Slide 1 / 48 Slide 2 / 48 1 According to the Arrhenius concept, an acid is a 2 A Bronsted-Lowry base is defined as a substance substance that __________. that __________. increases [H + ] when placed in H 2 O A is capable of donating one or more H+ A decreases [H + ] when placed in H 2 O causes an increase in the concentration of H+ in B B aqueous solutions increases [OH - ] when placed in H 2 O C can accept a pair of electrons to form a D acts as a proton acceptor C coordinate covalent bond E acts as a proton donor reacts with the solvent to form the cation D formed by autoionization of that solvent E tastes bitter Slide 3 / 48 Slide 4 / 48 3 A Bronsted-Lowry acid is defined as a substance 4 A substance that is capable of acting as both an that __________. acid and as a base is __________. A increases Ka when placed in H 2 O A autosomal decreases [H + ] when placed in H 2 O B B conjugated C increases [OH-] when placed in H 2 O C amphoteric D acts as a proton acceptor D saturated E acts as a proton donor E miscible Slide 5 / 48 Slide 6 / 48 The conjugate base of HSO 4 - is __________. 5 What is the conjugate acid of NH 3 ? 6 OH - A NH 3 A + B NH 2 B H 2 SO 4 + 2- C NH 3 C SO 4 + + D NH 4 D HSO 4 E NH 4 OH + E H 3 SO 4
Slide 7 / 48 Slide 8 / 48 The conjugate acid of HSO 4 - is __________. 7 8 What is the conjugate base of OH-? H + A A O 2 B H 2 SO 4 B O- SO 4 2- C C H 2 O + O 2- D HSO 4 D + H 3 O + E HSO 3 E Slide 9 / 48 Slide 10 / 48 9 Which one of the following is a Bronsted-Lowry 10 Which of the following compounds could never acid? act as an acid? (CH 3 ) 3 NH + 2- A A SO 4 HSO 4 - B CH 3 COOH B C HF C H 2 SO 4 D HNO 2 D NH 3 E all of the above E CH 3 COOH Slide 11 / 48 Slide 12 / 48 11 What is an acid, according to Bronsted-Lowry? 12 What is a base, according to Bronsted-Lowry? A anything that donates hydrogen atoms A anything that accepts hydrogen ions B anything that donates hydrogen ions B anything that accepts hydroxide ions C anything that accepts hydrogen ions C anything that donates hydroxide ions D anything that dissolves metal D anything that can be used to clean drains E anything that donates hydronium ions E anything with a bitter taste
Slide 13 / 48 Slide 14 / 48 13 According to the following reaction, which molecule 14 According to the following reaction, which molecule is acting as an acid? is acting as base? H 2 O + H 2 SO 4 → H 3 O + + HSO 4 - - H 2 O + H 2 SO 4 → H 3 O+ + HSO 4 A H 2 SO 4 A H 2 SO 4 B H 2 O B H 2 O H 3 O + H 3 O + C C - - D HSO 4 D HSO 4 E None of the above E None of the above Slide 15 / 48 Slide 16 / 48 15 According to the following reaction, which molecule 16 According to the following reaction, which molecule is acting as an acid? is acting as a base? H 3 O + + HSO 4 - → H 2 O + H 2 SO 4 H 3 O + + HSO 4 - → H 2 O + H 2 SO 4 A H 2 SO 4 A H 2 SO 4 B H 2 O B H 2 0 H 3 O + H 3 O + C C - - D HSO 4 D HSO 4 E None of the above E None of the above Slide 17 / 48 Slide 18 / 48 17 According to the following reaction, which molecule 18 According to the following reaction, which molecule is acting as a base? is acting as an acid? + + H 2 O + NH 3 → OH- + NH 4 H 2 O + NH 3 → OH- + NH 4 A H 2 O A H 2 O B NH 3 B NH 3 C OH- C OH- + + D NH 4 D NH 4 E None of the above E None of the above
Slide 19 / 48 Slide 20 / 48 19 According to the following reaction, which molecule is 20 According to the following reaction, which molecule acting as an acid? is acting as a base? OH - + NH 4 + → H 2 O + NH 3 OH - + NH 4 + → H 2 O + NH 3 A H 2 O A H 2 O B NH 3 B NH 3 OH - C C OH- + + D NH 4 D NH 4 E None of the above E None of the above Slide 21 / 48 Slide 22 / 48 21 In the below reaction, what does the double arrow 22 For the following reaction, identify whether the symbol “ ↔ ” mean? compound in bold is behaving as an acid or a base. OH - + NH 4 + ↔ H 2 O + NH 3 - + H 3 O + H 3 PO 4 + H 2 O <--> H 2 PO 4 The forward and backwards reactions are A happening at the same time A Acid B The reaction can’t decide which way to go B Base C The forward reaction does not progress C Neither The backward reaction happens as fast as the D Both D forward reaction so the proton is not transferred E None of the above E None of the above Slide 23 / 48 Slide 24 / 48 23 For the following reaction, identify whether the 24 For the following reaction, identify whether the compound in bold is behaving as an acid or a base. compound in bold is behaving as an acid or a base. - + H 3 O + - + H 3 O + H 3 PO 4 + H 2 O <--> H 2 PO 4 H 3 PO 4 + H 2 O ↔ H 2 PO 4 A Acid A Acid B Base B Base C Neither C Neither D Both D Both E None of the above E None of the above
Slide 25 / 48 Slide 26 / 48 25 For the following reaction, identify whether the 26 A substance that is capable of acting as both an compound in bold is behaving as an acid or a base. acid and as a base is __________. - + H 3 O + H 3 PO 4 + H 2 O ↔ H 2 PO 4 A autosomal B conjugated A Acid C amphoteric B Base D saturated C Neither E miscible D Both E None of the above Slide 27 / 48 Slide 28 / 48 27 The molar concentration of hydronium ion in pure 28 The molar concentration of hydroxide ion in pure water at 25 °C is __________. water at 25 °C is __________. A 0.00 A 1.00 1.0x10 -7 B B 0.00 1.0x10 -14 1.0x10 -14 C C 1.0x10 -7 D 1.00 D E 7.00 E 7.00 Slide 29 / 48 Slide 30 / 48 29 The magnitude of K w indicates that __________. 30 In basic solution, __________. [H 3 O + ] = [OH - ] A water autoionizes very slowly A H 3 O + ] > [OH - ] B water autoionizes very quickly B [H 3 O + ] < [OH - ] C water autoionizes only to a very small extent C [H 3 O + ] = 0M D the autoionization of water is exothermic D [OH - ] >7.0 E
Slide 31 / 48 Slide 32 / 48 31 An aqueous solution contains 0.10 M NaOH. The 32 Nitric acid is a strong acid. This means that solution is __________. __________. A very dilute aqueous solutions of HNO 3 contain equal A concentrations of H+ (aq) and OH- (aq) B highly colored HNO 3 does not dissociate at all when it is dissolved C basic B in water D neutral - HNO 3 dissociates completely to H+ (aq) and NO 3 C E acidic (aq) when it dissolves in water HNO 3 produces a gaseous product when it is D neutralized E HNO 3 cannot be neutralized by a weak base Slide 33 / 48 Slide 34 / 48 33 Which of the following solutions is the most 34 If you had a 1.0 M solution of a strong acid, what acidic? would be a reasonable pH? A a solution with pH = 3 A 1 B a solution with pH = 5 B 6 C a solution with pH = 7 C 7 D a solution with pH = 10 D 8 E all of the solutions are basic E 13 Slide 35 / 48 Slide 36 / 48 35 If you had a 1.0 M solution of a weak acid, what 36 If you had a 1.0 M solution of a weak base, what would be a reasonable pH? would be a reasonable pH? A 1 A 1 B 6 B 6 C 7 C 7 D 8 D 8 E 13 E 13
Slide 37 / 48 Slide 38 / 48 37 If you had a 1.0 M solution of a strong base, what 38 Which solution below has the highest would be a reasonable pH? concentration of hydroxide ions? A 1 A pH = 3.21 B 6 B pH = 12.6 C 7 C pH = 7.93 D 8 D pH = 9.82 E 13 E pH = 7.00 Slide 39 / 48 Slide 40 / 48 39 As the pH increases, the hydroxide ion 40 If the pH of a solution is 10, what is the hydronium concentration __________. ion concentration? A decreases A 4 B increases B 10 1 x 10 -4 C starts to affect the [H+] C 1 x 10 -7 D stays constant D 1 x 10 -10 E Slide 41 / 48 Slide 42 / 48 41 If the pH of a solution was 7 and you were to 42 If the pH of a solution was 7 and you were to increase the hydroxide ion concentration, what increase the hydronium ion concentration 1000x, would the pH be? what would the pH be? A 1 A 4 B 5 B 7 C 7 C 143 D 9 D 7000 1 x 10 -5 1 x 10 -4 E E
Slide 43 / 48 Slide 44 / 48 43 An aqueous solution at 25.0 °C contains [H+] = 44 The pH of an aqueous solution at 25.0 °C is 10.66. 0.099M. What is the pH of the solution? What is the molarity of in this solution? 2.2x10 -11 A 1.00 A 4.6 x10 -4 B -1.00 B C 13.0 C 3.3 1.1x10 -13 D 0.0990 D 1.00x10 -13 4.6x10 10 E E Slide 45 / 48 Slide 46 / 48 45 What is the pH of an aqueous solution at 25.0 °C in 46 What is the pH of an aqueous solution at 25.0 °C that which [H] + is 0.0025 M? contains 3.98x10 -9 M hydronium ion? A 3.40 A 8.400 B 2.60 B 5.600 C -2.60 C 9.000 D -3.40 D 3.980 E 2.25 E 7.000 Slide 47 / 48 Slide 48 / 48 47 What is the concentration (in M) of hydronium ions in a solution at 25.0 °C with pH = 4.282? A 4.28 B 9.71 1.92x10 -10 C 5.22x10 -5 D 1.66x10 4 E
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