Sources and pathways of pharmaceutical residues to the Baltic With - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sources and pathways of pharmaceutical residues to the Baltic With input from [Philip Axe] & Margareta Lundin Unger (SwAM); Maria Linderoth & Jenny Hedman (SEPA); Kia Salin & Alicja Andersson (Medical Products Agency) Philip Axe Philip.axe@havochvatten.se

Introduction • “ Contracting Parties were invited to inform on … sources and pathways … of pharmaceuticals to the Baltic Sea environment ” • impact of medicinal residues on the marine environment: • 4 th most serious problem (after industrial discharges, eutrophication and over-fishing) 5/7/2015 Pharmaceutical pathways Philip Axe 2

Medicine use: agriculture • Pigs & chickens consume most • WSP Environmental produced a screening report based on observations 2006 - 2007 5/7/2015 Pharmaceutical pathways Philip Axe 3

Medicine use: human • Aging population! • Antibacterials & anti- inflammatories • Cardiovascular & diabetes • Sweeteners • Genitourinary 5/7/2015 Pharmaceutical pathways Philip Axe 4

Monitoring • Predominantly, but not only project based • Detection & monitoring methods • SEPA monitors: • sludge & outgoing water • from 9 UWWTP since 2004 • Some antibiotics and NSAIDs • Estrogenic & androgenic activity in outgoing water 5/7/2015 Pharmaceutical pathways Philip Axe 5

Mistra-Pharma • 2008 – 2015 • Identifies human pharmaceuticals of concern to aquatic environments • Promotes risk management, test & treatment technologies • http://www.mistrapharma.se 5/7/2015 Pharmaceutical pathways Philip Axe 6

Measures • (My wife’s pers. comm.: Pharma companies like their molecules to be as stable as possible!) • Impossible to influence label information • Shortage of environmental information for many substances • National management plans for unused medicines are necessary, so they don’t end up down the drain! 5/7/2015 Pharmaceutical pathways Philip Axe 7

Measures • Improvements to treatment at medium to large UWWT are possible & (cost?) effective: • Ozone treatment (test + drift: Linköping) • Carbon filters (test: Osby & Bromölla) • Off mains drainage more difficult to solve. 5/7/2015 Pharmaceutical pathways Philip Axe 8