Reshaping of crossover distribution in Vitis vinifera x Muscadinia rotundifolia interspecific hybrids Marion Delame, Emilce Prado, Sophie Blanc, Guillaume Robert-Siegwald, Christophe Schneider, Pere Mestre, Camille Rustenholz, Didier Merdinoglu UMR 1131 Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin INRA-Université de Strasbourg, Colmar, France SV SV SV .01 .01 QV QV QV Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux
Muscadinia rotundifolia : a valuable resource for grape breeding High level of resistance to several major diseases SV SV SV .02 .02 QV QV QV Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux
Muscadinia rotundifolia : a valuable resource for grape breeding difficult to exploit High level of resistance to several major diseases But … Unwanted cultural traits and off-flavours Low rate of success of interspecific crosses Poor vigour and low fertility of interspecific hybrids SV SV SV .03 .03 QV QV QV Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux
Introgression of a trait of interest Wine quality Undesired traits x V. vinifera M. rotundifolia Disease susceptibility Disease resistance x F1 V. vinifera x BC1 V. vinifera x BC2 V. vinifera x BC3 V. vinifera Wine quality BCn Disease resistance SV SV SV .04 .04 QV QV QV Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux
Introgression of a trait of interest x V. vinifera M. rotundifolia x F1 V. vinifera x BC1 V. vinifera x BC2 V. vinifera x BC3 V. vinifera BC4 SV SV SV .05 .05 QV QV QV Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux
Meiotic recombination between homeologous chromosome pairs Not introgressed / homologous Introgressed / homeologous V. vinifera BCx F1 BCx BCx SV SV SV .06 .06 QV QV QV Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux
BC1, BC2 and BC4 populations to analyse meiosis in hybrid parents Carignan x Cabernet x x Trayshed V. vinifera NC184-4 Sauvignon x x F1 Cabernet Sauvignon F1 V. vinifera x x BC1 Barbera BC1 Syrah 68 individuals x BC2 Tempranillo BC2 248 individuals x BC3 Nebbiolo BC4 79 individuals SV SV SV .07 .07 QV QV QV Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux
Chromosome painting of M. rotundifolia introgressed regions M. rotundifolia Illumina Muscadinia accessions sequencing SNPs Identification of Muscadinia introgressed regions BC Genotyping- Rate of Muscadinia SNPs SNPs populations by-Sequencing 1,00 0,80 0,60 Threshold 0,40 0,20 0,00 Physical position Genomic region Not introgressed Introgressed Chromosome pair SV SV SV .08 .08 QV QV QV Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux
Chromosome painting of M. rotundifolia introgressed regions in hybrid parents F1 BC1 BC3 • Genome entirely homeologous • Homologous and homeologous • Homologous and homeologous regions regions • Homologous and homeologous • Homologous ( V. vinifera ) chromosomes chromosomes • 0 to 2 recombination events per • Only one recombination event Homologous region chromosome conserved per chromosome Homeologous region SV SV SV .09 .09 QV QV QV Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux
Recombination events in chromosomes bearing homeologous regions 50 BC1 BC3 Individuals displaying a recombination event (%) 40 30 20 10 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Size of the homeologous region (% of each chromosome) SV SV SV .010 .010 QV QV QV Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux
Variation of recombination in BC populations M. rotundifolia Illumina Muscadinia accessions re-sequencing SNPs Chromosome painting BC Genotyping- Recombination SNPs populations by-Sequencing variation Genetic linkage maps F1 BC1-Chr10 V. vinifera F1 chr10 SV SV SV .011 .011 QV QV QV Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux
Variation of recombination in BC populations M. rotundifolia Illumina Muscadinia accessions re-sequencing SNPs Chromosome painting BC Genotyping- Recombination SNPs populations by-Sequencing variation Genetic linkage maps BC1 – Chromosome 10 F1 70 ● F1 parent 60 ▲ V. vinifera Genetic distance 50 40 chr10 30 20 10 0 0 5000000 10000000 15000000 20000000 Physical position SV SV SV .012 .012 QV QV QV Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux
Variation of recombination in BC populations ● BC1 parent ▲ V. vinifera BC2 - Chromosome 2 BC2 - Chromosome 4 70 90 80 60 BC1 70 Genetic distance Genetic distance 50 60 40 50 chr2 40 30 30 20 chr4 20 10 10 0 0 0 10000000 20000000 0 5000000 10000000 15000000 Physical position Physical position chr12 chr14 BC2 – Chromosome 12 BC2 - Chromosome 14 80 60 70 Genetic distance 50 Genetic distance 60 40 50 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 0 10000000 20000000 30000000 0 10000000 20000000 Physical position Physical position SV SV SV .013 .013 QV QV QV Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux
Summary Meiotic recombination of interspecific hybrids is similar to grapevine in chromosome pairs entirely homeologous § suppressed in homeologous regions in chromosome pairs partly § homeologous enhanced in homologous regions along chromosome pairs partly § homeologous The total genetic length of each chromosome is conserved between V. vinifera and hybrid whatever the backcross level and the proportion of homeologous region SV SV SV .014 .014 QV QV QV Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux
Acknowledgments Marion Delame Emilce Prado Sophie Blanc Guillaume Robert Christophe Schneider Pere Mestre Camille Rustenholz Thank you for your attention SV SV SV .015 .015 QV QV QV Grapevine Breeding and Genetics 2018, 15-20 July, Bordeaux
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