Slide 1 / 48 1 Elements Z and X are compared. Element Z is larger - PDF document

Slide 1 / 48 1 Elements Z and X are compared. Element Z is larger than Element X. Based on this you could say: A Element Z is further to the left side of the periodic table B Element X is closer to the top of the periodic table Element Z and X are probably in the same group C A and/or B D B and/or C E Slide 2 / 48 2 Atomic radius generally increases as we move __________. A down a group and from right to left across a period B up a group and from left to right across a period C down a group and from left to right across a period up a group and from right to left across a period D down a group; the period position has no effect E Slide 3 / 48 3 The atomic radius of main-group elements generally increases down a group because ________. A effective nuclear charge increases down a group B effective nuclear charge decreases down a group C effective nuclear charge zigzags down a group the principal quantum number of the valence orbitals D increases both effective nuclear charge increases down a group and the principal quantum number of the valence orbitals E increases

Slide 4 / 48 4 Which one of the following atoms has the largest radius? A O B F S C D Cl Ne E Slide 5 / 48 5 Which one of the following atoms has the largest radius? A Sr B Ca K C Rb D Na E Slide 6 / 48 6 Which one of the following has the smallest radius? A Na Cl B P C Br D E K

Slide 7 / 48 7 Which one of the following atoms has the largest radius? A I B Co Ba C D Sr Ca E Slide 8 / 48 8 Which one of the following elements has the largest atomic radius? A Se B As S C Sb D Te E Slide 9 / 48 9 Which one of the following elements has the largest atomic radius? A O B F Al C P D E B

Slide 10 / 48 10 In which of the following atoms is the 2s orbital closest to the nucleus? A S B Cl P C D Si E They are the same distance in all of these atoms. Slide 11 / 48 11 Which of the following correctly lists the five atoms in order of increasing size (smallest to largest)? A F < K < Ge < Br < Rb F < Ge < Br < K < Rb B F < K < Br < Ge < Rb C F < Br < Ge < K < Rb D F < Br < Ge < Rb < K E Slide 12 / 48 12 In which of the following atoms is the 3s orbital closest to the nucleus? A Br B Cl At C I D E They are the same distance in all of these atoms.

Slide 13 / 48 13 Which of the following correctly lists the five atoms in order of increasing size (smallest to largest)? A O < F < S < Mg < Ba F < O < S < Mg < Ba B F < O < S < Ba < Mg C O < F < S < Ba < Mg D F < S < O < Mg < Ba E Slide 14 / 48 14 Which ion below has the largest radius? A Cl - K + B Br - C F - D Na + E Slide 15 / 48 15 The ion with the smallest diameter is __________. A Br - B Cl - I - C F - D O 2- E

Slide 16 / 48 16 The most common sulfur ion has a charge of __________. A 2- B 1- 4+ C D 6+ Sulfur does not form ions. E Slide 17 / 48 17 Chlorine is much more apt to exist as an negative ion than is sodium. This is because __________. A chlorine is bigger than sodium B chlorine has a greater ionization energy than sodium does C chlorine has a greater electronegativity than sodium does chlorine is a gas and sodium is a solid D chlorine is more metallic than sodium E Slide 18 / 48 18 Sodium is much more apt to exist as a positive ion than is chlorine. This is because __________. A chlorine is a gas and sodium is a solid B chlorine has a greater electron affinity than sodium does chlorine is bigger than sodium C chlorine has a greater ionization energy than sodium does D chlorine is more metallic than sodium E

Slide 19 / 48 19 Of the following species, __________ has the largest radius. A Rb + Sr 2+ B Br - C D Kr Ar E Slide 20 / 48 20 Which of the following is an isoelectronic series? [*] A B 5- , Sr 4- , As 3- , Te 2- B F - , Cl - , Br - , I - S, Cl, Ar, K C Si 2- , P 2- , S 2- , Cl 2- D O 2- , F - , Ne, Na + E Slide 21 / 48 21 Which isoelectronic series is correctly arranged in order of increasing radius? A K + < Ca 2+ < Ar < Cl - Cl - < Ar < K + < Ca 2+ B Ca 2+ < Ar < K + < Cl C - Ca 2+ < K + < Ar < Cl - D E Ca 2+ < K + < Cl - < Ar

Slide 22 / 48 22 __________ is isoelectronic with argon and __________ is isoelectronic with neon. A Cl - , F - Cl - , Cl + B F + , F - C D Ne - , Kr + Ne - , Ar + E Slide 23 / 48 23 The ability of an atom in a molecule to attract electrons is best quantified by the __________. A paramagnetism B diamagnetism electronegativity C first ionization potential D electron change-to-mass ratio E Slide 24 / 48 24 Electronegativity __________ from left to right within a period and __________ from top to bottom within a group. A decreases, increases increases, increases B increases, decreases C stays the same, increases D increases, stays the same E

Slide 25 / 48 25 Of the atoms below, __________ is the most electronegative. A Br O B Cl C D N F E Slide 26 / 48 26 Of the atoms below, __________ is the most electronegative. A Si B Cl Rb C Ca D S E Slide 27 / 48 27 Of the atoms below, __________ is the least electronegative. A Rb B F Si C Cl D E Ca

Slide 28 / 48 28 Which of the elements below has the largest electronegativity? A Si B Mg P C D S Na E Slide 29 / 48 29 In general, as you go across a period in the periodic table from left to right: (1) the atomic radius __________; (2) the electronegativity __________; and (3) the first ionization energy __________. A decreases, decreases, increases B increases, increases, decreases C increases, increases, increases D decreases, increases, increases E decreases, increases, decreases Slide 30 / 48 30 The first ionization energies of the elements __________ as you go from left to right across a period of the periodic table, and __________ as you go from the bottom to the top of a group in the table. A increase, increase B increase, decrease C decrease, increase D decrease, decrease E are completely unpredictable

Slide 31 / 48 31 Of the choices below, which gives the order for first ionization energies? A Cl > S > Al > Ar > Si Ar > Cl > S > Si > Al B Al > Si > S > Cl > Ar C D Cl > S > Al > Si > Ar S > Si > Cl > Al > Ar E Slide 32 / 48 32 Of the following atoms, which has the largest first ionization energy? A Br B O C C P D I E Slide 33 / 48 33 Of the following elements, which has the largest first ionization energy? A Na B Al Se C Cl D E Br

Slide 34 / 48 34 Of the following elements, which has the largest first ionization energy? A K Rb B Sr C D Ca Ba E Slide 35 / 48 35 Of the following elements, which has the largest first ionization energy? A Se B As S C Sb D Ge E Slide 36 / 48 36 Of the following elements, which has the largest first ionization energy? A B N B P C Si D E C

Slide 37 / 48 37 Of the elements below, __________ has the largest first ionization energy. A Li B K Na C D H Rb E Slide 38 / 48 38 __________ have the lowest first ionization energies of the groups listed. A Alkali metals B Transition metals Halogens C Alkaline Earth metals D Noble gases E Slide 39 / 48 39 Which equation correctly represents the first ionization of aluminum? [*] A Al - (g) Al (g) + e- Al (g) Al - (g) + e- B Al (g) + e- Al - (g) C Al (g) Al + (g) + e- D E Al + (g) + e- Al (g)

Slide 40 / 48 40 Which of the following correctly represents the second ionization of aluminum? [*] A Al + (g) + e- Al(g) Al (g) Al + (g) + e- B Al + (g) Al 2+ (g) + e- C D Al + (g) + e- Al 2+ (g) Al + (g) Al 2+ (g) + e- E Slide 41 / 48 41 Which equation correctly represents the first ionization of phosphorus? A P(g) + e- P - (g) B P(g) P - (g) + e- P(g) P + (g) + e- C P - (g) P (g) + e- D P + (g) + e- P(g) E Slide 42 / 48 42 Which of the following correctly represents the second ionization of phosphorus? A P + (g) + e- P 2+ (g) P(g) P + (g) + e- B P - (g) + e- P 2- (g) C P + (g) P 2+ (g) + e- D E P + (g) + e- P (g)

Slide 43 / 48 43 Which equation correctly represents the first ionization of Barium? [*] A Ba (g) Ba + (g) + e- Ba (g) Ba - (g) + e- B Ba (g) + e- Ba - (g) C D Ba - (g) Ba (g) + e- Ba + (g) + e- Ba (g) E Slide 44 / 48 44 Which of the following correctly represents the second ionization of calcium? [*] A Ca (g) Ca + (g) + e- B Ca + (g) Ca 2+ (g) + e- Ca - (g) + e- Ca 2- (g) C Ca + (g) + e- Ca 2+ (g) D Ca + (g) + e- Ca (g) E Slide 45 / 48 45 Of the elements below, __________ is the most metallic. A Na B Mg Al C K D E Ar

Slide 46 / 48 46 The list that correctly indicates the order of metallic character is __________. A B > N > C F > Cl > S B Si > P > S C D P > S > Se Na > K > Rb E Slide 47 / 48 47 Between which two elements is the difference in metallic character the greatest? A Rb and O B O and I Rb and I C Li and O D Li and Rb E Slide 48 / 48