NEW YORK STATE STANDARD 7.3 AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE: Growing tensions over political power and economic issues sparked a movement for independence from Great Britain. New York played a critical role in the course and outcome of the The American American Revolution. 7.3c Influenced by Enlightenment ideas and their rights as Englishmen, American colonial leaders outlined their Revolution grievances against British policies and actions in the Declaration of Independence . ➢ Students will examine the influence Enlightenment ideas such as natural rights and social contract and ideas expressed in Thomas Paine’s Common Sense had on colonial leaders in their debates on independence. (1775-1783) ➢ Students will examine the Declaration of Independence and the arguments for independence stated within it. 7.3d The outcome of the American Revolution was influenced by military strategies, geographic considerations, the involvement of the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) and other Native American groups in the war, and aid from other nations. The Treaty of Paris (1783) established the terms of peace. ➢ Students will explore the different military strategies used by the Americans and their allies, including various Native American groups, during the American Revolution. ➢ Students will examine the strategic importance of the New York colony. Students will examine the American victory at the Battle of Saratoga in terms of its effects on American and British morale and on European views on American prospects for victory in the Revolution. ➢ Students will examine the terms of the Treaty of Paris , determine what boundary was set for the United States , and illustrate this on a map. ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS 1 . How did Thomas Paine’s pamphlet Common Sense convince reluctant Americans to abandon the goal of reconciliation with Britain and accept that separation from Britain and independence? 2. How did the Declaration of Independence establish a foundation for American Government? 3. Why was the Battle of Saratoga the climax of the American revolution? 4. What were the terms of the Treaty of Paris? ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS: To understand the present and make plans for the future, you must understand the past. Conflicts within societies evokes changes. I CAN STATEMENTS: I can explain the importance of the pamphlet, Common Sense. Slides I can explain how the Declaration of Independence established a foundation for American government. I can explain how the Continental Army won the American Revolution. by Mr. Zindman I can explain the significance of the Battle of Saratoga and the Treaty of Paris. LANGUAGE OBJECTIVE: 1 1.To determine the central idea from an informational text 2.To determine the topic and supporting details from a text.
1. How did Thomas Paine’s pamphlet Common Sense convince reluctant Americans to abandon the goal of reconciliation with Britain and accept that separation from Britain and independence? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 2. How did the Declaration of Independence establish a foundation for American Government? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 3. Why was the Battle of Saratoga the climax of the American Revolution? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 4. What were the terms of the Treaty of Paris ? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 2
Patrick Henry’s words echoed through the St. John’s church in Richmond, Virginia in Henry said: “ Gentlemen may cry, ‘Peace! Peace!’ But there is no peace. The war has actually begun! Why do we stand here so still? Life so dear, or peace so sweet as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty or give me death!” Give me Liberty, or give me death! I can explain the importance of the pamphlet, Common Sense. I can explain how the Declaration of 3 Independence established a foundation for American government. I can explain the significance of the Battle of Saratoga and the Treaty of Paris. I can explain how the Colonial army won the American Revolution.
We want Freedom! By March 1775, the thirteen colonies stood on the brink of war. Delegates across Virginia met at the church to debate what action to take. Some wanted to give Great Britain another chance. Others, like Henry, were ready to fight to protect their rights. Colonists across the land had to vote for a new nation. If they voted for a new nation this would mean a long hard war against the British. I can explain the importance of the pamphlet, Common Sense. I can explain how the Declaration of Independence established a foundation for American government. I can explain 4 the significance of the Battle of Saratoga and the Treaty of Paris. I can explain how the Colonial army won the American Revolution.
1. Early Battles As darkness fell, the redcoats (or British soldiers) sneaked into Boston from Lexington and Concord in April 1775. Along their route, the rebels (or colonists) fired their muskets at them. That night, the redcoats watched the rebels set up campfires around Boston. As the weeks and months passed there was a clear sign of the quarrel between Britain and the colonies would blaze into war! The Patriots will never give up this bridge! until all the “lobster backs” go home! I can explain the importance of the pamphlet, Common Sense. I can explain how the Declaration of Independence established a foundation for American government. I can explain the significance of the Battle 5 of Saratoga and the Treaty of Paris. I can explain how the Colonial army won the American Revolution.
The Green Mountain Boys I am Ethan In 1775, the colonies did not have an Allen army or even a united government. In each colony, rebels took daring actions. Ethan Allen, A Vermont blacksmith known for his temper, led a band of “Vermonters” in an attack. His rebels were called the Green Mountain Boys . In a surprise attack, Ethan Allen overpowered the redcoats at Fort Ticonderoga . Allen knew the fort had many cannons that the rebels badly needed. The rebels also gained a valuable supply of gunpowder. The I can explain the importance of the pamphlet, Common Sense. I can explain commander surrendered to the rebels. how the Declaration of Independence established a foundation for American This victory gave the Americans control government. I can explain the significance of the Battle of Saratoga and the Treaty of of a key route into the Americas. Paris. I can explain how the Colonial army 6 won the American Revolution.
Last Efforts for Peace While the Green Mountain Boys celebrated the their victory, delegates from the colonies met at the Second Continental Congress . Although fighting had begun, many Delegates did not want to break off from Great Britain. A few, including Sam Adams and John Adams secretly wanted the colonies to declare their independence. We must declare our independence! I can explain the importance of the pamphlet, Common Sense. I can explain how the Declaration of Independence established a foundation for American government. I can explain the significance of the Battle of Saratoga and the Treaty of Paris. I can Sam explain how the Colonial army won the American John Adams Revolution. Adams 7
The delegates got together and sent King George III a petition called the Olive Branch Petition. This petition declared their loyalty to the king and asked him to repeal the Intolerable Acts. At the same time the Congress took a bold step. They set up the Continental Army. John Adams proposed George Washington as the commander. The delegates voted Washington as the commander of the Continental Army. I will not repeal the Intolerable Acts! I can explain the importance of the pamphlet, Common Sense. I can explain how the Declaration of Independence established a foundation for American government. I can explain the significance of the Battle of Saratoga 8 and the Treaty of Paris. I can explain how the Colonial army won the American Revolution.
Strengths and Weaknesses Washington had a difficult task ahead of him. He had to train the Continental Army. Washington was a brilliant leader. He won all the respect from his We are the troops. They had few cannons, little experienced army! gunpowder, and no navy. The British, on the other hand, had highly trained, experienced troops. Britain’s navy was the most powerful in the world. Britain’s only problem was traveling and communication to their homeland 3,000 miles away. I can explain the importance of the pamphlet, Common Sense. I can explain how the Declaration of Independence established a foundation for American government. I can explain the significance of 9 the Battle of Saratoga and the Treaty of Paris. I can explain how the Colonial army won the American Revolution.
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