Slides for Discussion Session Wood Carbon Seminars Cynthia West - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Slides for Discussion Session Wood Carbon Seminars Cynthia West April 30, 2020

US Forests Net Carbon Flux Over Time USFS prediction of net carbon flux under different Net Carbon Flux of US forests 1635-2000 scenarios through 2060 From: USFS, 2012: Future of America’s forest and rangelands: 2010 Resources Planning Act assessment. General Technical Report WO-87. 198 pp., U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Forest Service, Washington, D.C. URL

Southeastern plantation forests and biodiversity Species Richness in US Forests Acres of planted trees by county Source: State of America’s Forests. 2019. https://usaforests.org/ Articles: Greene et al (2016) A meta-analysis of biodiversity responses to management of southeastern pine forests- opportunities for open pine conservation. Forest Ecology and Management Loehle et al (2009) Achieving conservation goals in managed forests of the Southeastern Coastal Plain Environmental Management Demarais et al (2017) Tamm Review: Terrestrial vertebrate biodiversity and intensive forest management in the U.S. Forest Ecology and Management.

Components of Nation's Forest Sink Components of the Nation’s Forest Sink 2016 - MMTCO2 Source USEPA 2017/FS data EPA 2020 GHG Inventory (2018 data) Million metric tonnes CO2e/year Forest Land Harvested Wood Products Urban Trees Carbon Source Carbon Sink Conversion to Forest Conversion From Forest Total Net Sink = 752.9 MMTCO2e/yr Non-CO2 Woodlands -600 -500 -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 Conversion From Conversion to Harvested Wood Woodlands Non-CO2 Urban Trees Forest Land Forest Forest Products Emissions 4 19.4 127.4 -110.6 -129.8 -98.8 -564.5

Land Use Conversion Components of Nation's Forest Sink 2016 - MMTCO2 Nation’s Forest Sink Source USEPA 2017/FS data EPA 2020 GHG Inventory (2017 data) Million metric tonnes CO2e/year TO FOREST LAND USE FROM FOREST LAND USE Wetlands Carbon Source Settlements Carbon Sink Other lands Total Net Source = 16.7 MMTCO2e/yr Grassland Cropland -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 Cropland Grassland Other lands Settlements Wetlands From Forests 48.7 15.9 62.9 To Forests -46.3 -9.7 -14.9 -38.9 -0.9

Components of Nation's Forest Sink Components of North Carolina’s Forest Sink 2016 - MMTCO2 Source USEPA 2017/FS data EPA 2020 GHG Inventory (2018 data) Million metric tonnes CO2e/year Forest Land Harvested Wood Products Urban Trees Carbon Source Carbon Sink Conversion to Forest Conversion From Forest Total Net Sink = - 43.23 MMTCO2e/yr Non-CO2 Woodlands -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 Conversion From Conversion to Harvested Wood Woodlands Non-CO2 Urban Trees Forest Land Forest Forest Products Emissions 0 0 5.5 -4.2 -8.2 -5.93 -30.4

Land Use Conversion Components of Nation's Forest Sink 2016 - MMTCO2 North Carolina’s Forest Sink Source USEPA 2017/FS data EPA 2020 GHG Inventory (2017 data) Million metric tonnes CO2e/year TO FOREST LAND USE FROM FOREST LAND USE Carbon Source Carbon Sink Settlements Other lands Total Net Source = 1.3 MMTCO2e/yr Cropland -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 Cropland Other lands Settlements From Forests 2.5 0 1.3 To Forests -1.7 -0.2 -2.2

Disturbances in regional context: management dominated 14 National forests Healey et al. in review

Components of Nation's Forest Sink Components of Montana’s Forest Sink 2016 - MMTCO2 Source USEPA 2017/FS data EPA 2020 GHG Inventory (2018 data) Total Net Source = 12.17 MMTCO2e/yr Million metric tonnes CO2e/year Forest Land Harvested Wood Products Urban Trees Carbon Sink Carbon Source Conversion to Forest Conversion From Forest Non-CO2 Woodlands -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Conversion From Conversion to Harvested Wood Woodlands Non-CO2 Urban Trees Forest Land Forest Forest Products Emissions 0 3.9 0.2 -1.7 -0.1 -0.63 10.5

Land Use Conversion Components of Nation's Forest Sink 2016 - MMTCO2 Montana’s Forest Sink Source USEPA 2017/FS data Total Net Sink = -1.5 EPA 2020 GHG Inventory (2017 data) MMTCO2e/yr Million metric tonnes CO2e/year FROM FOREST LAND USE TO FOREST LAND USE Settlements Carbon Source Carbon Sink Other lands Grassland Cropland -1.2 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 Cropland Grassland Other lands Settlements From Forests 0 0 0 0.2 To Forests 0 -1.1 -0.6 0

Components of Nation's Forest Sink Components of Colorado’s Forest Sink 2016 - MMTCO2 Source USEPA 2017/FS data EPA 2020 GHG Inventory (2018 data) Total Net Source = 10.39 MMTCO2e/yr Million metric tonnes CO2e/year Forest Land Harvested Wood Products Urban Trees Carbon Sink Carbon Source Conversion to Forest Conversion From Forest Non-CO2 Woodlands -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Conversion From Conversion to Harvested Wood Woodlands Non-CO2 Urban Trees Forest Land Forest Forest Products Emissions 0.6 0.1 0.6 -1 -0.4 -0.61 11.1

Land Use Conversion Components of Nation's Forest Sink 2016 - MMTCO2 Colorado’s Forest Sink Source USEPA 2017/FS data Total Net Sink = -0.45 EPA 2020 GHG Inventory (2017 data) MMTCO2e/yr Million metric tonnes CO2e/year TO FOREST LAND USE FROM FOREST LAND USE Settlements Carbon Source Carbon Sink Other lands Grassland Cropland -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Cropland Grassland Other lands Settlements From Forests 0 0 0 0.6 To Forests 0 -0.4 -0.6 0

Disturbances in regional context: natural disturbance dominated 12 National forests Healey et al. in review

Narrow view of f th the forest system 250 • Concerned with emissions on Short -lived Short -lived A Soil Soil Soil Soil products products shorter time scales and limited Litter Litter Litter Litter Landfill Landfill Landfill Landfill Carbon Cumulative carbon (metric tons per hectare) 200 geographical extent Trees Trees Trees Trees Substitution Substitution Substitution Substitution emission Long -lived Long -lived Long -lived • Source/sink trends main way to Bio -energy Bio - Bio - Bio -energy products products products 150 view impacts of management activates • Considers narrower range of 100 activities that influence carbon positively 50 E.g., timber harvesting would have an 0 immediate negative impact. 0 0 80 80 60 60 100 100 40 40 20 20 Time (years) Time (years) McKinley et al. 2011

Complete Vie iew of f th the Forest System 250 250 Short-lived Short-lived Short-lived Short-lived A A Soil Soil Soil Soil Soil Soil Soil Soil • Concerned with emissions on Cumulative carbon (metric tons per hectare) Cumulative carbon (metric tons per hectare) products products products products Litter Litter Litter Litter Litter Litter Litter Litter Landfill Landfill Landfill Landfill Landfill Landfill Landfill Landfill longer time scales and broader 200 200 Substitution Substitution Substitution Substitution Substitution Substitution Substitution Substitution Trees Trees Trees Trees Trees Trees Trees Trees geographical extent Long-lived Long-lived Long-lived Long-lived Long-lived Long-lived Bio-energy Bio-energy Bio-energy Bio-energy Bio-energy Bio-energy Bio-energy Bio-energy • Impacts of management products products products products products products 150 150 activates are considered more holistically – closer to what the atmosphere actually “sees.” 100 100 • Considers broader range of activities that influence carbon 50 50 positively E.g., timber harvesting would have a positive 0 0 0 0 impact right away. 80 80 40 40 60 60 100 100 20 20 Time (years) Time (years) McKinley et al. 2011