Year One Science | Year 6 | Evolution and Inheritance | Theory of Evolution | Lesson 2 Evolution and Inheritance Science Success Criteria Aim time. 18/06/2020 1 2 • I can identify the key ideas of the theory of evolution. • I can demonstrate understanding of how ideas about evolution developed over • I can explain the terms adaptation, evolution and natural selection. 3 1
state of constant transformation rather than fixed. hide the fifth and sixth day, rather insects, worms and spiders had over time. I also thought that certain creatures were not formed on God created life but that living things had been transformed slowly thought that Genesis should not be taken literally. I believed that which is part of both the Jewish Torah and the Christian Bible. I Meaning of Genesis’. Genesis is a chapter about how life began, called ‘De Genesi ad litteram’ which means ‘On the Literal the idea of God and the nature of religious ideas). I wrote a book I was a Catholic bishop and a theologian (someone who studies (1332 – 1406) (1332 – 1406) hide Tusi (776 – 868) Al-Jahiz (354 – 430) Hippo Augustine of The Ancients (AD) to the Middle Ages Theory of Evolution Click a head to find out more about them! hide Click a head to find out more about them! originated later from rotting remains of animals. I noticed patterns of how animals preyed on those living things. In general, Taoists thought that all those that did not. In terms of living things, I thought that some all animals and plants were connected to others in human ability to think and reflect. I believed that perception of monkeys was transformed into the species. I thought that the cleverness and monkeys by a process that led to numerous I argued that humans developed from the world of hide that lived in Western Sudan (in Africa). from those advanced animals. I argued that humans came from apes animals were more advanced than others and that humans developed organisms that could gain new features could gain an advantage over who were weaker than them but were in turn eaten living things – plants, animals and humans. I believed that those over time to develop in minerals that developed into three types of developed faster and became different to each other. These changed similar elements. Internal changes occurred and these elements before Darwin! I believed that the universe consisted of equal and I put forward a basic theory of evolution of species almost 600 years hide were better able to survive. and avoid being eaten. Those that were successful animals struggled for existence, resources, to breed by animals who were stronger. I argued that all living things, the Earth and the heavens were in a environment affected the attributes of different one thing to another. evolution ? Zhang Zhou (c.341 – 270 BC) Epicurus (c.490 – 430 BC) Empedocles (c.610 – 546 BC) of Miletus Anaximander The Ancients (BC) Theory of Evolution theory of I believed that the first animals lived in water came up with the scientists that Who are the key how? changed? If so, Have your ideas evolution ? What is adaptation ? What is Key Vocabulary (c.369 – 286 BC) during a wet phase of the Earth’s past. I thought not fixed. We also speculated about how the I was a Greek philosopher and I was the author of and animals did change and that the species were I was a Taoist philosopher. We believed that plants hide one event that led to lots of different species. from non-living things) for each species rather than just was the result of abiogenetic events (where life arises survived and had offspring. However, I thought this past. I posited that only those that functioned the best spontaneously generated lots of different species in the and retirement . I thought the goddess Gaia had an ethical philosophy of simple pleasure, friendship, hide that the first land dwelling ancestors of humans accidental. were created that way, I thought this was Even though the ones that survived seem like they which survived by joining in different combinations. disjointed parts of the ones we see now, some of I thought that the first animals and plants were like hide different type of animal. that the first human would have been the child of a some of their life on land. Furthermore, I argued would have been born in the water and then spent this way. Living things were able to transform from 18/06/2020 4 5 Ibn Khald ū n 6 2
Robert Edmond previous ideas about the evolution of life. hide ideas, there were many who disagreed with them. including humans. While a lot of people debated my living things branched off to become different species, Earth. I had investigated fossils and believed that all System and Earth evolved, as well as living things on History of Creation’, in which I proposed that the Solar knew it was my book) called ‘Vestiges of the Natural I wrote a book anonymously (which means that no-one hide he started to read books about transmutation and learnt transmutation or evolution. However, my books were professors at the University of Edinburgh. It is here that which they then diverged. I was one of Charles Darwin’s and plants had a common evolutionary start point from transmutation and evolutionism. I proposed that animals I was very influenced by Lamarck’s work on (1774 – 1829) Chambers Robert (1731 – 1802) Grant I wrote about population (the number of people), not widely read and influenced scholars of other fields. This (1766 – 1834) From a young age I was fascinated by living greatest theory: the theory of evolution. It was animals and started to come up with my different Galapagos Islands that I studied Islands, which took 5 years! It was in the most fascinating journey to the Galapagos I was 22 years old I was able to go on the So I studied plants and animals instead. When doctor but could not deal with all the blood! things and studied them. I trained to be a (1809 – 1882) included the idea that if populations grew then they Darwin Charles Darwin and the HMS Beagle Theory of Evolution Click a head to find out more about them! hide things by Darwin and Wallace. talking about humans, this idea was applied to all living would lead to a decrease in the population. While I was In this case, some would die of disease or hunger, which would struggle to survive as food would become scarcer. hide Malthus that really got me thinking. (1774 – 1829) hide views suggested that living things were not created by a god. radical and controversial. I was banned by the Vatican as my result the species would be improved. My book was very strongest and most active animals would reproduce and as a things have a common ancestor. I also believed that the the cause of all organic life’. That is to say that all living that ‘one and the same kind of living filament is and has been physician. I wrote a book called ‘Zoonomia’ in which I said I am Charles Darwin’s grandfather. I was a hysiologist and Lamarck (transmutation was the word we used before it (1731 – 1802) Darwin Erasmus (1707 – 1788) Leclerc Georges-Louis (1698 – 1759) Maupertuis Pierre Louis Anticipating the Theory of Evolution Theory of Evolution I thought that transmutation of species did occur started to be called evolution). I thought that living Thomas Robert original animal due to environmental factors. For example, Anticipating the Theory of Evolution Theory of Evolution Click a head to find out more about them! hide did have a common ancestor. including humans and apes but did not believe that they studied and compared the skeletons of different animals, had descended from as few as 38 original animal types. I a common ancestor. I also thought that all the mammals I believed that lions, tigers, leopards and house cats all had varieties of an animals which had been modified from the things inherited traits that enabled them to adapt I believed that many of the species were actually just hide well as lead to new species. result in new varieties of the living thing as when living things reproduce and this can I thought that natural modifications occur I was a French mathematician and philosopher. hide think that all living things shared a common ancestor. evidence to really support my idea. Also, I did not better to their environment. I did not have the the different types of finches (and nightingales) 18/06/2020 7 8 9 3
I thought that all the Galapagos finches had originated from one type of finch. Theory of Evolution The Galapagos Finches Theory of Evolution varied. The parents reproduced and created offspring. These offspring would have beaks were able to eat these seeds while those with smaller beaks could not. The Galapagos Finches related. only those with larger seeds were left. Those finches who had slightly larger However, I realised that these birds were varieties of the same species and were similarities. that these were different species of birds that happened to have some I observed that there were lots of different types of finches. People believed The Galapagos Finches Theory of Evolution In one part of the Galapagos Islands, bad weather affected the plants and so 18/06/2020 10 11 12 4
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