risk mitigation: ensuring food security in the conflict affected - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 Transboundary animal disease control and risk mitigation: ensuring food security in the conflict affected area of Eastern Ukraine Meeting/Workshop title • place and date

African Swine Fever 2 The virus Stable over a wide range of temperatures and pH, so it persists in excretions, carcasses and pig meat Hosts Domestic pigs of all ages Feral pigs and wild boar equally susceptible Humans are NOT susceptible Meeting/Workshop title • place and date

3 The culprit Prevention: Awareness & Training Realistic biosecurity Prevent swill feeding Control at borders, seaports, airports, etc Control: No vaccine or treatment Stamping out (ONLY if compensation and infrastructure is in place) Movement control Awareness Socio-economic impact due to large mortality and morbidity in particular for rural poor families Meeting/Workshop title • place and date

Spread of ASF in Eastern Europe • June 2007 - Georgia • August 2007 - Armenia • December 2007 - Russia in wild boar and later in domestic pigs endemic in many regions • January 2008 - Azerbaijan (single intro in pigs) • Dec 08-Jan 2009 - Iran (detected in wild boar) • July 2012 - Ukraine (single intro in pigs) followed by re-introduction and massive spread in 2014 till now • 2013 Belarus • 2014 Lithuania, Latvia, Poland, Estonia • 2016 Moldova Currently ASF endemic in many regions of Russian Federation, Belarus, Ukraine, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. Virus is also detected in Podlaskie region of Poland. There is high risk of further spread to Romania, Hungary and Slovakia and further on Meeting/Workshop title • place and date

African Swine Fever in Ukraine, 2017 Meeting/Workshop title • place and date

Assistance via FAO TCP completed • FAO EMPRES mission Luhansk, Ukraine: July 2010 • FAO Technical Cooperation Programme (TCP) Technical guidance on immediate response -outbreak control measures  Revise/update surveillance protocols  Capacity development of state veterinary service 4 national workshops covering : contingency planning, early warning and early response, active and passive surveillance in domestic pigs and wild boars, outbreak management: stamping out, disinfection, zoning; biosecurity protocols for pig production  Provision of lab reagents  Laboratory diagnostics capacity development  Decision support systems (GIS) - Ukraine  Public awareness Meeting/Workshop title • place and date

Assistance via TCP completed • FAO Technical Cooperation Programme (TCP) Technical guidance on immediate response - outbreak control measures  ASF web resource www.asf.vet.ua  Decision support systems (GIS) – Ukraine https://sites.google.com/site/uastopasf/home STOP ASF” - Ukrainian on-line decision support GIS Google translate from Ukrainian ! Meeting/Workshop title • place and date

Assistance via partnership projects • US DTRA African Swine Fever Public Outreach Regional Project to improve understanding of the ecology and epidemiology of ASF in Armenia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, and Ukraine  training in prevention and control measures  public awareness • EBRD/FAO African Swine Fever: Risk Awareness Raising and Risk Mitigation in Ukraine with support of Government of Japan in cooperation with Association of Pork Breeders  improving contingency plans at national and 6 regions level ( Kyiv, Poltava, Zhytomyr, Volyn, Kharkiv and Dnipropetrovsk) through simulation exercises  improving the knowledge and awareness of local vets; and  raising the awareness of smallholders, small and medium-sized pig farmers on ASF  capacity development in laboratory diagnostics Meeting/Workshop title • place and date

Other assistance via capacity building workshops • FAO national ASF epidemiology workshops: Ukraine: (May 2009): > 50 participants Belarus: (May 2009): > 20 participants • FAO subregional lab training (Kyiv, 16-19 March 2010) 16 diagnosticians from Belarus, Moldova and Ukraine ELISA Ab & Ag detection, RT-PCR and immunoflourescence microscopy • FAO regional workshop under GF-TADs Europe, Budapest, Hungary December 2012. • FAO-OIE training course on ASF epidemiology and diagnosis , under GF-TADs Europe, supported by Government of Italy, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e Marche (IZS -UM) National Reference Laboratory for CSF and ASF, 11-15 November 2013 Perugia, Italy, • Participation in EU TAIEX Workshops :  Classical and African Swine Fever, 2-3 September 2013, Vilnius, Lithuania  Biosecurity- fundament for animal health 23-24 March 2015, Riga, Latvia Meeting/Workshop title • place and date

Early warnings and assessments Early warnings: 2007 - ASF in Georgia - http://www.fao.org/docs/eims/upload/230205/EW_ASF_ Georgia_Jun07.pdf 2008 - ASF in the Caucasus - ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/011/aj214e/aj214e00.pdf 2009 - ASF spread in the Russian Federation and the risk for the region ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/012/ak718e/ak718e00.pdf Assessments: 2010 - FAO takes a close look at the threat of ASF introduction into Eastern Europe http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/i1958e/i1958e00.pdf Periodic situation updates 2012. ASF recent developments - timely updates http://www.fao.org/docrep/016/ap372e/ap372e.pdf Meeting/Workshop title • place and date

FAO publications on ASF Пособие по подготовке чрезвычайных ситуаций на случай эпидемий африканской чумы свиней http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/i1196r/i1196r00.htm Good practices for biosecurity in the pig sector http://www.fao.org/docrep/012/i1435e/i1435e00.pdf Recognizing African Swine Fever. A Field Manual http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres/d ocuments/ASF_Manual2_Recognising.pdf Африканская Чума Свиней в Российской Федерации (2007-2012) http://www.fao.org/3/a-i3748r.pdf Meeting/Workshop title • place and date

Local authorities requested assistance Printing materials Quantity of required copies for Donetsk and Lugansk oblasts Covered by FAO Percentage ASF Manual 170 170 100% Vertical posters 1500 500 33% Horizontal posters 1500 500 33% Leaflets for population 100000 1000*** 1% * together with OCHA Meeting/Workshop title • place and date

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Major reasons for the ASF control failure • Inadequate control program • Movement of animal and products WITHOUT CONTROL. • Swill feeding. • Delayed and absence of fair compensation. • Late detection. • Contacts of wild boar with domestic pigs. • Lack of collaboration among all parties involved. Meeting/Workshop title • place and date

Lessons learnt • Reduction number of staff, annual budget, decentralization of state veterinary service in many ex USSR countries weakened capacities of veterinary services to address emerging transboundary diseases like ASF. • Lack of trust and cooperation, hiding cases of disease resulted in spread of the disease. • Due to absence of vaccine – the only preventive measure is high biosecurity which difficult to ensure in traditional backyard pig breeding farms with very low biosecurity conditions in majority of Eastern European Countries. • ASF control is based on timely efficient massive culling of infected or at risk of infection pigs and quarantine which requires fair and timely compensation to pig owners and it is problematic in many ex USSR countries. • Public-private partnership and cooperation involving state veterinary services, private veterinary practitioners, private commercial farmers, farmers/rural population, hunters/foresters/wild life experts researches/academia is crucial the disease prevention and control . Meeting/Workshop title • place and date

Urgent needs • Capacity development of local veterinary services of State Service for Consumer Protection and Food Safety for outbreak management via training of staff and provision of equipment for culling and disposal of carcasses ensuring environmental and biosecurity requirements, provision of disinfectants and disinfection equipment • Programme for replacement of backyard pig production for other species : small ruminants, poultry, rabbits, and bee keeping • Assistance in improving biosecurity in backyard farms focusing on prevention of African swine fever, Lumpy skin disease, Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza and other TADs • Awareness raising on ASF risk management pig breeders, among rural people, hunters, traders/processors Meeting/Workshop title • place and date

Lumpy skin disease : a new challenge Meeting/Workshop title • place and date

Lumpy skin disease : a new challenge Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is caused by a Capripox virus (LSD virus; LSDV) The disease is characterized by the appearance of nodules on the skin of cattle. Other findings may include fever, oedema, lymph node enlargement, and pox lesions on mucous membranes and internal organs. Production losses are associated with loss of milk and body condition, damage to hides, abortion and infertility. A study estimated that milk production losses in infected Turkish herds ranged from 10% to 85% (mean = 45%), with a 30 day average duration of milk production loss. Transmission of LSDV is mainly associated with mechanical transfer of virus by an incompletely characterised range of biting arthropods, such as mosquitoes ( Aedes aegypti ), stable flies ( Stomoxys calcitrans ) and possibly ticks, feeding on live infected hosts Meeting/Workshop title • place and date