Resource Equity NASBE Annual Conference 10/18/2018
Today’s Objectives Build an understanding of: • What we mean by resource equity • How your state compares to others in terms of performance, spending, and equity and which key questions to explore further • Levers to improve resource equity and the role states can play
Our mission Education Resource Strategies is a national nonprofit that partners with district , school , and state leaders to transform how they use resources (people, time, and money) so that every school prepares every child for tomorrow, no matter their race or income .
What do we mean by resource equity?
With empowering, rigorous learning standards for all children… Equit itable le Fundin ing Equal Fundin ing Schools get resources that are Schools get comparable comparable based on student resources based on size and/or needs and what it will take to other fixed allocation drivers. reach high learning goals. 5
What is Resource Equity? Resource Equity is the allocation and use of resources (people, time, and money) to create student experiences that enable all children to reach empowering, rigorous learning outcomes — no matter their race or income. 6
How Much and How Well Inequities persist, even when funding increases. How well those funds are used is critical to equitably improving student outcomes How Much How Well Student Outcomes Skepticism and lack of clarity for what the money will buy has hindered the case for more funds. Greater clarity for how resources would be used and proof points for using them well would bolster the case for greater investment in education 7
Defining “equity” – a tale of two schools Sk Sky Blu lue Academy Gr Green Str Street H.S .S. $12,960 $13,080 9-12 12 Grades 9-12 12 550 550 Stu tudents 565 565 22 22 Tea eachers 23 23 84% 84% Pct ct Poverty (F (FRL) 82% 82% 8
Defining “equity” – a tale of two schools Sk Sky Blu lue Academy Green Str Gr Street H.S .S. $12,960 $13,080 13% 13% Spec ecia ial Ed 24% 24% 10% / 3% Resource / Self-Contained 11% / 13% th gr 9 th 7% 7% graders in in 22% 22% bot ottom quartil ile e ELA LA 100% 100% Chose to Ch o atten end sch chool 35% 35% 9
Defining “equity” – a tale of two schools Gr Green Str Street H.S .S. Sky Blu Sk lue Academy $1 $13,0 3,080 $12,9 ,960 Prin rincipal 20 Year Vet “Star” Novice 8 Force e pla lace ced, 8 subs, , Ha Hand-pic icked Tea eaching Staff no o ELA LA ce cert rtifie ied % ELA % ELA Prof oficient/Advanced 68% 68% 35% 35% 22% 22% 7% 7% %ELA in Lowest Quartile 10
States and districts can measure across how much and how well across “11 Dimensions of Resource Equity” 11
States can play a powerful role in enabling and supporting both resource equity State Roles or Mechanisms: How ▪ Funding much ▪ Accountability & Reporting How ▪ Support well ▪ Flexibility & Innovation 12
There are four levels of resource equity that must be addressed States Divisions Schools Classrooms
What do you need to know to begin to assess the resource equity in your state?
Five key questions to ask about resource equity in your state 1. How does your state compare in terms of overall performance? Subgroup performance? 2. How does your state compare in terms of overall spending? Equity in funding across districts? 3. How much does spending vary within districts based on need? 4. Does your state support and enable school leaders to organize resources to accelerate learning for ALL students? 5. Does your state report useful resource equity data to inform decision making and support?
Key question #1 How does your state compare in terms of overall performance? In terms of subgroup performance?
Source: ERS analysis based on NAEP Data Explorer Overall performance varies across states Average Scale Score 190 195 200 205 210 215 220 225 230 235 240 207 Alaska New Mexico Louisiana South Carolina Nevada Texas Mississippi California Arizona Arkansas Hawaii 2017 NAEP Average Scale Score, 4th Grade Reading Alabama Oklahoma National average = 222 West Virginia Oregon Michigan Tennessee Wisconsin Georgia Illinois Maine Delaware North Dakota Iowa South Dakota New York Montana Missouri Idaho Washington Kansas Rhode Island North Carolina Kentucky Nebraska Minnesota Colorado Pennsylvania Maryland Utah Ohio Indiana Vermont Wyoming Virginia Florida Connecticut New Hampshire New Jersey 236 Massachusetts
The proportion of students living in poverty is highly correlated with performance – in Virginia: 2017 English Reading scores, Virginia 100% Pass Rate on Standards of Learning Tests 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% % of Economically Disadvantaged Students Source: Virginia Department of Education, SY 16-17
In our partner districts, school-level concentration of poverty lowers performance for ALL students Student Performance vs. School-Level Concentration of Poverty 100% Percent of Students Rated Proficient 90% 80% 70% 60% Non-Economically Disadvantaged 50% Student 40% Economically 30% Disadvantaged 20% Student 10% 0% 0-9% 10-19% 20-29% 30-39% 40-49% 50-59% 60-69% 70-79% 80-89% 90-100% School-Level Concentration of Poverty Source: ERS analysis of 8 large districts across 8 states
Key question #2 How does your state compare in terms of overall spending? Equity in funding across districts?
Even adjusted for cost of living, highest spending state spends 3X the lowest $25,000 Total K12 Per Pupil Expenditure, 2017-18 (adjusted for geography) $22.4K $20,000 $15,000 National median = $12.3K $10,000 $7.5K $5,000 $0 Utah Indiana Arizona Nevada Idaho North Dakota Texas California Oklahoma Mississippi North Carolina Florida Virginia Alabama Georgia Tennessee Maine Michigan South Dakota Ohio Colorado Arkansas New Mexico Washington Kentucky Louisiana Missouri Wisconsin Kansas Hawaii Oregon Iowa South Carolina Minnesota Maryland Illinois Montana Nebraska Rhode Island Pennsylvania West Virginia Massachusetts Delaware New Hampshire New Jersey Wyoming Connecticut New York Vermont Alaska While spending levels don’t predict outcomes, they limit or create possibility. Source: Rankings of the States 2017 and Estimates of School Statistics 2018, NEA Research April 2018; NCES Comparable Wage Index; ERS analysis
In more than half of states, high poverty districts have lower funding levels than low poverty districts Education Law Center Funding Distribution Ratio Funds for student poverty and district concentrated poverty Funds for district concentrated poverty %Difference in Funding Between Highest and Funds for student poverty 160% 140% Does not fund for poverty 120% Lowest Poverty Districts 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% New Mexico North Carolina Nevada Illinois North Dakota Maine Missouri South Dakota Arizona Alabama Virginia Montana Maryland Texas New Hampshire Rhode Island Iowa Connecticut Nebraska New York Washington Oregon Tennessee Pennsylvania Michigan Florida Idaho Kentucky Vermont Kansas Mississippi West Virginia California Oklahoma South Carolina Indiana Louisiana Colorado Wisconsin Arkansas Georgia Massachusetts Wyoming New Jersey Ohio Minnesota Delaware Utah Regressive Progressive Source: Is School Funding Fair? A National Report Card 7 th Edition (February 2018) http://www.schoolfundingfairness.org/is-school-funding-fair/reports
States can choose a starting place for reform based on the level of spending and equity in funding Higher spending $12K Higher spending VT lower equity AK $10K Greater Equity Focus on use & NY CT $8K Focus on Use Level NJ $6K NH WY DE MA WV $4K PA RI NE $2K MT Spending level MD SC MN IL OR IA MO WI $0K LA HI KS AR OH MI NM KY WA CO ME GA -$2K FL VA NC SD Lower spending TX AL ND Lower spending TN NV -$4K CA MS OK UT lower equity Greater Equity ID IN AZ -$6K Focus on Level Focus on Level -$8K -3.0 -2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 Equity index Equity index is based on an average of the standard deviations across the EdTrust Funding Gaps 2018 metric and the ELC Funding Distribution Ratio. Spending level is calculated as difference from the national average for each state for per pupil expenditure for 2017-18 after controlling for geography. Source: Rankings of the States 2017 and Estimates of School Statistics 2018, NEA Research April 2018; NCES Comparable Wage Index; Funding Gaps 2018, EducationTrust; Is School Funding Fair 2018, Education Law Center; ERS analysis
Key question #3 How much does spending vary within districts based on need?
We typically see significant variation in funding between schools in the same district District Example- ERS analysis $10,000 School Level Gen Ed. Dollar per Gen Ed. Student by School $9,000 Excludes Federal Funds $8,000 $7,000 Median Median $7.0K $6,000 $6.5K Hi-Lo Spread 1.9X Median $5.8K Hi-Lo $5,000 Hi-Lo Spread 1.6X Spread $4,000 1.6X $3,000 $2,000 $1,000 $0 High Elementary Schools Middle Source: ERS Analysis; District Financial File 2016
Recommend
More recommend
