of Aichi Biodiversity Targets 11 & 12 Capacity-building workshop - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sub-regional Analysis of the Status of Aichi Biodiversity Targets 11 & 12 Capacity-building workshop for East Asia and Southeast Asia on achieving Aichi Biodiversity Target 11 and 12 Yanji City, Jilin Province, China Dr. Sarat Babu Gidda Convention on Biological Diversity 15 September 2015

Explanation of the Elements for Aichi Targets 11 By 2020 , at least 17 % of terrestrial and inland water areas , and 10 % of coastal and marine areas , … especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services , … are conserved through … protected areas that are … … effectively and equitably managed, … ecologically representative, … well connected systems, integrated into the wider landscapes and seascapes, … and other effective area-based conservation measures

Target 11- quantitative aspects 17% terrestrial and 10 % of coastal and marine areas ?

Target 11 What are areas of particular importance for biodiversity? Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs)  Important Bird Areas  Important Plant Areas  Alliance for Zero Extinction sites  Areas rich in wild relatives of crops Vulnerability and Irreplaceability

Target 11 Ecosystem services of Protected Areas  Water security  Food and health security  subsistence, livelihoods  CC adaptation & mitigation

Ecologically Representative .

Ecological Gap Assessment

Target 11 What is effectively managed ?

Effective management By 2020 , a reas are conserved through effective management … • Conservation needs equity: a fair sharing of the costs and benefits of preserving biodiversity and managing natural resources in a sustainable way • Conservation needs respect to human rights: “do not harm”… and have a positive impact on livelihoods wherever possible • So … what can we do to avoid further loss of habitats, species and natural resources? • How can we ensure the very base of life, of livelihoods, and development ?

Equitable Management: IUCN matrix of protected areas categories and governance types Governance A. Governance by B. Shared Governance C. Private D. Indigenous Peoples & type Government Governance Community Governance …by …by for Federal Local/ Governm Trans- Collabora Joint Declared Indigenous bio- Community or municipa ent- boundary tive management and run non- profit cultural areas & Conserved Areas national l ministry delegated managem managem (pluralist by profit organisatio Territories- - declared and ministry or agency managem ent ent management individu organisat ns (e.g. Category declared and run run by or in change ent (e.g. (various board) al land- ions (e.g. corporate by Indigenous traditional (mngmt. agency to an forms of owner NGOs, land-owners Peoples peoples and local NGO) pluralist univ. ) objective) communities influence) etc.) I - Strict Nature Reserve/ Wilderness Area II – National Park (ecosystem protection; protection of cultural values) III – Natural Monument IV – Habitat/ Species Management V – Protected Landscape/ Seascape VI – Managed Resource

Equitable Management By 2020 , a reas are conserved through equitably managed … i.e. Indigenous and Community Conserved Areas, ICCA Shared Government Private Community governance ICCA WCPA Community Management

Integration and Connectivity By 2020 , areas are conserved through well connected systems, integrated into the wider landscapes and seascapes

Target 11 What are other effective area-based conservation measures?  ICCAs including LMMAs  Private PAs

Building on tradition, tenure and social capital Ngella, Solomon Islands Siviri, Vanuatu Photos: Hugh Govan

Aichi Biodiversity Target 12 By 2020, …the extinction of known threatened species has been prevented and… …their conservation status, particularly of those most in decline, has been improved and sustained.

Status of Target 11s and 12 Protected areas are 17 per cent of terrestrial and effectively and equitably inland water are protected managed Protected areas are 10 per cent of coastal and ecologically representative marine areas are protected Extinction of known Areas of particular threatened species has been importance for biodiversity prevented and ecosystem services are protected The conservation status of those species most in decline has been improved and Protected areas are sustained well connected and integrated into the wider landscape and seascape

Percentage of global areas protected in 2004 (red) and 2014 (blue) Territorial Seas (0-12 nautical miles) 7.83% 10.9% Areas within national jurisdiction (0-200 nautical miles) 2.20% 8.4% Land 13.07% 15.37% 0.00% 2.00% 4.00% 6.00% 8.00% 10.00% 12.00% 14.00% 16.00%

Number of CBD Parties at different levels of protection (percentage) for terrestrial areas in 2004 (red) and 2014 (blue) 66 >17% 83 49 8-16.99% 46 79 0-7.99% 65 0 20 40 60 80 100

Percentage of terrestrial area protected in 2004 (red) and 2014 (blue) 10.9% North America 11.7% 11.8% Asia 12.3% 13.7% Caribbean 13.9% 11.1% Oceania 14.5% 11.1% Africa 14.8% 15.0% Middle East 15.2% 14.9% Europe 16.0% 18.3% South America 24.4% 27.3% Central America 28.1% 13.1% World 15.4% 0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 30.0%

Number of CBD Parties at different levels of protection (percentage) for territorial seas up to 12 nauticle miles in 2004 (red) and 2014 (blue) 38 >10% 49 44 2-9.99% 46 72 0-1.99% 59 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Percentage of territorial seas protected in 2004 (red) and 2014 (blue) 2.7% Caribbean 3.1% 3.3% Middle East 4.2% 2.5% Asia 4.3% 4.9% Africa 7.9% 7.9% North America 9.0% 9.1% Central America 14.3% 14.1% South America 17.9% 11.5% Oceania 18.3% 13.8% Europe 18.7% 7.8% World 10.9% 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0% 10.0% 12.0% 14.0% 16.0% 18.0% 20.0%

Number of terrestrial ecoregions at different levels of protection (2014) >40% 129 17-39.99% 221 10-16.99% 124 5-9.99% 150 2-4.99% 111 <2% 88 0 50 100 150 200 250

Number of marine ecoregions at different levels of protection (2014) >10% 78 5-9.99% 34 2-4.99% 40 <2% 80 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

The number of countries with different levels of protected area coverage for Alliance for Zero Extinction Sites (red) and Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (blue) 31 >50% 85 28 17-49.99% 88 26 0-16.99% 48 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Percentage of Protected Areas in East Asia and Southeast Asia By 2020 , (globally) at least 17 % of terrestrial and inland water areas , and 10 % of coastal and marine areas , are conserved through protected areas National targets should be accumulative to reach global target % Terrestrial PA 14.0 % Marine PA Southeast Asia 4.8 16.9 East Asia 3.6 16.1 Total East Asia + Southeast Asia 4.6 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0

Percentage of terrestrial protected areas in 2004 and 2014 in East Asia and Southeast Asia 6.4 Viet Nam % PA 2004 6.5 3.4 % PA 2014 Timor-Leste 8.7 17.3 Thailand 18.8 5.8 Singapore 5.8 10.9 Philippines 11.0 6.9 Myanmar 7.2 18.3 Malaysia 18.4 16.6 Lao PDR 16.7 14.4 Indonesia 14.6 25.4 Cambodia 26.0 44.1 Brunei Darussalam 44.1 5.4 Republic of Korea 7.6 13.6 Mongolia 17.2 18.9 Japan 19.4 2.5 DPR of Korea 2.5 16.9 China 17.0 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0

Percentage of marine protected areas in 2004 and 2014 in East Asia and Southeast Asia 1.7 % PA 2004 Viet Nam 1.8 % PA 2014 Timor-Leste 3.8 5.0 Thailand 5.2 1.4 Singapore 1.4 2.5 Philippines 2.5 0.2 Myanmar 0.2 2.0 Malaysia 2.3 2.7 Indonesia 5.8 0.5 Cambodia 0.5 1.5 Brunei Darussalam 1.5 3.8 Republic of Korea 4.3 5.0 Japan 5.1 0.1 DPR Korea 0.1 2.0 China 2.3 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0

Protection Status of Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs) in East Asia and Southeast Asia By 2020 , areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services , are conserved 1400 Number of IBAs with complete protection 237 1200 Number of IBAs with partial protection Number of IBAs with no protection 546 1000 800 169 600 68 552 266 400 280 282 270 200 0 Total East Asia + Southeast Asia East Asia Southeast Asia

Protection Status of Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs) in East Asia and Southeast Asia 450 Number of IBAs with complete protection 400 Number of IBAs with partial protection 137 350 Number of IBAs with no protection 300 148 250 200 36 19 150 70 83 125 11 100 41 92 12 4 5 3 50 1 64 21 11 7 2 3 41 44 24 53 7 3 23 36 35 15 2 26 1 32 31 11 5 14 0 4 15 8 1 8

Protection Status of Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas in danger (IBAs in danger) in East Asia and Southeast Asia Number of IBAs in danger with complete protection Number of IBAs in danger with partial protection 30 Number of IBAs in danger with no protection 25 4 4 3 20 3 19 18 15 10 5 1 0 Total East Asia + Southeast East Asia Southeast Asia Asia