of loss reef loss resources
NBSAP Process Cycle Getting Organized Assessment/ Country study Reporting Stakeholder Engagement & Developing a Strategic Strategy & Communication Setting Targets Monitoring Developing a & Evaluation Plan of Action Implementation
Stocktaking and Stakeholder Identification Question1: Who uses or Ecosystem impacts Approach ecosystems? (based on services and uses of main Question 2: ecosystems) Who benefits of the ecosystems and who does not? Question 4: Question 3: Who will be Who wishes to affected by benefit of ecosystems ecosystems but change? is unable?
Stocktaking and Stakeholder Identification Level of Stakeholder National Stakeholder 3 Stakeholder 2 Stakeholder 1 Local
Country Experience INDONESIA
Roadmap NEW IBSAP 2015-2020 October-Desember April-Sept 2014 2013 FGDs: all Draft ( Contract, Stock Documents: Status taking, FGDs, Kehati, VE, MS,RM, Outline, Reviews New IBSAP; meanstreaming, National Report economic valuation, ,Compilation 1, Revision, resource and Final Draft, New mobilization(K3 ) IBSAP Januari-Maret 2014 (FGDs: Stock Taking (K3) National Target, Institutions, CEPA, CHM , Monitoring and Evaluation , Integration dan Compilation Draft1 (end of March)
Indonesia Biodiversity Plan 150 pages 1) Biodiversity Action Plan for Indonesia (BAPI) –1993 289 pages 2) Indonesia Biodiversity 80pages Strategicand Action Plan (IBSAP) 2003-2020 3) IBSAP Update/New IBSAP 2014-2020
Stocktaking: Status & Trend of BD
Process of NBSAP Revision LIPI • The state of Country Biodiversity (Indonesia • Updated National target Stocktaking Institute of & National • Multi stakeholders approach Science) National Dev. Plan Targets Integration PPN/ • The strategy for biodiversity mainstreaming BAPPENAS Updated • Resource mobilization strategy +consultans IBSAP • Economic Valuation of biodiversity • Institutional Framework • Communication strategy & outreach MoE • Monitoring & evaluation mechanism +consultans Institutional • Clering House Mechanism (CHM) Framework • National report
Gap Analysis
Mainstreaming BD - Strategy Line Ministries/ Institutions • Community • NGOs • Private sector • Universities RPJMN (National • Evaluation Mid Term) • Existing condition • Integrating current • Challange issues (scientific, • Priority local, global, • Strategy regulations) RPJMD (Regional Mid- term) Regional Goverment Implementation Feedback
Challenging in NBSAP Revision � Lack of available data (economic valuation of BD; impact of CC to BD). � Costing the action plan/targets & assess financing gap. � Building political commitment (new government). � Setting the targets: national, sub- national, sectoral, cross-cutting
Target Setting T T T T5 5 5 5, T , T , T , T11 11 11 11, T , T , T , T14 14 14 14, T , T , T , T15 15 15 15
Setting National Targets A set of national goals and targets should have the following characteristics: • S pecific (more specific than global targets); • M easurable (quantified); • A mbitious – beyond BAU; not limited to existing resources; • R ealistic (credibility for biodiversity planning); • T ime bound;
Specific A specific target will usually result from consideration of the five "W" questions: � What � What do I want to accomplish? � Why � Specific reasons, purpose or benefits of accomplishing the goal associated with the target. � Who � � Who is involved? � � � Where � � � Identify a location. � � Which � � Identify requirements and � � constraints.
Measurable A measurable target will usually result from consideration of questions such as: � How much? � How many? � How will I know when it is achieved?
Achievable/Ambitious An achievable goal will usually result from analysis of the question: � How can the target be reached? Are all the steps practically possible? � An ambitious target can be used to focus attention on longer-term goals that may not be achievable with existing methods/resources
Relevant (Realistic): A relevant (realistic) target can answer yes to these questions: • Does this seem worthwhile? • Is this the right time? • Does this match our other efforts/needs?
Timebound: A time-bound target will results from consideration of the question: By When ? • What can I do 6 months from now? • What can I do 6 weeks from now? • What can I do today?
B. Reduce the direct pressures on biodiversity and promote sustainable use Target 5: By 2020, the rate of loss of all natural habitats, including forests, is at least halved and where feasible brought close to zero, and degradation and fragmentation is significantly reduced.
B. Reduce the direct pressures on biodiversity and promote sustainable use Target 5 Habitat loss halved or reduced relevant decisions on � forest biodiversity, � marine and coastal biodiversity, � inland water biodiversity, � dry and sub-humid lands biodiversity, � sustainable use Key words: natural habitats, high BD value habitats, tipping points, halting loss, degradation/fragmentation reduced Examples of activities include: spatial planning; implementation of REDD
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