Slide 1 / 48 Slide 2 / 48 1 Elements Z and X are compared. Element Z is 2 Atomic radius generally increases as we move larger than Element X. Based on this you could __________. say: A down a group and from right to left across a period A Element Z is further to the left side of the periodic table B up a group and from left to right across a period Element X is closer to the top of the periodic table B C down a group and from left to right across a period Element Z and X are probably in the same group C up a group and from right to left across a period D D A and/or B down a group; the period position has no effect E E B and/or C Slide 3 / 48 Slide 4 / 48 3 The atomic radius of main-group elements 4 Which one of the following atoms has the largest generally increases down a group because radius? ________. A O A effective nuclear charge increases down a group B F B effective nuclear charge decreases down a group S C effective nuclear charge zigzags down a group C D Cl the principal quantum number of the valence orbitals D Ne E increases both effective nuclear charge increases down a group and the principal quantum number of the valence orbitals E increases Slide 5 / 48 Slide 6 / 48 5 Which one of the following atoms has the largest 6 Which one of the following has the smallest radius? radius? A Sr A Na B Ca Cl B K P C C Rb Br D D Na K E E
Slide 7 / 48 Slide 8 / 48 7 Which one of the following atoms has the largest 8 Which one of the following elements has the radius? largest atomic radius? A I A Se B Co B As Ba S C C Sr Sb D D Ca Te E E Slide 9 / 48 Slide 10 / 48 9 Which one of the following elements has the 10 In which of the following atoms is the 2s orbital largest atomic radius? closest to the nucleus? A S A O B F B Cl Al P C C D P D Si B E They are the same distance in all of these atoms. E Slide 11 / 48 Slide 12 / 48 11 Which of the following correctly lists the five 12 In which of the following atoms is the 3s orbital atoms in order of increasing size (smallest to closest to the nucleus? largest)? A Br A F < K < Ge < Br < Rb B Cl F < Ge < Br < K < Rb B At C F < K < Br < Ge < Rb C I D F < Br < Ge < K < Rb D They are the same distance in all of these atoms. E F < Br < Ge < Rb < K E
Slide 13 / 48 Slide 14 / 48 13 Which of the following correctly lists the five 14 Which ion below has the largest radius? atoms in order of increasing size (smallest to largest)? A Cl - K + B A O < F < S < Mg < Ba Br - C F < O < S < Mg < Ba B F - D F < O < S < Ba < Mg C Na + E O < F < S < Ba < Mg D F < S < O < Mg < Ba E Slide 15 / 48 Slide 16 / 48 15 The ion with the smallest diameter is __________. 16 The most common sulfur ion has a charge of __________. A Br - A 2- B Cl - B 1- I - C 4+ C F - D D 6+ O 2- E Sulfur does not form ions. E Slide 17 / 48 Slide 18 / 48 17 Chlorine is much more apt to exist as an negative 18 Sodium is much more apt to exist as a positive ion than is sodium. This is because __________. ion than is chlorine. This is because __________. A chlorine is bigger than sodium A chlorine is a gas and sodium is a solid B chlorine has a greater ionization energy than sodium does B chlorine has a greater electron affinity than sodium does chlorine has a greater electronegativity than sodium does chlorine is bigger than sodium C C chlorine is a gas and sodium is a solid chlorine has a greater ionization energy than sodium does D D chlorine is more metallic than sodium chlorine is more metallic than sodium E E
Slide 19 / 48 Slide 20 / 48 19 Of the following species, __________ has the 20 Which of the following is an isoelectronic series? largest radius. [*] A Rb + A B 5- , Sr 4- , As 3- , Te 2- B Sr 2+ B F - , Cl - , Br - , I - Br - S, Cl, Ar, K C C Kr Si 2- , P 2- , S 2- , Cl 2- D D Ar O 2- , F - , Ne, Na + E E Slide 21 / 48 Slide 22 / 48 21 Which isoelectronic series is correctly arranged 22 __________ is isoelectronic with argon and in order of increasing radius? __________ is isoelectronic with neon. A K + < Ca 2+ < Ar < Cl - A Cl - , F - Cl - < Ar < K + < Ca 2+ Cl - , Cl + B B Ca 2+ < Ar < K + < Cl F + , F - C - C D Ca 2+ < K + < Ar < Cl - D Ne - , Kr + Ca 2+ < K + < Cl - < Ar Ne - , Ar + E E Slide 23 / 48 Slide 24 / 48 23 The ability of an atom in a molecule to attract 24 Electronegativity __________ from left to right electrons is best quantified by the __________. within a period and __________ from top to bottom within a group. A paramagnetism A decreases, increases diamagnetism B increases, increases B electronegativity C increases, decreases C first ionization potential D stays the same, increases D electron change-to-mass ratio E increases, stays the same E
Slide 25 / 48 Slide 26 / 48 25 Of the atoms below, __________ is the most 26 Of the atoms below, __________ is the most electronegative. electronegative. A Br A Si B O B Cl Cl Rb C C N Ca D D F S E E Slide 27 / 48 Slide 28 / 48 27 Of the atoms below, __________ is the least 28 Which of the elements below has the largest electronegative. electronegativity? A Rb A Si B F B Mg Si P C C D Cl D S Ca Na E E Slide 29 / 48 Slide 30 / 48 29 In general, as you go across a period in the periodic table 30 The first ionization energies of the elements __________ from left to right: as you go from left to right across a period of the periodic table, and __________ as you go from the (1) the atomic radius __________; bottom to the top of a group in the table. (2) the electronegativity __________; and (3) the first ionization energy __________. A increase, increase B increase, decrease A decreases, decreases, increases C decrease, increase B increases, increases, decreases D decrease, decrease C increases, increases, increases E are completely unpredictable D decreases, increases, increases E decreases, increases, decreases
Slide 31 / 48 Slide 32 / 48 31 Of the choices below, which gives the order for 32 Of the following atoms, which has the largest first first ionization energies? ionization energy? A Cl > S > Al > Ar > Si A Br B Ar > Cl > S > Si > Al B O Al > Si > S > Cl > Ar C C C Cl > S > Al > Si > Ar P D D S > Si > Cl > Al > Ar I E E Slide 33 / 48 Slide 34 / 48 33 Of the following elements, which has the largest 34 Of the following elements, which has the largest first ionization energy? first ionization energy? A Na A K B Al Rb B Se Sr C C D Cl D Ca Br Ba E E Slide 35 / 48 Slide 36 / 48 35 Of the following elements, which has the largest 36 Of the following elements, which has the largest first ionization energy? first ionization energy? A Se A B B As N B S P C C Sb Si D D Ge C E E
Slide 37 / 48 Slide 38 / 48 37 Of the elements below, __________ has the 38 __________ have the lowest first ionization largest first ionization energy. energies of the groups listed. A Li A Alkali metals B K B Transition metals Na Halogens C C H Alkaline Earth metals D D Rb Noble gases E E Slide 39 / 48 Slide 40 / 48 39 Which equation correctly represents the first 40 Which of the following correctly represents the ionization of aluminum? [*] second ionization of aluminum? [*] A Al - (g) Al (g) + e- A Al + (g) + e- Al(g) Al (g) Al - (g) + e- Al (g) Al + (g) + e- B B Al (g) + e- Al - (g) Al + (g) Al 2+ (g) + e- C C D Al (g) Al + (g) + e- D Al + (g) + e- Al 2+ (g) Al + (g) + e- Al (g) Al + (g) Al 2+ (g) + e- E E Slide 41 / 48 Slide 42 / 48 41 Which equation correctly represents the first 42 Which of the following correctly represents the ionization of phosphorus? second ionization of phosphorus? A P(g) + e- P A P + (g) + e- P 2+ (g) - (g) P(g) P - (g) + e- P(g) P + (g) + e- B B P(g) P + (g) + e- P - (g) + e- P 2- (g) C C P - (g) P (g) + e- P + (g) P 2+ (g) + e- D D P + (g) + e- P(g) P + (g) + e- P (g) E E
Slide 43 / 48 Slide 44 / 48 43 Which equation correctly represents the first 44 Which of the following correctly represents the ionization of Barium? [*] second ionization of calcium? [*] A Ba (g) Ba + (g) + e- A Ca (g) Ca + (g) + e- B Ba (g) Ba - (g) + e- B Ca + (g) Ca 2+ (g) + e- Ba (g) + e- Ba - (g) Ca - (g) + e- Ca 2- (g) C C Ba - (g) Ba (g) + e- Ca + (g) + e- Ca 2+ (g) D D Ba + (g) + e- Ba (g) Ca + (g) + e- Ca (g) E E Slide 45 / 48 Slide 46 / 48 45 Of the elements below, __________ is the most 46 The list that correctly indicates the order of metallic. metallic character is __________. A Na A B > N > C B Mg F > Cl > S B Al Si > P > S C C D K D P > S > Se Ar Na > K > Rb E E Slide 47 / 48 Slide 48 / 48 47 Between which two elements is the difference in metallic character the greatest? A Rb and O O and I B Rb and I C Li and O D Li and Rb E
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